Nerium indicum is a woody plant belonging to Nerium indicum family. Its varieties are crimson, pink and pure white. Oleander, also known as willow, is native to Iran and India. It likes warm, humid and sunny environment, has poor cold resistance, is more resistant to shade and drought, and is suitable for deep and fertile sandy soil. Red and white flowers bloom in summer, which has the characteristics of evergreen bamboo leaves and delicate peach blossoms.
Oleander has flowers like peach blossoms and leaves like bamboo leaves, hence the name.
Question 2: The writing background story of Oleander The Oleander was originally a qualitative and beautiful essay written by Mr. Ji. 1959, Ji Xianlin, as a non-governmental diplomatic envoy, was invited to attend the 50th anniversary seminar of Myanmar Research Association. He came across a common oleander in a foreign country, which aroused his infinite reverie and inspired his creative enthusiasm. He wrote this essay, which was published in People's Literature in June 1963. In the second half of the article, he wrote about the oleander in Myanmar and its symbolic significance, which are his real experiences and feelings. However, the first half of the prose is the writer's childhood memory. The first half of the essay is selected from the eleventh volume of the Chinese textbook for primary schools published by Jiangsu Education Publishing House, which has been deleted. In the article, Teacher Wang described the precious tenacity of oleander and the touching scene of fans leaving, and expressed the author's love for oleander, so he was called "oleander confidant" by Zong Pu. Every time I read this article, I will be immersed in the artistic conception of the article, and even I can't help falling in love with oleander. There are many oleanders in the community where my family lives. I used to walk in the community and always turn a blind eye. After learning Ji Lao's article, I will subconsciously read it twice every time I walk, and at the same time recall the sentences in the article in my mind, which will make me feel much more cordial.
This text has a rigorous structure and distinct levels. At the beginning of the article, the author directly points out the topic with turning complex sentences and sets the emotional tone of the article: "oleander is not a precious flower, nor is it the most beautiful flower;" However, for me, it is the most unforgettable flower. " This sentence expresses the author's personal love for oleander-"the most unforgettable", which arouses readers' interest in reading.
Question 3: When does oleander bloom? Nerium mdcum, also known as willow, is red for half a year. Apocynaceae, Apocynum. Because its flowers are like peaches and leaves are like bamboo, it is named. Colorful, or pink, like peach blossoms, rich and gorgeous; Still pure white, clean as snow, crystal clear, has been appreciated by people since ancient times. Cultivated everywhere, it is an excellent flowering shrub that blooms in summer and autumn and can resist pollution.
(1) Morphological characteristics and varieties
Evergreen shrub, the plant height can reach 4 meters to 5 meters, the crown is spread out, the branches are upright and smooth, clustered, the tender branches are angular, the branches are thick, and most of them grow in a trigeminal shape. Leaves lanceolate, usually 3-4 petals, middle and lower branches opposite, thick leathery, obvious midvein, entire, short stalk, and a small amount of milk in branches and leaves. The cymes are terminal, the corolla is funnel-shaped, 5-lobed, the petals are wrinkled, the lobes are twisted to the right, pink to crimson, mostly double and semi-double. The flowering period is long, from June to 10, and there are flowers one after another. The fruit is long and round, and there are many horticultural varieties, such as white oleander and red oleander.
(2) Ecological habits
Oleander is native to India, Iran and Afghanistan. It likes warm and humid climate, and its cold tolerance is not strong. It can be planted in the open field south of the Yangtze River valley in China, but sometimes branches and leaves freeze or even seedlings freeze to death in Nanjing. In the north, potted plants can only be used for viewing and indoor wintering. White flower varieties have stronger cold tolerance than red flower varieties. Nerium oleander is not resistant to water and humidity, so it is required to choose a place with high dryness and good drainage for planting. Like light and fat, it can also adapt to shady environment, but it is planted in the shade with few flowers and light color. Strong ability to resist air pollution, sulfur dioxide, chlorine, smoke and other toxic gases, strong absorption capacity, is an excellent tree species for greening and decoration of industrial, mining and railway platforms. Strong germination, easy to recover after the tree is damaged.
