Question 2: How to plant plum blossoms? Plum blossoms are not afraid of cold, but are proud of frost and snow. It has been praised by people since ancient times. According to different cultivation purposes, plum blossom can be divided into two categories: flower plum and fruit plum. Prunes are often planted in orchards, mainly for harvesting fruits; Plum blossoms are planted in courtyards or flowerpots, with colorful and rich varieties, mainly for people to watch.
① Upper basin
Plum blossom potted plants are mainly plum blossoms. Plum blossoms potted in September are more delicious-10. Choose grafted saplings that have been cultivated in the field for 2-3 years and have strong roots, and flowers can be seen in the same year after planting. In order to make a plum blossom shape, the top can be truncated at a height of 20-30 cm, and 3-4 new buds can be left at the top as the main branches for culture. Plum blossoms are suitable for growing in loose and fertile soil. Potted soil is generally composed of 2 parts humus soil, 2 parts weathered river mud or paddy soil and 6 parts fine sand soil (dry manure or cake fertilizer can also be slightly mixed into the culture soil). After the basin is put on, it should be watered twice continuously and maintained in a sunny place. This flowerpot is better than ordinary pottery pots. When you are in bloom, move it into a teapot to watch.
② watering
Plum blossoms are sensitive to soil moisture. When watering, you should master the principle, not not not watering, but watering thoroughly. When watering and drying, avoid getting too wet. If the soil contains too much water, the leaves will turn yellow and fall off. If green leaves are found to fall off, it is because the soil is too dry. In order to make plum blossom have more buds, when the new branches grow to about 25 cm, we should do "drought treatment", that is, stop watering for a short time, commonly known as "water harvesting" treatment, so that the leaves of the plants will become warped due to lack of water and the branches will wilt slightly, and then water them with small water to "slow down the seedlings". The amount of water in "Xiaoshui" is about 6-70% of the usual watering amount. After several days, the water was stopped for a short time, and repeated several times, forcing the new buds to stop growing and the secondary branches to germinate, commonly known as "fixing the head", but slowly "discharging water" and gradually returning to normal watering. The purpose of this "water harvesting" can control the growth of new shoots to be too long, at the same time, it can also concentrate nutrients on plants, increase the growth of flower buds, and achieve the effect of more flower buds. However, it should be noted that due to the long air-drying time of the basin soil, a small amount of water should be poured first to make the roots slowly absorb and gradually restore vitality. You must not water it immediately, it will cause a lot of fallen leaves. The fallen leaves of plum blossoms will directly affect the buds during pregnancy, so pay special attention. Plum blossoms like water, but they are not resistant to waterlogging. There is much rain in spring, which tends to make the branches flourish and the flower buds decrease. The Huangmei season is the time to breed flower buds, and the pot soil should be slightly dry. At this time, too much water will make the branches grow slender, and even the yellow leaves will fall off, which will affect the flower buds. Suitable for high temperature and high humidity in summer, water it once from 8: 00 am to 4: 00 pm. Pay attention to pouring water into the side basin after heavy rain to prevent water from accumulating in the basin. In autumn, we should gradually reduce the amount of watering and keep it moist. Generally, water it once every morning, 1-2 days. After the first frost leaves fall, the buds have grown up and can be watered every other day or every few days. Water less between flowering and leaf exhibition.
③ Fertilization.
Fertilization of potted plum blossoms can be done once in spring (70% human excrement, 30% water) except for the base fertilizer when changing pots, and it must be "backwater" the next day after application. After this heavy fertilization, the requirements of branch germination and leaf germination in spring can be met, and fertilization is not needed, especially when the bud grows to about 5 cm, otherwise it will easily lead to excessive growth of branches and the harm of aphids. In the middle and late May, light topdressing 1-2 times (30% human excrement and 70% water) can be applied to promote flower bud formation. Early August is the second rooting period. At the same time, in order to promote flower bud hypertrophy, topdressing can also be done once (30% human manure 70% water). At the beginning of September, the new roots of plum blossoms have matured. In order to make the flower buds strong, a small amount of phosphate fertilizer can be applied.
When the buds are ready to be released, a small amount of nitrogen or phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied topdressing. The sources of fertilizer are: bean cake water, peanut cake water (poured on the pot soil) and dried chicken manure (scattered on the pot soil or buried at the edge of the pot).
