Technology-A Double-edged Sword
Of course, there are too few technological achievements in the transformation of scientific knowledge, and we can only do evil. Most of them can not only benefit society, but also harm society and harm others and themselves. Therefore, "double-edged sword" is their most accurate metaphor.
Using scientific inventions to dominate the world is an example of a "double-edged sword". Verne was the first person to describe a scientific madman. In "Lord of the World", he described a madman Robil hiding in the crater. He invented amphibious vehicles as a hegemonic means. However, Verne is a loyal elder, and it is always inappropriate to write bad people. The image of "world master Robert" is also very funny.
In Wells' Invisible Man, Griffin became furious after he became invisible and called himself "Invisible Man I". However, he didn't even rule a remote English village, so he was rounded up by the villagers as a monster and died.
In The Great Dictator, the former Soviet writer Beliaev created a typical image of a scientific madman. German psychologist Steiner studied the information transmission between animals for a long time, and finally invented a device that directly controls other people's thinking with brainwaves. He left the scientific community and joined the financier gottlieb. First, he controlled gottlieb and his main assistant, then his business rivals, and even created stock market turmoil for his profits. Finally, Steiner's plot was discovered. He used this weapon to confront the armies of several countries, leaving the attacking troops at a loss and fleeing in panic. Steiner's plot failed only when his Soviet counterparts attacked him with the same weapon. Soviet scientists have transformed the instrument that controls others' thinking into a tool for the benefit of mankind: it has greatly accelerated the information transmission between human individuals, coordinated collective labor, and even made a band no longer have a conductor.
Zhao Nanyuan once said: The disasters and calamities caused by moral lunatics and religious lunatics have emerged endlessly in history, and also abound in reality. Science madman only appears in Hollywood science fiction horror movies. Therefore, in recent years, the people who use science to do evil in science fiction writers' works are no longer the lunatics who always want to control the world. These villains want to achieve some more specific, less influential but more realistic goals through the new technology at hand.
Robin cook is good at "medical horror novels". Death Hormone is one of his sci-fi medical horror novels. Death hormone is an inherent hormone in human body, which is secreted by pituitary gland like growth hormone, but it will only appear after the secretion of sex hormones stops. Doctor Hayes was inspired by Pacific salmon, which died immediately after spawning. Hayes finally extracted the inducer of death hormone from salmon head. When injected into an organism, death hormone can be released immediately in large quantities.
Hayes works in a large membership health care center. Some successful middle-aged people join this health care center in order to get lifelong health care treatment. However, for some time, there have always been some middle-aged people who died suddenly. They all have bad habits of smoking and drinking, but their experiences before entering the health care center show that their physical condition is still normal. When they die, their cardiovascular system is extremely aging. Hayes himself was finally included in this death list. These seemingly normal deaths aroused the suspicion of Dr. Jason. After repeated investigations, he finally found out that Shirley and others in the health care center secretly gave these people the death hormone inducer extracted by Hayes, so that they would die early, so as to avoid being forced to provide a large number of free drugs after aging.
At the end of the novel, several characters in the book directly discuss the good and evil of science and technology on the issue of death hormone, and whether it is necessary to set up laws to restrain scientists from inventing at will. This shows that the author has a conscious understanding of the good and evil of science when creating.
/kloc-at the end of 0/9 century, skyscrapers were born in the United States, which soon became a symbol of the combination of technology and wealth. In the second half of the 20th century, many countries and regions in East Asia joined the competition of skyscrapers, and the speed at which high-rise buildings sprang up cannot be described as "mushrooming". And the high cost burden and disaster hidden danger brought by skyscrapers have also become the focus of people's attention. The novel "The Burning Skyscraper" takes this as its theme.
When the novel came out, the tallest building in the world was the Sears Tower in Chicago. In the story, the author fictionalizes the new first floor of the world, which is located opposite the Sears Tower, so that at the end of the novel, the rescue team can set up a steel rope between the Sears Tower and the "first floor of the world" to save people. The boss on the first floor of the world cut corners in order to catch up with the construction period, which led to excessive circuit load and a dark fire on the opening day. The unique "stack effect" of skyscrapers makes the dark fire go up layer by layer until the top floor. There, hundreds of dignitaries are holding a celebration ceremony. Due to safety negligence and other reasons, when people find a fire, it can't be put out.
