Morning glory alias morning glory, morning glory, morning glory. It is an annual twining herb flower of Petunia in Convolvulaceae. The vines are slender, about 3 meters to 4 meters, and the whole plant is densely covered with short bristles. Leaves alternate, entire or lobed. Cymes axillary, 1 to several. Corolla trumpet-shaped The color is bright and beautiful. Capsule is spherical, cells crack after maturity, seeds are large, black or yellow-white, and life is long. The flowering period is from June to 10, and it usually opens at noon.
Habitual characteristics
Morning glory is strong, likes mild climate, abundant sunshine and moderate ventilation, has strong adaptability to soil, is resistant to drought and salinity, and is not afraid of high temperature and heat. It is a deep-rooted plant, and the soil should be deep. It is best to sow or transplant seedlings directly as soon as possible. Big seedlings are not resistant to transplantation.
Key points of cultivation
Optimum temperature for germination: 20-25℃ Sowing period: spring and summer; Suitable growth temperature: 22-34℃ Flowering period: summer and autumn.
Seedling raising: first soak the seeds in warm water for 4-6 hours or treat them with sulfuric acid. After sowing, cover the soil about 1 cm, keep the soil warm and moist, and germinate after 5-6 days. Two pieces of this leaf can be transplanted, and the spacing between plants is 30 cm.
Planting: Choose well-drained culture soil and give it a full sunshine and well-ventilated environment. When the surface of the basin soil is slightly dry during the growing period, it needs watering, and dilute liquid fertilizer should be applied once every half month, so as not to apply too much nitrogen fertilizer to avoid excessive stems and leaves. Potted plants need to be supported by columns.
Morning glory is not only a good material for fence vertical greening, but also suitable for potted plants to decorate courtyard balcony. In early April, potted plants should be filled with ordinary culture soil and plain sand, put into No.2 pot (inner diameter 13cm), and sow seeds of 4m to 5m in each pot. Because the seed coat is thick and germinates slowly, you can carve a little seed coat on the upper part of the hilum with a knife. After sowing, keep germination at 25℃ for about 7 days. Usually observe that two cotyledons are transplanted separately, and the whole piece can be separated with soil. When potted, remove 1 cm from the lower end of the taproot, and put the common cultivated soil in No.2 pot, each pot 1 plant. Pay attention to transplanting Petunia in the open field and never touch the taproot. Transplanting should be done early, and the bigger the mound, the better.
Optimum temperature for germination: 20-25℃ Sowing period: spring and summer; Suitable growth temperature: 22-34℃ Flowering period: summer and autumn.
Seedling raising: first soak the seeds in warm water for 4-6 hours or treat them with sulfuric acid. After sowing, cover the soil about 1 cm, keep the soil warm and moist, and germinate after 5-6 days. Two pieces of this leaf can be transplanted, and the spacing between plants is 30 cm.
Planting: Choose well-drained culture soil and give it a full sunshine and well-ventilated environment. When the surface of the basin soil is slightly dry during the growing period, it needs to be watered, and dilute liquid fertilizer should be applied once every half month. Don't apply too much nitrogen fertilizer to avoid excessive stems and leaves. Potted plants need to be supported by columns.
Seedling raising: soak the seeds in warm water for 4-6 hours or treat them with sulfuric acid, and cover the soil about 1 cm after sowing to keep the soil warm and moist. The optimum temperature for germination for 5-6 days is 20-25℃, and the sowing date is spring and summer. Suitable growth temperature: 22-34℃ Flowering period: summer and autumn germination temperature: 20-25℃ Sowing date: spring and summer; Suitable growth temperature: 22-34℃ Flowering period: summer and autumn.
Seedling raising: first soak the seeds in warm water for 4-6 hours or treat them with sulfuric acid. After sowing, cover the soil about 1 cm, keep the soil warm and moist, and germinate after 5-6 days. Two pieces of this leaf can be transplanted, and the spacing between plants is 30 cm. Optimum temperature for germination: 20-25℃ Sowing period: spring and summer; Suitable growth temperature: 22-34℃ Flowering period: summer and autumn.
Seedling raising: first soak the seeds in warm water for 4-6 hours or treat them with sulfuric acid. After sowing, cover the soil about 1cm, keep the soil warm and moist, and germinate after 56 days. Two leaves can be transplanted with a spacing of 30 cm.
Planting: Choose well-drained culture soil, give sufficient sunshine and a well-ventilated environment, and the surface of basin soil is slightly dry during the growing period. Suitable temperature for germination: 20-25℃ Sowing period: spring and summer; Suitable growth temperature: 22-34℃ Flowering period: summer and autumn.