④ Pruning
Plum branches should be sparse and not complicated, and they should be pruned in time if they are too dense. Flower buds form on the new branches of the year. Among the new branches, short branches and middle branches bloom more, while long branches often do not. Therefore, pruning can be used to promote more new branches. Young plants in the first pot can choose to keep 2-3 strong branches and cut them short by about 20 cm. All the remaining branches can be cut off from the base, so that new branches can grow on the short branches. If there are long branches, thin branches, diseased branches, overlapping branches and dense branches in the growth process, they should be cut off in time. Trimming should be combined with shaping. Plastic surgery should keep the natural shape according to the growth potential of plants, and pay attention to horizontal, oblique, leaning, bending, ancient, elegant, light, sparse, poetic, sparse and dense. After the flowering period, except the main branches, leave 20......& gt& gt.
Question 3: The planting method of plum blossom is 1. Planting: It can be planted after defoliation and before germination in spring. In order to improve the survival rate, we should avoid damaging the root system and transplant with soil balls. Watering after transplanting and spraying new high-fat film can effectively prevent water evaporation and seedling transpiration, isolate pests and diseases, shorten the slow seedling stage, quickly adapt to the new environment and grow healthily. Keep it in a cool place, and move it to the sun for normal management after the growth resumes.
2. Watering, fertilizing and pest control: During the growth period, pay attention to watering, keep the soil moist frequently, apply fertilizer reasonably and regularly, apply base fertilizer before planting, spray targeted drugs on plants with pests and diseases and add new high-fat film to preserve moisture and fertilizer and enhance the efficacy.
3. Shaping and pruning: cut off horizontal branches, upright branches, dead branches, over-dense branches, etc. And cut short the side branches to promote the flourishing of flowers. After potted plum blossoms are put into the pot, they should be pruned again to lay the foundation for making bonsai. The trimmed wound should be coated with a layer of calluses antiseptic film to promote the growth of wound healing tissue and prevent the infection of rotten bacteria.
4. Flowering control: potted plum blossoms are generally for family viewing. In the flower bud differentiation stage, it is necessary to brush Zhuhuawang 2 to promote flower bud differentiation. Spraying Hua Zhuang Di Ling in bud stage can make the buds strong, the petals plump, the colors bright, the flowers fragrant and the flowering period prolonged.
Question 4: How to plant plum trees: Sandy loam with good drainage and ventilation should be selected. This culture soil can be made of peat, fine sand and garden soil according to the ratio of 1: 1, and it is best to put a small amount of humus soil in it if possible. The purpose of adding humus soil is to improve the fertilizer storage capacity in culture and make the culture soil slightly acidic.
Choice of pots: Meijun's pots are elegant, which can set off each other and add ornamental value. However, it is best to plant plum blossoms in ordinary pottery pots and cover them with elegant flowerpots when the plants bloom. Because earthen pots are beneficial to the growth of plum roots, antique porcelain pots or purple sand pots are slightly inferior.
Watering: In winter and spring, plum blossoms don't need much water. Except that the basin soil is slightly wet at flowering stage, the basin soil is kept slightly wet and dry at other stages. In summer and autumn, plum blossoms need water most, so they should be watered dry. However, from June to July, flower buds began to differentiate. During this period, it is necessary to "control the water" of plum blossoms several times, that is, reduce watering to make the leaves of plum blossoms slightly curly and then water them, so that plum blossoms can bloom better.
Fertilization: Meihua likes to fertilize, but it should be fertilized in a timely and appropriate manner. From late spring to early Zhixia, dilute liquid fertilizer was applied every 65,438+00 days. From late winter to early spring, when plum blossom buds begin to grow obviously until they are transparent, dilute liquid fertilizer should be applied every five days to make plum blossoms colorful and fragrant.
Lighting: The place where it is placed is sunny, and the plum blossoms grow vigorously and have many flowers. On the contrary, plants grow slowly and flower buds differentiate less. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that potted plum blossoms receive 4 to 6 hours of sunlight every day. During the flowering period of plum blossom, especially after its buds begin to swell, it is beneficial to receive direct sunlight for several hours every day. When you visit bloom, you should put it in a bright place, not in direct sunlight, or the flowers will soon wither.
Pruning: In order to make plum blossom have beautiful tree shape and vigorous growth potential, annual pruning is essential. Prunus mume branches should be cored in the vigorous growth season, only to make them grow to a height of 20-30 cm. At the same time, it is necessary to cut off new buds from the rootstock at any time and cut off weak branches and internal branches in time. In addition, the budding tillers should be removed from the rootstock at any time. Prune plum blossoms after flowering, leaving only 3 ~ 5 buds at the base of each branch. In spring, when the branches sprout, they should be thinned, so that nutrients can be distributed reasonably and plum blossoms can grow more beautifully and sturdily.