(3) Breeding methods
Cutting propagation is the main method, which can also be divided into plants and layering. Cuttings can be carried out in spring and summer. Soak the base of cuttings in clean water for about 10 days, keep them fresh, take root early after cuttings, and have high survival rate. Specifically, the 1 ~ 2-year-old branches cutted in spring are cut into 15 cm ~ 20 cm stem segments, and about 20 branches are tied into a bundle, and the stem segments with the water depth of 1/3 are immersed in clean water, and the water with the same temperature is changed every L ~ 2 days, and the temperature is controlled at 20℃ ~. Because of the strong ability to sprout tillers at the base of the old stem of oleander, a large number of tender branches are often produced, so the tender branches can be fully used for cutting in summer. Choosing cuttings with semi-lignified degree, keeping the top three leaflets inserted in the substrate, paying attention to timely shading and water management, the survival rate is also very high. When layering propagation, the embedded part should be cut or circumcised first and buried in the soil. It can be cut from the mother body in about 2 months and transplanted with soil in the second year.
(4) Cultivation techniques
Nerium indicum has strong adaptability, easy cultivation and management, and can be widely planted on the ground and in potted plants. Where it is planted in the field, it should be transplanted in spring, and it should be re-cut when transplanting. Pay attention to protection in winter. Branches and leaves are vulnerable to scale insects, so attention should be paid to prevention and control.
Potted oleander requires good drainage and sufficient fertility. Sprouting in spring needs pruning. For long branches and twigs in plants, they can be cut off from the base. If the inner cavity is too dense, some branches should be thinned to make the branches evenly distributed and the tree shape full. /kloc-Change the pots once after 0/~ 2 years, and change the pots after pruning. Summer is the period of vigorous growth and flowering of oleander, which needs a lot of water. In addition to watering once every morning and evening, if the soil in the pot is too dry, water should be sprayed again to prevent the tender branches from wilting and affect the life of flowers. After September, it is necessary to conserve water, inhibit the continued growth of plants, make branches mature, and increase the accumulation of nutrients, so as to facilitate safe wintering. The overwintering temperature should be maintained at 8℃~ 10℃, and the leaves will fall below 0℃.
Nerium indicum is a fertilizer-loving plant. Potted plants should be fertilized once a month during the growing period in addition to adequate base fertilizer.
(5) Appreciation and application
In the summer with few flowers, oleander blooms for nearly 4 months, which is a rare summer flowering tree species. It can be planted around buildings, parks, green spaces, roadsides, Chi Pan and other areas, and is more suitable for planting in industrial and mining areas and along railways to achieve the purpose of pollution prevention.
Stems and leaves are poisonous, so attention should be paid to pruning and cutting.
Question 4: Where is Rabin Delanat, Tagore's hometown? Tagore (186 1 May 7th-194 1 August 7th) is an Indian poet, philosopher and Indian nationalist. 19/kloc-won Nobel Prize in Literature in 0/3, and was the first Asian to win Nobel Prize in Literature.
Tagore was born in Calcutta, India, a well-educated and wealthy family. His father is a local Hindu leader. In foreign countries, Tagore is generally regarded as a poet, but rarely regarded as a philosopher, but in India, the two are often the same. His poems contain profound religious and philosophical views. For Tagore, his poems are his gifts to God, and he himself is the pursuer of God. His poems enjoy an epic status in India. He himself is regarded as a saint by many Hindus.
In addition to poetry, Tagore wrote novels, essays, travel notes, plays and more than 2,000 songs. His poems are mainly written in Bengali, where his poems are very popular.
The content of his prose is mainly social, political and educational, and his poems mainly describe nature and life besides religious content. In Tagore's poems, life itself and its diversity are the reasons for joy. At the same time, his love (including patriotism) is also one of the contents of his poems.