Seedling raising: first soak the seeds in warm water for 4-6 hours or treat them with sulfuric acid. After sowing, cover the soil about 1 cm, keep the soil warm and moist, and germinate after 5-6 days. Two pieces of this leaf can be transplanted, and the spacing between plants is 30 cm.
Planting: Choose well-drained culture soil and give it a full sunshine and well-ventilated environment. When the surface of the basin soil is slightly dry during the growing period, it needs to be watered, and dilute liquid fertilizer should be applied once every half month. Don't apply too much nitrogen fertilizer to avoid excessive stems and leaves. Potted plants need to be supported by columns. Optimum temperature for germination: 20-25℃ Sowing period: spring and summer; Suitable growth temperature: 22-34℃ Flowering period: summer and autumn.
Seedling raising: first soak the seeds in warm water for 4-6 hours or treat them with sulfuric acid. After sowing, cover the soil about 1 cm, keep the soil warm and moist, and germinate after 5-6 days. Two pieces of this leaf can be transplanted, and the spacing between plants is 30 cm.
Planting: Choose well-drained culture soil and give it a full sunshine and well-ventilated environment. When the surface of the basin soil is slightly dry during the growing period, it needs to be watered, and dilute liquid fertilizer should be applied once every half month. Don't apply too much nitrogen fertilizer to avoid excessive stems and leaves. Potted plants need to be supported by columns.
Morning glory is not only a good material for vertical greening of fences, but also suitable for potted plants and patio balconies. The suitable temperature for germination is 20-25℃, and the sowing date is spring and summer. Suitable growth temperature: 22-34℃ Flowering period: summer and autumn.
Seedling raising: first soak the seeds in warm water for 4-6 hours or treat them with sulfuric acid. After sowing, cover the soil about 1 cm, keep the soil warm and moist, and germinate after 5-6 days. Two pieces of this leaf can be transplanted, and the spacing between plants is 30 cm.
Planting: Choose well-drained culture soil and give it a full sunshine and well-ventilated environment. When the surface of the basin soil is slightly dry during the growing period, it needs to be watered, and dilute liquid fertilizer should be applied once every half month. Don't apply too much nitrogen fertilizer to avoid excessive stems and leaves. Potted plants need to be supported by columns.
Morning glory is not only a good material for vertical greening of fences, but also suitable for potted plants and patio balconies. The suitable temperature for germination is 20-25℃, and the sowing date is spring and summer. Suitable growth temperature: 22-34℃ Flowering period: summer and autumn.
Seedling raising: first soak the seeds in warm water for 4-6 hours or treat them with sulfuric acid. After sowing, cover the soil about 1 cm, keep the soil warm and moist, and germinate after 5-6 days. Two pieces of this leaf can be transplanted, and the spacing between plants is 30 cm.
Planting: Choose well-drained culture soil and give it a full sunshine and well-ventilated environment. When the surface of the basin soil is slightly dry during the growing period, it needs watering, and dilute liquid fertilizer should be applied once every half month, so as not to apply too much nitrogen fertilizer to avoid excessive stems and leaves. Potted plants need to be supported by columns.
Morning glory is not only a good material for fence vertical greening, but also suitable for potted plants to decorate courtyard balcony. In early April, potted plants should be filled with ordinary culture soil and plain sand, put into No.2 pot (inner diameter 13cm), and sow seeds of 4m to 5m in each pot. Suitable temperature for seed germination: 20-25℃ Sowing date: spring and summer; Suitable growth temperature: 22-34℃ Flowering period: summer and autumn.
Seedling raising: first soak the seeds in warm water for 4-6 hours or treat them with sulfuric acid. After sowing, cover the soil about 1 cm, keep the soil warm and moist, and germinate after 5-6 days. Two pieces of this leaf can be transplanted, and the spacing between plants is 30 cm.
Planting: Choose well-drained culture soil and give it a full sunshine and well-ventilated environment. When the surface of the basin soil is slightly dry during the growing period, it needs watering, and dilute liquid fertilizer should be applied once every half month, so as not to apply too much nitrogen fertilizer to avoid excessive stems and leaves. Potted plants need to be supported by columns.
To plant morning glory scientifically, potted plants must be used. This is not only convenient for scientific management, but also convenient for exhibition and identification, and also convenient for ensuring the collection of excellent varieties.
1. Seedling raising: The germination temperature of morning glory seeds is 20 ~ 30℃, which is usually sown at the end of April and the beginning of May (it can be earlier in the south), and it is sown in a fine sand seedbed according to varieties, and it will germinate in about 10 days when the humidity is moderate. After about 10 days, the cotyledons will be completely open. When the real Ye Gang germinates, it should be transplanted into a small pot. Too early seedlings are weak, and too late roots are damaged, which is not conducive to future development. Small pots should be marked with varieties.