Question 5: When are plum blossoms planted, propagated and cultivated? Plum blossoms are mainly grafted, and sowing is also acceptable. Grafting is always done by cutting or budding. The rootstock should be the seedling plum. Cuttings can be carried out in the early spring, or in winter, cutting or splitting can be carried out indoors, and rootstock seedlings are bare and have no soil. Bud grafting is mostly carried out from June to September, and shield-shaped bud grafting is often used. Usually in the growing period, that is, from autumn to early winter, fertilizer is applied three times, such as cake fertilizer compost, manure and so on. Apply quick-acting fertilizer before budding; After the new shoots stop growing (from the end of June to the beginning of July), appropriate water control and fertilization are applied to promote flower bud differentiation. If the old trunks of plum are butted, potted stumps can be formed quickly. Plum blossoms are suitable for bonsai cultivation. Put the plants that have been cultivated in the ground for several years in a flowerpot. Pot soil should be soft, loose and fertile, and it should be trimmed before and after planting. Common diseases include perforation, anthracnose, powdery mildew, dead branch gummosis, dry rot gummosis and so on. Pay attention to avoid using dimethoate when using insecticide, because dimethoate is easy to control the pharmacognostic harm of plum blossom and lead to defoliation.
Question 6: Excuse me, can plum blossom be planted with plum blossom seeds? Absolutely.
Question 7: Is plum blossom transplanted? What can I do to grow it? This is planted by cutting.
Common cutting method
L, cutting time: Prunus mume cutting time is generally carried out at the end of 1 1, when the branches have stopped growing. Annual branches are lignified and have high nutritional content.
2. Preparation for bed insertion: A well-drained and sunny place should be selected for bed insertion. The width of the transplanting bed is about 1m, and the bed surface is made of loose loam with high fertility (which is convenient for the survival seedlings to be transplanted out of the nursery after growing for one year), and an arch frame (6Ocm in height) is set beside the bed to cover the plastic film after cutting.
3. Operation: Take the lignified branches of the current year from the young and mature mother tree varieties that are easy to survive by cutting, cut the branches with the length of about 13lOl5cm from the middle and upper branches as cuttings (note: use sharp scissors and small knives to prevent the wound from tearing, and the upper end of the cuttings is flat, and the lower end is cut into a horse's ear shape along the bud, which is conducive to expanding the incision surface and better forming callus), and insert them into the soil.
4. Management: Water is often sprayed after cutting to keep the soil moist. In the low temperature period, plastic film should be tightly covered to prevent ventilation. After the temperature rises in the spring of the following year, when the temperature in the film reaches above 20℃ on sunny days, the film should be opened for ventilation in the morning and covered again before the sun goes down in the afternoon (to prevent the false phenomenon that the temperature in the film is too high, and finally the ground temperature comes up, and it germinates first and then takes root). In March-April, after the cuttings are confirmed to take root, the film is uncovered, and then the seedlings are managed.
Question 8: I want to grow plum blossoms. I don't know what kind of plum blossoms are suitable for the north. If it is in the Yellow River valley, some cold-tolerant varieties can survive the winter in the wild in Beijing, but potted plum blossoms in the north and wintering in the city are more suitable.
The growth of plants depends on air, sunlight, water and temperature. Plum blossoms are not afraid of cold, but they will die if they are too cold. North 10 months later 10- 30 degrees below zero, frozen. How long are plum blossoms? Many plants are held down by snow and germinate after spring, don't you think?
