Keywords: landscaping; Engineering supervision; quality management
1 Features and supervision methods of landscaping projects
1. 1 Features of Landscaping Project
Although the landscaping project is a branch of municipal engineering, it is more flexible than roads, bridges and tunnels. Garden plants are vital and will change with the seasons. The effective ornamental period and adaptive soil conditions of each variety are different. How to combine different varieties organically requires the close cooperation and brainstorming of all participants, and after brainstorming, an ideal scheme is obtained.
1.2 Scope of landscaping works
Landscaping project refers to the construction of landscape green space, creating a good place for people to rest, entertain and get close to nature, improving the urban ecological environment and improving people's quality of life. According to the Code for Construction and Acceptance of Landscaping Works (CJJ 82-20 12), landscaping works are divided into three parts: greening works and garden accessory works. Greening projects can be divided into basic planting projects, planting projects and maintenance projects; The ancillary works of the garden can be divided into four parts: paving garden roads and squares, putting rocks in rockeries, managing water in the garden and installing garden facilities.
1.3 supervision method of landscaping works
The construction stage includes: preparation before construction, on-site construction, completion acceptance, transfer of engineering data, transfer of management rights, and final accounts of completion. Combined with the actual project, this paper briefly discusses the supervision methods of preparation before construction and on-site construction. The total cost of the landscape greening project (bid A and bid B) of the eastern solid waste treatment center is 572 1 10,000 yuan (bid A is 33.2 million yuan, 365,438+600,000 m2; The bid price of bid B is 240 1 1,000 yuan (1 1,300 square meters). This project is located in Xinxu Town, Xiang 'an District, Xiamen. The construction contents include the shelterbelt surrounded by mountains on three sides, the shelterbelt of the triangle plot under the mountain, the guardrail enclosure within the red line, the greening around the roads in the park, the irrigation system and the natural mountain greening. In the preparation work before the construction starts, the supervision work is mainly to check whether the construction unit has the starting conditions. Mainly from the following aspects: whether the land acquisition and demolition work can meet the needs of the project progress; Whether the construction organization design is approved by the chief supervision engineer; Whether the site management personnel of the contractor are in place; Whether construction machines and tools and construction personnel enter the site; Whether the main engineering materials have been implemented; Whether the access roads, water, electricity and communication meet the requirements for commencement. In general, the weak link of supervision work is whether the main engineering materials have been implemented. The main materials of landscaping projects are seedlings, landscape walls, wood and concrete. If the number of seedlings accounts for a large proportion of the total engineering quantity, it is particularly important to find seedlings in advance; If the garden landscape accounts for a large proportion of the total engineering quantity, it is necessary to implement the supply of stone, wood and concrete in advance. In order to confirm that the main engineering materials have been implemented, it is necessary to require the construction unit to provide supply and marketing contracts, intention contracts, samples or photos, and form a written opinion after the contractor confirms that it meets the design requirements and visual requirements. In the field construction, the supervision work should first confirm whether the terrain layout meets the design requirements. The grid method is used to combine the design of leveling site with the calculation of earthwork volume. The working procedure of the grid method is: control the construction site with grid on the topographic map of the construction site with contour lines, determine the design elevation and construction elevation of each corner according to the design intention of the ground shape, slope direction and slope value, divide the excavation area, calculate the earthwork volume, and draw the excavation plan and site design contour map. After passing the inspection, proceed to the next working procedure. Each working procedure should be inspected after self-inspection, and the next working procedure can only be entered after the supervision engineer has passed the inspection. According to the design requirements for construction, the seedlings must be varieties and specifications that meet the design requirements, and the appearance quality requirements, allowable deviation and inspection methods of garden accessories should meet the requirements of Code for Construction and Acceptance of Landscaping Projects (CJJ82-20 12).