The concern about the fire hazard of skyscrapers is expressed through the mouth of the fire chief. After the fire broke out, the fire chief came to the scene, met the architect and asked the latter, "You know that fire fighting technology can't do anything for fires over seven floors. Why do you want to build such a high building?" Finally, he said something even more horrible: Today was not bad, only 200 people died. In the future, similar fires will cause thousands of deaths. Only in this way will you know what kind of building you should build! The film was shot in the 1980s, and ten years later, this terrible prediction came to the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center. In the 9 1 1 attack, the casualties of the Pentagon were far less than those of the World Trade Center. 9 1 1 attack If there were no "cheers" from tall buildings, it might just be an enlarged Lockerbie air crash.
This novel was later adapted into a film, with a large number of celebrities participating in it, which was quite influential. Only at the end of the novel, many people, including the governor, did not escape from the fire. The film added a brighter ending: rescuers blew up the water tank on the roof and put out the fire. But that's not reality. The water in the water tower on the roof is really a drop in the bucket for the raging flame like the 9 1 1 incident.
1972, mankind crossed the threshold of transgenic technology in Stanford University. It releases an almost infinite possibility: according to human needs, the genes of different species are mixed together to create new species that are not found in nature. As soon as gene technology was born, it was immediately applied to agricultural science and technology, creating a large number of new species. While providing high-yield crops, they also created a big storm against accepting and resisting genetically modified crops. Not long ago, a storm that farmers destroyed genetically modified experimental fields in Wuhan showed that this wave of resistance has now blown to China. The short science fiction "Doing Good for Heaven" is set in genetically modified crops.
In this novel, American MSD Biological Company invested 2 billion dollars to successfully cultivate "devil strain" wheat. It has high yield, disease resistance and good quality. In order to prevent farmers from storing the harvested wheat, MSD company mixed the toxic protein gene that caused infertility into the gene of devil wheat. In this way, the second generation of wheat seeds would not grow without the special solvent that the company secretly mastered to inhibit the toxic protein gene. This is understandable for the means of protecting intellectual property rights. A junior employee of MSD Company is responsible for marketing it to Shaanxi, China. In the first year, the harvest was excellent. In the second year, some farmers secretly stored seeds, resulting in the loss of large areas of wheat fields. Although MSD has done a lot of preventive research, this suicide gene has spread to other wheat varieties because of the carrying function of some special viruses. Black dead wheat spread like a plague.
In the "bad science" works about grain, immortal grain is also a very interesting example. Blay, a scientist in Beliaev, is not only harmless, but also has no commercial purpose like MSD. He cultivated a single-celled organism, which can directly obtain nutrition from the air, expand itself, can be eaten directly, and become an "eternal food". However, this "eternal food" not only failed to solve the hunger problem, but also led to the bankruptcy of farmers and aggravated the economic crisis. Finally, with the arrival of summer, the appropriate temperature makes the "eternal grain" multiply rapidly, covering one piece of land after another, becoming a man-made disaster.
Network technology has spread to the whole world with the trend of blowout since it appeared in 1970s. Among the people I know, no one who has been online will choose not to contact the internet from now on. It has become the work and life style of many people. But the internet has also made many people addicted and become its prisoners. Nowadays, the problem of Internet addiction has become a new educational problem. According to the author's observation, adults have a large number of Internet addiction patients, but they are independent and responsible, unlike teenagers who have guardians to reflect this problem to public opinion.
In the short science fiction novel Pink-purple Dandelion, Xinghe describes a future world where Internet addiction is widespread. In this era not far from now, Internet addiction has become a serious social problem, and even requires compulsory withdrawal. Like today's drug rehabilitation centers, the judicial system has also seen a net-free prison. The novel describes the reaction of internet addicts: they are upside down day and night, unable to work, difficult to communicate with others, stubbornly looking for internet tools everywhere, and even using prison riots to resist compulsive addiction. And because the author uses the first person, from the perspective of an internet addict, this story shows the harm of internet addiction. The serious physiological reaction described in the novel has already existed in some Internet addiction patients.
