Stamping die is an essential process equipment for stamping production and a technology-intensive product. The quality, production efficiency and production cost of stamping parts are directly related to the design and manufacture of dies. The technical level of mold design and manufacturing is one of the important symbols to measure the manufacturing level of a country's products, which largely determines the quality, benefit and development ability of new products. ?
classify
There are many forms of stamping dies, and stamping dies are also classified according to working nature, die structure and die material.
Classification according to process attributes
A. Stamping die A die that separates materials along a closed or open contour line. Such as blanking die, punching die, cutting die, cutting die, trimming die, cutting die, etc.
B. Bending die is a die that bends a blank or other blanks along a straight line (bending line) to obtain a workpiece with a certain angle and shape.
C. Drawing die is a die that makes blank plates into open hollow parts or further changes the shape and size of the hollow parts.
D. The forming die is a die that directly replicates and forms a blank or semi-finished workpiece according to the shapes of the male die and the female die, and the material itself only produces local plastic deformation. Such as expanding die, necking die, flaring die, wavy forming die, flanging die, shaping die, etc.
E. riveting die is to connect or lap the participating parts in a certain order and way by external force, and then form a whole.
Classification according to the degree of process combination
A. Single-process stamping die A stamping die that only completes one stamping process in one stroke of the printing machine.
B the compound die has only one station, and in one stroke of the press, two or more stamping processes are simultaneously completed at the same station.
C. The progressive die (also called the continuous die) has two or more stations in the feeding direction of the blank, and in one stroke of the press, two or more stamping processes are continuously completed at different stations.
D. The transfer die combines the characteristics of single-process die and progressive die, and realizes the rapid transfer of products in the die by using the manipulator transfer system, which can greatly improve the production efficiency of products, reduce the production cost of products, save material costs, and have stable and reliable quality.
According to the processing method of the product.
According to the different processing methods of products, dies can be divided into five categories: stamping and shearing dies, bending dies, drawing dies, forming dies and compression dies.
A. Punching and shearing die: the work is accomplished by shearing. The common forms are shearing die, blanking die, punching die, trimming die, edging die, hole drawing die and punching die.
B. Bending die: bending a flat blank into an angle. According to the shape, precision and output of parts, there are many different types of dies, such as common bending die, cam bending die, curling die, arc bending die, bending punching die and torsion die.
C, die drawing: die drawing is to make a flat blank into a seamless container with a bottom.
D. Forming die: refers to changing the blank shape by various local deformation methods, including convex forming die, curling forming die, necking forming die, hole flange forming die and round edge forming die.
E. Stamping die: The metal blank is deformed into the required shape by strong pressure, and its types include extrusion die, embossing die, embossing die and end stamping die.
Basic knowledge of stamping die terminology
1, curling
Crimping is a stamping process that rolls the edge of a workpiece into a nearly closed circle. The axis of a curled circle is linear.
Step 2 curl the edge
Crimping is a stamping process in which the upper edge of a hollow part is rolled into a nearly closed circle.
Step 3 draw pictures
Drawing is a stamping process to change a flat blank or workpiece into a curved surface, which is mainly formed by the extension of the material at the bottom of the punch.
4, stretch bending
Stretch bending is a stamping process that realizes bending deformation under the action of tension and bending moment, so that the whole bending section is subjected to tensile stress.
Step 5 expand
Bulging is a stamping process that expands hollow parts or tubular parts radially outward. Cutting is a stamping process, which divides the forming process into several parts.
6. Leveling
Leveling is a stamping process to improve the flatness of local or whole plane parts. Wave forming
7, wave forming
Wave forming is a stamping process that relies on the extension of materials to make the workpiece form local depressions or protrusions. The change of material thickness in undulating forming is unintentional, that is, the slight change of thickness naturally occurs during deformation, which is not the requirement of design.
Step 8 bend
Bending is a stamping process in which a material is plastically deformed under pressure to make it bend into a shape with a certain curvature and a certain angle.
9. Chiseling and cutting
Chisel is a blanking or stamping process using a sharp-edged chisel. There is no lower die for chiseling, only a flat plate is placed under the material, and most of the punched materials are non-metal.
10, deep hole punching
Deep hole stamping is a stamping process in which the aperture is equal to or less than the thickness of the material to be stamped.
1 1, blanking
Blanking is a stamping process, which separates materials along a closed contour. The separated materials become workpieces or machined parts, most of which are planar.
12, shrinkage
Necking is a stamping process, which compresses the opening of a hollow or tubular part to make it shrink.
13, plastic surgery
Forming is a stamping process, which depends on the flow of materials to change the shape and size of the workpiece little by little to ensure the accuracy of the workpiece.
14, renovation
Renovation is a stamping process that cuts a small amount of material along the outer contour or the inner contour to improve the edge smoothness and verticality. Generally speaking, the finishing process can also improve the dimensional accuracy.
15, hole turning
Turning holes is a stamping process that turns materials into side flanges along the periphery of inner holes.
16, flanging
Flanging is a stamping process that changes materials into short sides along contour curves.
17, deep drawing
Deep drawing is a stamping process, which changes a flat blank or workpiece into a hollow part or further changes the shape and size of the hollow part. In deep drawing, the center piece is mainly formed by the material outside the bottom of the punch flowing into the die.
18, continuous drawing
Continuous drawing is a stamping method which uses the same pair of dies (continuous drawing dies) to gradually form the required shape and size on the strip (coil) through multiple stretching.
19, refinement and stretching
Thinning drawing is a drawing process that further changes the shape and size of hollow parts and intentionally thins the side wall.
20. Reverse drawing
Reverse drawing is a drawing process that turns the inner wall of hollow workpiece outwards.
2 1, temperature difference diagram
Differential temperature drawing is a drawing process which uses heating and cooling means to make the temperature of the material to be deformed much higher than that of the deformed material, thus improving the degree of deformation.
22, hydraulic drawings
Hydraulic deep drawing is a kind of deep drawing process which uses liquid in rigid or flexible container instead of punch or die to form hollow parts.
23, pressure reinforcement
Stiffness is a wave-like molding. When local undulations appear in the form of ribs, the corresponding undulating forming process is called rib compression.
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