2 landscaping project supervision quality control points
Because the landscaping construction processes are closely linked and there are many concealed works, it is necessary to carry out inspection in time, and it is necessary to take the form of patrol, parallel inspection and standby. There are about 150 camellia varieties in the second phase project of Tea Garden (the bid price is 2.03 million yuan, 4969. 1 4m2), and some rare varieties are only1plant. In this project, the focus of quality control of supervision work is to ensure the survival and transplant quality. Plant transplanting is divided into ground seedling transplanting and container seedling transplanting. In the process of digging, the seedlings planted in the ground are easy to damage the root system and the survival rate is low. Because the container seedlings are wrapped in soft containers, it is not easy to damage the soil balls during transportation, so the varieties that are particularly precious and have low transplanting survival rate are selected. As an experienced landscaping supervision engineer, he should know how to judge the difference between ground planting seedlings and container seedlings. Check whether the soil ball is damaged and record it as the basis for judging the cause of seedling death in the future. Soil balls not wrapped with degradable materials should be taken out before covering, otherwise it will affect the downward growth of roots in the future and have a great impact on the stability of roots. In particular, Xiamen is in a typhoon-prone zone. When a typhoon strikes, it is often the seedlings with poor root stability that fall. In view of the shallow root system of camellia, it should be supported by Chinese fir piles immediately after transplantation. The greening and colorization project of BRT Bridge (the contract price is about 9.4 million yuan), the main construction content is the rejuvenation and replacement of bougainvillea on BRT Bridge. Focus on checking whether the effective depth of planting layer and the physical and chemical properties of planting soil meet the design requirements. After fertilization according to the design requirements, the earthwork division will be qualified. After the acceptance of the earthwork division, colonization will be carried out. In most cases, the operators in charge of planting have different proficiency, which will lead to irregular planting. Usually, the construction unit is required to plant in a small area first, adjust the individual differences of operators, and plant in a large area after the uniformity meets the design requirements. After planting, the construction unit should be urged to do a good job of root irrigation. During the maintenance period, pruning and shaping are needed to achieve the design effect and make the newly planted seedlings integrate with the surrounding environment. During this period, dead and missing plants need replanting, and those with poor growth and unsatisfactory visual effects need fertilization, irrigation and pest control measures. The so-called three points of hard work and seven points of harvest are also the same. Garden ancillary projects require landscape engineering supervision engineers to have professional knowledge of civil engineering, and adopt patrol, parallel inspection, side station and other methods to supervise. The road landscape and greening improvement project of Aoshan Road (the bid price is 7.828 million yuan) includes the garden auxiliary project of the pavement project of Huayuan Road, and the raw materials need to be sent for inspection, and the key parts and processes need to be on standby. The qualified concrete shall be cast and compacted, the slump and grade shall be checked, and the thickness of concrete shall be controlled. Keep the test block for the third party to check whether the concrete curing meets the specification requirements. The construction unit is required to implement the model section system, and large-area paving can only be carried out after the construction personnel confirm that the look and feel meets the requirements. The extension project of Jiang Mu Garden (6,543,800 yuan+350,000 yuan) includes rockery, rockfill, rockfill and other ancillary garden projects. The shape and position of rockery, rockfill and rockfill should meet the design requirements and be in harmony with the surrounding environment, and rockery should be fake. From form to coloring, the whole process should be highly consistent with the requirements of the design unit and the owner unit. In the auxiliary project with artificial water system, the construction unit is required to carry out full water test on the water system. Make sure that the whole part of the water system is watertight. The shape of spillway directly affects the direction of water flow, and the lowest point of spillway is the full water level line. Different design effects have different requirements for spillway. We should fully understand the design intent and correct the construction quality defects in time.
3 Conclusion
Through the analysis and discussion on the working methods and quality control points of landscaping project supervision, it is helpful to improve the professional quality and level of supervisors and make them play an important role in landscaping project construction.
References:
Li Tongqing. Landscape engineering construction supervision [M]. Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press, 2012,9.
[2] Chen Yuanji, Li Na. Landscape engineering construction supervision [M]. Chemical Industry Press, 20 12, 1.
[3] Ning Ping. Landscape engineering supervision from entry to proficiency [M]. Chemical Industry Press, 2017,5.
Han Dongfeng. Landscape engineering construction supervision [M]. Chemical Industry Press, 20 1 1, 1.
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