The author also conceives the specific measures of compulsory abstinence from Internet addiction in the future: First, it is mandatory to let addicts basically leave the network, which is backed by law. Of course, in order not to have a nervous breakdown, they will surf the Internet with restrictions under supervision. Then force addicts to participate in high-intensity activities. A person who has been sitting in front of a computer for many years is in rather bad health. In addition, addicts are forced to read printed books and gradually get rid of their dependence on computers.
1928, an accidental phenomenon in the laboratory, coupled with the prepared mind of British medical scientist Fleming, helped mankind enter the era of antibiotics. Nowadays, antibiotics have become a common weapon for doctors. However, the abuse of antibiotics leads to the increase of bacterial drug resistance, which also forms new medical problems. The novel Life and Death Balance describes this theme. Although the author Wang Jinkang has long been a minor celebrity in the sci-fi circle, he can attract public attention outside the sci-fi circle, largely because of this novel, because it involves a thorny issue at the forefront of science and technology today.
Set in the Middle East, the novel describes the story of a military madman launching a germ war against neighboring countries. A parallel clue is the Huangfu family's research on "balanced medicine". As a fictional element in the novel, balanced medicine itself is not important. It is important that the author tells his concern about antibiotic abuse through this element. Through the mouth of the medical madman Huangfu Youshan, the author wrote: "Drug-resistant strains have developed like floods, even common bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae have drug-resistant strains, and antibiotics can do nothing. The amount of penicillin used to treat sepsis has increased from tens of thousands of units to tens of millions of units, but the mortality rate has still risen to the level before the emergence of antibiotics. " Science fiction world, 97, 5, 15.
The author even invented a case of renal failure. This is a member of Gao Qian's family. It is because of her position that she can use a lot of new drugs and good drugs, and has been caught in the trap of abusing antibiotics for more than 20 years. The author used a long medical record to describe how she gradually recovered from a minor illness and was finally surrounded by drugs.
At the end of the novel, mutant pathogens that constantly compete with antibiotics broke out collectively, forming a plague all over the world.
Respondent: Really studious-Manager Level 5 4-22 20:06
How many amazing changes have taken place in the world since mankind entered 2 1 century. While people are delighted with the rapid development of science and technology, they have also experienced better anxiety and even disasters. In addition to the panic caused by the development of high technology, especially biotechnology, war and disease seem to directly bring mankind to the door of hell.
The epidemic of SARS in 2003, including all the speculations about SARS, is directly related to the global problem that people are paying more and more attention to: biological safety. Biosafety is a scientific and technological system for detecting, evaluating, monitoring, preventing and treating biological hazards. It is a new frontier discipline that studies the influence of various biological factors on human health, and applies existing theoretical knowledge, technology, engineering design and equipment to prevent people, laboratories and the environment engaged in related work from being harmed by potentially infectious substances and biotoxic substances. Biosafety problems are at least manifested in the following aspects:
The great harm of infectious diseases
Infectious diseases, including human, animal and plant infectious diseases, especially human infectious diseases, are the most important biosafety issues. Infectious diseases are still the leading cause of death in the world. In China, infectious diseases still pose a serious threat to people's health and national security. The prevalence of SARS is a strong proof. In addition, infectious diseases such as hepatitis, tuberculosis and influenza are still prevalent in some parts of the country and some countries and regions in the world every year.
Potential threats of biological weapons and bioterrorism
In the 20th century, the whole international community made unremitting efforts to ban biological weapons and made some progress. However, in the 2nd/kloc-0th century, the potential threat of biological weapons has greatly increased, and some countries and regions may continue to develop biological weapons. In addition, the rapid development of biotechnology has greatly increased the potential threat of biological weapons, and bioterrorism marked by the "anthrax incident" in the United States poses a real threat to international security. Yuan, head of the Department of Microbiology at the University of Hong Kong, was the first scholar to isolate coronavirus, and found that coronavirus variant was the pathogen of SARS. SARS virus belongs to RNA virus, which is easy to recombine with other virus genes and become a new virus. Moreover, many experimental results also show that the new virus produced in this way will be more toxic than the parent virus. Coronavirus can be found in many animals. This virus is easy to mutate and extremely dangerous. Therefore, Yuan believes that SARS virus has great potential to become the pathogen for manufacturing chemical and biological weapons other than smallpox.