Question 9: What are the cultivation methods of plum blossom? What are its characteristics? Tonight is very useful. Plum blossoms are native to southeast, southwest, central China, Taiwan Province Province and other places in China. They like warmth, but they can also tolerate low temperatures. At present, there are dozens of varieties with strong cold resistance that can overwinter on the land in the Three North Areas. Plum blossoms are not strict with soil and are barren-tolerant. All well-drained clay, loam, sandy loam and slightly alkaline soil (ph 6-8) can grow well. The cultivation methods of plum blossom mainly include garden cultivation, bonsai cultivation and cut flower cultivation. These culture methods are described in detail as follows:
Garden planting: in the garden cultivation of plum blossoms in China, traditional methods are often used to form landscapes with plants such as pine, bamboo and plum. Highlight the theme of plum blossom, and plant it in groups of three or five or solitary trees near windows, corners, ponds, roadsides, bridges and pavilions. Or build plum gardens, such as Meilin, Meiling, Mei Feng, Meixi and Meijing. It is the best place for tourists and literati to visit Xun Mei, Yongmei and paint plums. When planting plum blossoms in the open field, we should choose varieties suitable for local climate conditions, and choose leeward, sunny and well-drained places. Planting time, most areas south of the Yellow River and Huaihe River can be planted before winter, which is beneficial to plum blossom rooting and growth in advance. It can be planted in spring in arid areas in the north. The seedlings purchased in advance should be cultivated, buried in the heel with sand, and planted after the soil is thawed. Before planting, the tree holes should be dug and mixed with accumulated fertilizer. If the soil is too sticky, fine sand, broken orange stalks or coal ash should be added into the tree hole to facilitate drainage. Before planting, the excessively long roots should be pruned. If possible, it is best to dip the roots in mud before planting. Rooting powder, carbendazim and plant growth regulator can be added into the mud. The planting depth should be the same as the original seedling level. After planting, water, leave seedlings for 50-70 cm to cut. The branches of big trees planted in the north should be cut off as much as possible to reduce water evaporation and improve the survival rate. In order to prevent the strong wind from shaking, bamboo poles can be used for triangular fixation. In the cold areas of northern China, proper soil protection should be done before freezing in the first two years, and anti-freezing measures can be lifted after domestication for several years.
Bonsai cultivation: Since ancient times, people in China like to make bonsai with plum blossoms and put them in front of the window and on the desk for viewing. Appreciate the tangled flowers of Megan, vigorous and colorful. As Gong Zizhen, a writer, said:' Mei is beautiful with joy, straight and without posture; Take beauty as beauty, and the law has no scenery; Sparsity is beauty, secrecy is not state. "Potted plum blossoms are divided into big Gu Mei piles and small bonsai according to their size. Gu Mei bonsai is a variety grafted with wild plum piles, which has been cultivated for many years. Small potted plums are cultivated with seedlings. Plum blossom bonsai has the advantages of rapid cultivation and low cost, and can be produced in batches. In addition, it is easy to package and transport, so it has a good market prospect. To cultivate plum blossoms, we should first choose varieties that are easy to form flower buds and bloom intensively, and at the same time, we should give consideration to floral fragrance and bright colors. Such as little red cinnabar, small green calyx, green calyx, white beard cinnabar, pink cinnabar, vermicelli palace powder, tiger hill night powder, Nanjing red, Nanjing red beard, pink pavilion, Hou Feng, memorial and Meimei, etc. First, plant the seedlings in the ground according to the plant spacing of 30-50 cm. Then grafting, shaping and pruning. After 2-3 years of field cultivation, come out in winter or early spring. The pot soil should be humus soil, and some garden soil and fine sand can be added to ensure the air permeability of the soil. Trim the roots and branches according to the shape of Xiaomei pile when serving, so as to serve at the best viewing angle.
Cut flower cultivation: With the continuous development of fresh cut flower market at home and abroad, cut plum flowers have attracted the attention of customers at home and abroad. In foreign countries, a bunch of plum blossoms costs tens of dollars. Due to the lack of cut plum blossom production base in China, there is almost no supply in the market. Establishing a production base of cut plum blossom will have great development prospects. Cut flower production nursery should also choose plots with fertile soil, sunny ventilation and good drainage. Dig deep and apply sufficient fertilizer. The suitable row spacing is 3m and the plant spacing is1.5-2m. When planting, it is best to divide the area according to the branches of varieties, which is convenient for daily management and cutting flowers according to varieties. According to the local climatic conditions, the planting period is in autumn, winter and early spring. In northern China, it takes time to cut early and stretch late, and it can also be cultivated in greenhouse facilities. Prunus mume cut flowers mainly harvest branches, which is different from garden planting and bonsai planting. It is required to have more flowers in the middle and fewer short branches. So in the first year, cut off the seedlings by 30 cm, and then leave 3 ~ 5 branches evenly with the growth. The next spring, the remaining branches were cut off at about 20 cm to cultivate secondary bones. When cutting flower strips in the second winter and the third spring, two or three branches are left at the secondary skeleton, which is cut around 15cm as the tertiary skeleton. In the future, each branch should cut 3 to 4 buds after picking flowers. In order to cultivate flower strips with short internodes and good quality, 1 twice ... & gt