Tagore's poems are used in the national anthems of India and Bangladesh. Villefort? Owen and William? Butler? Ye Zhi was deeply moved by his poems. With Ye Zhi's encouragement, Tagore personally translated his Jitan Cangli (meaning "Hungry Stone") into English, for which he won the Nobel Prize in Literature of 19 13.
Tagore supported the Indian independence movement in the early days, but later alienated it. He was the first person to refuse the knighthood conferred by the British king for the *** 19 19 Zalenwala Garden Massacre.
He opposed the education system established by Britain in India, and opposed this "artificial", completely obedient, dead-endorsed and out of touch with natural schools. Therefore, he established a school designed according to his vision in his hometown, which is the predecessor of Vishwa-bharathi University.
In his poems, Tagore also expressed his despair and sorrow for the war, but his hope for peace had no political factors. He hopes that all people can live in a perfect and peaceful world.
Tagore traveled many times, which made him understand many different cultures and the differences between them. His description of eastern and western cultures is by far the most delicate of its kind.
Rabindranath Tagore (1861~1941) is a famous Indian poet, writer, artist and social activist. 19 13 to obtain Nobel Prize in Literature. Born in Calcutta, a family rich in philosophy, literature and art, 13 years old can write long poems and ode poems. 1878 went to study in Britain, 1880 returned to China, specializing in literary activities. 1884 to 19 1 1, secretary of the Vatican Institute, founded an international university in the 1920s. 194 1 year, he wrote his famous last words, Crisis of Civilization, accusing the British colonial rule and believing that the motherland would be liberated independently. Tagore is a writer with great world influence. He wrote more than 50 poems and was called a poet and saint. He wrote 12 novellas, 100 short stories, more than 20 plays and a large number of literary, philosophical and political works, and created 1500 paintings and countless songs. Literature, history, philosophy, art, politics, economy and other categories are almost all-encompassing. His works reflect the Indian people's strong desire to change their destiny under the oppression of imperialism and feudal caste system, and describe their indomitable struggle. They are full of distinctive patriotism and democratic spirit, rich in national style and characteristics, and have high artistic value, which is deeply loved by the people. His important poems include story poems (1900), Gitanjali (19 10), crescent moon (19 13) and birds (19655). Important novels include the short stories Paying off the Debt (189 1), Abandonment (1893), Suba (1893) and Life or Death? (1892), Moya (1892), the sun and dark clouds (1894), the novella Four Men (19 16), and the novel shipwreck (.
Question 5: Information about oleander oleander (oleander, willow) is an evergreen shrub, 5 meters high, watery and hairless. 3-4 impellers, opposite to the lower part of the branch, narrowly lanceolate, long11-kloc-0/5 cm, wide 2-2.5 cm, and light green at the lower part; Lateral veins are flat, dense and parallel. Cymes are terminal; Calyx erect; Corolla deep red, fragrant, double; Corona scaly, apical tear. The fruit is oblong, with a length of 10-23 cm and a diameter of 1.5-2 cm. The top of the seed has yellow-brown seed hair. Originally from Iran, it is now widely planted in tropical and subtropical regions; It is cultivated in all provinces and regions of China. Stem bark fiber is an excellent blended raw material and can also be used as a tonic; Roots and bark contain cardiac glycoside and phthalein crystals and a small amount of essential oil; Stems and leaves can be used as pesticides, and stems and leaves and flowers are toxic. The milky juice it secretes contains a toxic substance called oleanolin, which will be poisoned if eaten by mistake. Scientific name of oleander: oleander, alias: willow, semi-annual red family genus: oleander gardens are often cultivated as ornamental plants. Stem bark fiber is an excellent blended raw material; Leaves and stem bark are highly toxic, so use them with caution when decocting or grinding. It can strengthen the heart, induce diuresis, relieve asthma and relieve pain. Used for heart failure, wheezing and coughing, epilepsy, traumatic injury and swelling and pain. It can also be used to make pesticides, which is fatal to people and animals. This species has strong resistance to toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide and chlorine. Roots and bark contain cardiac glycosides, phenolic crystals and a small amount of essential oil.