Negative effects of biotechnology
The negative effects of biotechnology are as follows: first, unexpected security problems may occur when people develop and utilize biotechnology. Just as the environmental release of various genetically modified organisms is widely concerned about the harm to biodiversity. In addition, genetically engineered drugs, vaccines, genetically modified foods, gene therapy, etc. There may be similar problems. The misuse and unethical application of biotechnology may also bring great security risks. The study of somatic cell cloning is a prominent example.
Threats to biological resources and biodiversity
From the perspective of biosafety, the invasion of alien species and the loss of biological resources may cause great harm to national interests. The environmental release of genetically modified organisms poses a great threat to biodiversity.
Potential safety hazards in microbiology laboratory
Compared with other physical and chemical laboratories or other laboratories, the microbiology and biomedical laboratory is a special laboratory. Everyone who works in it and the surrounding environment in contact with it are at high risk of contracting infectious diseases or affecting health. Omissions and accidents in microbiology laboratory management will not only lead to infection of laboratory staff, but also cause environmental pollution and large-scale population infection. Accidents of accidental infection in laboratories at home and abroad are common. In serious cases, thousands of experimental animals have to be slaughtered, even leading to the death of laboratory staff.
At present, with the rapid development of biotechnology, biosafety has become a major proposition that affects the politics, economy, security and peace of the whole country and even the whole world. In recent years, especially after the "anthrax infection incident" in the United States, biosafety issues have attracted much attention at home and abroad, and biosafety terms often appear in government or non-governmental organization documents and in various media. The global epidemic of SARS will undoubtedly make countries around the world pay more attention to biological safety and regard it as an integral part of national security.
With the development of economy, the acceleration of people's life rhythm and the improvement of living standards, the amount of plastics
Increasing day by day. From 65438 to 0996, the consumption of plastic packaging in China reached 2.43 million tons, with an average annual growth rate exceeding.
20%, especially in cities, main traffic routes and tourist attractions, plastic waste is increasing rapidly.
According to the survey, the annual output of domestic waste in Beijing has reached 3 million tons, of which waste plastics account for about 3%, increasing year by year.
The growth rate reached 48%. The content of plastic in garbage in coastal cities is higher, reaching 8- 10%. These wastes
If the proportion of plastic in garbage is calculated by volume, it has reached more than one third, and it has greatly increased.
The difficulty and cost of garbage disposal.
Because waste plastics are difficult to degrade for hundreds of years, if discarded in the natural environment, it will give mosquitoes, flies and
Bacteria provide a hotbed for survival and reproduction; If buried underground, it is easy to pollute groundwater and hinder plant roots.
The growth of strains destroys soil quality and affects crop harvest; If you burn with fire, it will produce a variety of toxic gases.
Body. "White pollution" has become a major public hazard that harms the social environment of China and seriously hinders the development of China.
Sustainable development of economy and environment.
At present, the annual consumption of disposable tableware in China is about10 billion, mainly foam plastic products, which should be banned.
To stop the production and sale of these disposable foamed plastic tableware, it is necessary to develop and produce its substitutes.
Articles and green disposable tableware came into being. Experts believe that the development of green disposable tableware
And production is becoming a new environmental protection industry in China.
In mid-February, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the State Economic and Trade Commission, the State Environmental Protection Administration and the Ministry of Railways jointly held the Green One.
At the second tableware technology development exchange meeting, the reporter interviewed the person in charge of China Rural Technology Development Center.
Wang Zhixue and the managers of several production enterprises.
Wang Zhixue said: At present, the green disposable tableware developed and produced in China can be divided into paper according to the types of raw materials.
Pulp, rice husk, rice straw and starch. At present, there are hundreds of enterprises in China that produce paper disposable tableware.
The annual production capacity is about 3 billion.
The raw materials of paper tableware are seriously polluted in the production process, with high cost, high strength, water resistance and moisture resistance.
Poor sex, therefore, its popularization and application have great limitations, and people naturally look to others.