2. Planting: After two or three true leaves grow in the small pot, the roots can be planted in the middle pot, and the base fertilizer can be added in advance. As teacher Mei said, morning glory is not afraid of heavy fertilizer, and you can use horseshoes and cooked hemp residue as base fertilizer. The root development of morning glory needs temperature. According to Japanese researchers, using black pot to absorb heat is better than using red pot to absorb heat. Turn the pots frequently, so that the sun shines evenly and the roots develop well.
3. Picking the heart: When the real leaves of the morning glory grow three or four pieces, the vines begin to grow in the center, so take them off at this time. After the first pit removal, branches and vines were born between the axils of leaves. After the branches and vines grow three or four leaves, the core is removed and combined with plastic surgery. Top dressing should be applied after each pit removal, and the fertilizer used is similar to that used by chrysanthemums. Be careful not to let fertilizer and soil pollute the leaves (including cotyledons) to avoid the leaves falling off. When vines grow, they will enter flowering period (usually one month after planting). Ideally, the first leaf of the vine will have axillary buds, and the second and third leaves will have flower buds in the axils. After the bud is formed, the stipules of the bud can be removed to facilitate the development of the bud. In order to ensure the full supply of nutrients to the flower buds and produce large and gorgeous flowers, we can also remove some flower buds and cultivate a single flower, just like cultivating a variety of chrysanthemums. After flowering, the residual flowers should be picked and not used as seeds, so as not to affect the nutrition of the next batch of flowers. Of course, after three or four batches of bloom, axillary buds are overgrown and difficult to control. General varieties can be planted in the field, and excellent varieties can stay at any time.
4. Shaping and pruning mainly include ground planting and hedge decoration: when the main vine grows 7-8 leaves, it is pitted, leaving 4 leaves, and after 3 branches grow, leaving 4 leaves to be pitted. After nine branches grow out, they are evenly distributed on fences or walls for binding, and when they grow out, hedges and flower walls will soon be formed.
When viewing halophytes indoors, when the seedlings are about 6 cm high, a flower stand can be set up in the basin for winding. You can also leave 4 leaves for coring when there are 7-8 leaves, and l leaves for coring after 3 leaves grow. So that each pot of plants does not exceed 9 buds. This will make the plants plump and the flowers big. Basket cultivation can also be used.
5. Keep the seeds: A good variety must keep the seeds. When the autumn is ripe, take the seeds away and label them for preservation. If there are varieties, they should be kept. After selecting the female parent and the male parent, cut off the upper end of the bud at dusk the day before flowering, then remove the stamens and wrap them with wax paper. The next morning, take off the wax paper bag, pollinate it artificially with the stamens of the male parent, and then wrap it with wax paper. After a week or two, the wax paper package can be removed, but the pollination package must be marked and recorded. In the second year, all the hybrid seeds should be planted well, and the results can only be seen after flowering, so as to study the role of various genetic factors.
Experienced morning glory lovers can distinguish the advantages and disadvantages according to the shape of cotyledons, so as to eliminate inferior varieties as soon as possible. They can also estimate the color of young stems, such as the white cyan of white flowers, the deep purple of purple flowers and so on. Different shapes of cotyledons, true leaves and flowers.
Control of white rust
Symptoms mainly occur in leaves, petioles and tender stems, and there are light green spots on the leaves in the early stage of leaf injury. Then it gradually turns pale yellow, and the edge is not obvious. In severe cases, it will expand into a large lesion. In the later stage, white scar-like protrusions appeared on the back of the affected area. When it breaks, it releases white powder, which is the spore of the pathogen. When the tender stem is injured, it will cause flowers and stems to twist. When the lesion surrounds the petiole and tender tip, the host part above the girdle grows poorly, shrinks and dies.
Pathogen and Pathogenesis Pathogen is white rust fungus (albogiopomoaee-panduranae), a fungus belonging to the genus White rust. The pathogen overwinters as oospores in diseased tissues. In the spring of the following year, oospores germinate to produce sporangia and invade convolvulaceae plants such as morning glory. Generally, August-September is the peak period of onset. Morning glory can carry bacteria and become the source of infection in the following year.