Department, to benefit from science and technology. If rice husk is used as raw material to produce rice husk tableware, there are more than a dozen such tableware in China now.
Enterprise type, the annual production capacity is about 65.438+0.5 billion; Straw tableware is mainly made of crop straw.
Raw materials, at present, there are more than a dozen domestic manufacturers, with an annual production capacity of 75 million; Starch tableware is potatoes.
Starch is the main raw material, which has good biodegradability and can be used as feed after recycling. In a word, this country is very interested in green.
The research and development of recycled tableware is very important, through scientific and technological research, spark plan, torch plan and other scientific and technological development
The exhibition plan gives strong support, and the production technology of green disposable tableware in many enterprises is relatively mature, with
Laid the foundation for industrialization.
Wuhan Far East Green World Group Co., Ltd. takes starch as raw material to tackle scientific and technological problems of green disposable tableware.
Close and develop companies whose economic benefits have begun to take shape. Su Xiaohai, president of the company, had a legendary experience:
Formerly majoring in arts and crafts in Hubei Institute of Light Industry, 1984 entered Wuhan University to study for a master's degree in philosophy.
After studying and working in Germany, environmental protection in Europe touched him greatly, so he went back to China to do it.
The concept of environmental protection industry. Su Xiaohai told reporters: I have studied arts and crafts and am an aesthete.
Tian's commitment to environmental protection such as green tableware stems from my initial understanding of beauty; And the extension of aesthetics
Stretching, in the final analysis, is also a philosophy.
From 1992 to 1996, the recycled cardboard disposable tableware and reed pulp developed by Far East Green World Company.
Due to the low technology content, the production scale of molded tableware has not been expanded. 1996 Gong
The company sent staff to inspect the technical situation of biodegradable packaging products in the European market and thought that the production of plant starch should be developed.
Fully degradable disposable tableware may be a way to eliminate "white pollution". 1997, consisting of a batch of food
Specialists in products, chemistry and machinery, the company focuses on the development of fully degradable disposable catering supplies, among which
Included in 1997 national torch plan project.
They absorbed foreign advanced technology and combined with domestic paper tableware production technology to carry out a series of innovations: efficiency
Starch such as sweet potato and corn, which are rich in domestic resources, is used as the main raw material, rather than a single foreign starch with higher price.
Potato starch; 20% natural fiber is added into sweet potato starch raw material, which makes the tableware obviously stronger.
Degree, and then use the processing technology of food expansion to make the products light and soft; Surface spraying to increase strength
Processing and molding equipment makes the produced catering products waterproof, oil-proof and heat-resistant. Xiao Su
The sea made a vivid metaphor: it is like reinforced concrete in building materials, sweet potato starch is cement, and
The root of all kinds of hay and plants is steel bars, so the strength of tableware can be obvious.
Enhance.
The tableware products with starch as raw material produced by Far East Green World are entrusted to SGS in Germany for reference to international food.
According to the packaging standard test, hot water and hot oil stored at 100℃ for more than two hours will not deform at all.
Excellent temperature performance. Because starch and additives are natural plant raw materials, the product has excellent degradation performance and has been approved by the state
Tested by environmental testing center, it can degrade more than 90% in about 10 day, and can be completely degraded within one month.
According to reports, because the project uses plant starch and plant fiber, the cost is low, and everyone has rice.
The cost of boxes is about 0. 12 yuan, and the cost of uncovered lunch boxes, bowls and plates is about 0.07 yuan, which has a broad market prospect.
At present, Far East Green World Company plans to invest 65.438+0.6 billion yuan to build an annual output of 5 billion pairs of disposable chopsticks and 3.5 billion pairs of chopsticks.
A large-scale fully degradable green disposable tableware production base for bowls, plates, boxes and other products can be used every year after the project is completed.
The new output value is 625 million yuan, and the new profit and tax is about 65.438+300 million yuan. The civil engineering of the base started in March this year.
A standard factory building of 20,000 square meters has been built. If the follow-up funds can be guaranteed, it is estimated that 1999 will be put into production by the end of this year.
Su Xiaohai said: Our scientific and technological advantages are obvious, and the social benefits we can create in the future are also obvious: using starch.