Pay attention to prevent seedling damping-off, especially at seedling stage. In addition to disinfection, sparse sowing, sufficient light, good ventilation, suitable temperature and no excessive wet waterlogging can also greatly reduce the incidence rate. Once the disease occurs, the diseased plants should be pulled out in time, and soil irrigation with chemicals such as Pulik and Yishuangling and root disease treatment are generally easy to control. Sow in high temperature to prevent rot at seedling stage. Seedlings are generally not prone to diseases after growth, but some diseases can still occur due to the influence of cultivation environment, such as gray mold, Fusarium wilt, physiological diseases and so on. Prevention is the main measure, and carbendazim+streptomycin can be sprayed every 7 ~ 10 days. Once the disease occurs, it should be treated in time according to the actual situation. Pests should pay attention to the prevention and control of aphids, red spiders and cabbage caterpillars, especially the prevention and control of liriomyza sativae. Generally, it is easy to control pests by spraying relevant chemicals in time when they just occur.
Prevention and cure method
(1) clear the diseased plants in time and destroy them. Thereby reducing seed impregnation.
(2) Selecting and keeping disease-free seeds as breeding seeds, and sterilizing the seeds before sowing. Avoid rotation with convolvulaceae plants.
③ Spraying 1% Bordeaux solution or 500-fold solution of 50% Phytophthora every 10 ~ 15 days has a good control effect.
[Edit this paragraph] Value purpose
Morning glory (black ugly, white ugly, two ugly, morning glory)
Drug name: morning glory
Category: seed category
Chinese name: morning glory
Nicknames: black ugly, white ugly, two ugly, morning glory.
Source: seeds of morning glory of convolvulaceae.
Plant morphology: annual twining herb, the whole plant is densely covered with long white hair. Leaves alternate, broadly cordate, entire; The petiole is almost as long as the total pedicel. Inflorescence has 1 ~ 3 flowers; Sepals 5-parted, lobes ovate-lanceolate, about 1 cm long, apex and tail tip; Corolla white, blue-purple or purple-red, funnel-shaped, 5 ~ 8 cm long; Stamens 5; Ovary 3-loculed. The capsule is spherical. 5 ~ 6 seeds, ovoid, black or yellow-white. The flowering period is from June to September, and the fruiting period is 7-65438+1October.
Place of birth and growth: Born in bushes, villages and roadsides in Shan Ye; Cultivate more. It is distributed all over the country.
Picking: when the fruit is ripe in late autumn and the shell is not cracked, cut the plant, dry it in the sun, spread the seeds and remove impurities.
Chemical composition: contains morning glory, morning glory acid C, D, tiger acid, niacin, etc.
Sexual taste: cold in nature and bitter in taste; Toxic.
Indications: Purging water, relaxing bowels, eliminating phlegm, eliminating phlegm, killing insects and attacking accumulation. Can be used for treating edema, constipation, phlegm retention, qi deficiency, asthma, cough, abdominal pain due to worm accumulation, and ascariasis.
Note: It belongs to the same plant as morning glory, and the seeds of morning glory are also used as medicine.
Morning glory has high medicinal value. In the Ming Dynasty, there was a poem in Wu Kuan that praised: "Herbal medicine contains medicine, and morning glory is seen in grass. When the wind rises and the fence falls, the vines are well prepared. "
Modern pharmacological research shows that morning glory contains morning glory glycoside, morning glory acid A, gallic acid, rye hornbeam, wild wheat alkali and other components. , can stimulate the intestines, enhance peristalsis, and has a strong laxative effect. When taking it, you must take it in strict accordance with the amount, and you can't take more. The medicinal names of morning glory are Erugly, Black Ugly and White Ugly. Black ugliness is black morning glory, white ugliness is white morning glory, and second ugliness is a mixture of black and white ugliness.
Edible efficacy of morning glory;
It has the effects of relaxing bowels, diuresis, detumescence and expelling worms, and is mainly used for treating limb edema, nephritis edema, ascites due to liver cirrhosis, constipation, abdominal pain caused by parasite accumulation, etc.
[Edit this paragraph] Birthday flowers on August 6th.
Petunia
Flower language: reputation
Huabu: temperament, but I like to imitate the shrewdness of adults, which makes you look interesting. You are heterosexual and like to pursue mature love of adults, but how can you experience the world of adults when you are inexperienced? Be natural, and you will feel better.
Flower proverb: children pretend to be adults and put on airs.
Meaning of flowers: Older women seduce younger men. In ancient times, there was a saying that old cows eat tender grass, but now old grass attracts tender cows. When you meet a similar woman, you can say: Oh, you are morning glory.
The spirit of morning glory
Morning glory: love, calm, illusory; Penny: Security, care.
Morning glory has a common name "Qin Niangzi", as the name implies, it is a very hardworking flower. Whenever the rooster crows overhead, the hour hand still points to the place around the word "4", and the morning glory branches around the fence will open a trumpet-shaped flower. In the morning, people enjoy the fresh air while enjoying the flowers dotted among the green leaves. It's really interesting.