The functional index of disposable sanitary chopsticks can completely replace disposable wooden chopsticks, with only one item per year.
Can save nearly 500 thousand cubic meters of wood resources for the country; If the group can produce, it is estimated that it will use 200,000 tons per year.
More than 654.38 million+tons of sweet potatoes can be processed into starch raw materials, and more than 654.38 million+people in poverty-stricken areas can be lifted out of poverty and promoted.
Development of agricultural industrialization in old areas.
In the past few years, Shantou Heng Lv Industrial Co., Ltd. began to develop green disposable tableware made of rice husk.
I also had the ability to produce on an industrial scale before. The disposable packaging container of rice husk produced by this company is special.
In particular, products such as food packaging appliances used in supermarkets have been tried out in Japan, Taiwan Province Province and the United States.
Land.
The green disposable tableware produced by Heng Lv Company is made by crushing and sieving rice husk and then mixing it with several edible ones.
Organic polymer adhesive is mixed with water, and then processed into different shapes by stamping, drying and spraying.
Plates, bowls and other utensils.
The general manager of Kyrgyzstan Commercial Co., Ltd. said: Disposable tableware is made of rice husk, which is not only owned by our country.
The source is abundant and inexhaustible, and it can be quickly degraded in the soil after use, killing two birds with one stone.
At present, Heng Lv Company has a production line running, with an investment of about 9.8 million yuan and a production capacity of 400,000 yuan.
Tableware/day, currently reaching 200,000 tableware/day. The annual output value is about 36 million yuan, and the estimated payback period is about.
In one and a half years, the investment profit is about 30%, and the production technology and product quality have passed the Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Commission.
Technical appraisal and inspection of food hygiene department. According to reports, in order to better promote its products, the company stipulates that
Mode management, plans to set up a group company in the near future, and invest in technical transformation to make production.
The production line is more automated.
According to the introduction of green tableware technology development exchange conference sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology, July 1998, Wen Jia.
At the meeting on water pollution prevention and control in Taihu Lake Basin, Vice Premier Bao made it clear that,
The "white pollution" along the railway requires the relevant departments in the State Council to focus on three tasks: first, strengthen management,
No littering; Second, stop using disposable foamed plastic tableware; Third, develop mass production substitution as soon as possible.
Products. 165438+1October 14, vice premier Li Lanqing at 12 national patriotic health campaign committee working conference, also
The popularization and application of foam plastic tableware substitutes are put forward. It seems that green disposable tableware has attracted the attention of the central government.
Leading comrades, science and technology, environmental protection and other relevant departments attach great importance to it. As a new environmental protection industry, it can be described as
Born at the right time, now, we need scientific and technological personnel who can climb the peak of science to continue to engage in research and development.
Hair, we need entrepreneurs who know how to operate and manage to increase the intensity of technological innovation and market development, and we also need me.
Our far-sighted financiers and venture capitalists have a vision, which gives enough space for the industrialization of green disposable tableware.
Sufficient capital investment.
Most enterprises engaged in the development and industrialization of green disposable tableware in China have small production scale and poor wind resistance.
Inspur's ability is weak, and many of them are private enterprises, which need government departments to give enough industrial policies.
Support and guidance, a good start, so that this emerging green environmental protection industry can develop healthily and continuously.
Advantages and disadvantages of scientific and technological development
Conclusion: Although the development of science and technology is important, it cannot be developed on the premise of reasonable and normal use. Development must first purify the mind. Only when no one's mind and soul are developed and improved can the development of high technology be beneficial to human development and the harmony of nature forever!
Disadvantages: As mentioned above, everyone's eyes are higher and farther, which makes us only see higher things in the distance, explore and pursue, and ignore what we should do at present. Just like some monarchs in history who want to live forever, they use drugs to treat diseases, and as a result, they blindly invest to realize some impossible things. As a result, they hurt others and themselves, and the macro scene that people see in movies now appears. For example, if each
The development of science and technology not only brings convenience to people, but also brings disaster. Leon: We can go where we want. People are constantly exploring that in the future, the Sun Center Association may be overthrown. With the development of science and technology, no one can enjoy what those historical figures can't enjoy. Every newcomer has a different understanding of the world, and our eyes are farther away!
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