Interpretation of Zhile Title "Zhile" is the two words in the first sentence, which means the greatest happiness.
what is the greatest happiness in life? How should people treat life and death? The content of this article is to discuss and answer such questions. The full text is naturally divided into seven parts.
in the first part, after five consecutive questions, I list and criticize the world's views on bitterness and happiness one by one, pointing out that there has never been any real happiness, and the so-called "supreme happiness" means "no happiness". In the second part, I wrote the story of Zhuangzi's wife singing when she died, and pointed out from Zhuangzi's mouth that life and death are the aggregation and dispersion of qi, just like the change of four seasons.
In the third part, it is pointed out that "death and life are like day and night", and people can only adapt to this natural change. The fourth part is about "returning to the labor of the world", and writing about the detention and toil of life in the world through the mouth of a skull.
in the fifth part, we tell a fable story from Confucius' mouth, pointing out that man-made coercion can only create disaster, and everything has to be left to its own devices. The sixth part, to "give fruit to be happy", points out that life and death are not enough to be sad and happy.
The rest is the seventh part, which describes the evolution of species. Of course, this evolution process is unscientific and unfounded. Its purpose is to show that everything comes from "machine" and returns to "machine", and people are no exception; Thus taking care of the first paragraph, there is no "happiness" in life, and human death and life are only a natural change. The original text is the happiest in the world. Is there anyone who can live? Today's ridicule is based on it? Avoid it? Why don't you go? Xi le Xi evil? Those who are respected in the world are rich and good (1); Those who are happy, the body is safe, the taste is beautiful, and the sound is lascivious; Those who go down (2) are poor and evil; Those who suffer should not be comfortable in body, thick in mouth, beautiful in appearance, lustful in eyes, or audible in ears; If you don't, you will be afraid of it.
it is also stupid for its shape. If the husband is rich, he will work hard, accumulate more money and not use it all, which is also external (3).
those who have a rich husband are busy day and night, thinking about whether they are good or not, and their appearance is also sparse. People are born with worries, and those who live long are worried (4). If you are worried for a long time, why bother! Its shape is also far away.
Martyrs have seen the good for the world (5), which is not enough to live. I don't know whether good is honest, good is evil, and good is not evil? If you think that it is good, it is not enough to live; I thought it was not good enough for the living.
Therefore, it is said, "If you don't listen to loyal advice, don't fight (6)." Therefore, the master's dispute is based on the residual shape (7), and the name will not be achieved without dispute.
is there any goodness? I don't know what the common people do and what they enjoy, but whether they enjoy evil or not. I look at what my husband enjoys, and those who are interested in the group (8), if they are forced to do so (9), and all those who are happy, I am not happy (1), and I am not unhappy. Is it fun without fun? I am sincere and happy with inaction, but I am also suffering from vulgarity.
therefore, it is said, "To be happy without happiness is to have no reputation." The world is uncertain about right and wrong.
although inaction can determine right and wrong. Live a happy life, only do nothing and save a few (11).
please try to say it. Heaven's inaction is clear (12), and earth's inaction is peaceful, so the two inaction are combined and everything is transformed (13).
it's almost fluorene (14), but it's not beyond (15)! Fluorene is almost brilliant, but nothing is like it (16)! All things (17) are from nothing (18). Therefore, it is said that heaven and earth do nothing, and no one can do nothing! Is there the greatest happiness in the world or not? Is there anything that can survive or not? Now, what should be done and on what basis? What's to avoid and what's to feel at ease? Close to what and give up what? What do you like and hate? What people in the world respect and value is wealth, nobility, longevity and good name; What I like is physical comfort, rich food, beautiful clothes, gorgeous colors and beautiful music; What is considered low is poverty, humbleness, short life and notoriety; What is painful and troublesome is that the body can't get comfortable and comfortable, the mouth can't get delicious food, the appearance can't get beautiful clothes, the eyes can't see gorgeous colors, and the ears can't hear sweet music; If you can't get these things, you will be greatly sad and worried. The above-mentioned methods of treating your body shape are really stupid! Rich people, tired and diligent, have accumulated a lot of wealth but can't enjoy it all, so it's too unimportant to treat their bodies like that.
Noble people think hard day and night about how to preserve their power and wealth, so it is too neglected to treat their bodies like that. People live in the world, and sorrow will follow. People who live long are smeared all day long and stay in trouble for a long time without dying. How painful it is! It would be too distant to treat your body like that.
A strong-willed man shows the behavior of sacrificing his life for the world, but it is not enough to survive. I don't know whether such behavior is really good or not. If it is considered a good behavior, it is not enough to survive itself; If you think it is not a good behavior, it is enough to make others survive.
So: "Loyal advice is not accepted, so step aside and stop arguing." Wu Zixu was so loyal that he was tortured. If he didn't strive to remonstrate, his reputation as a loyal minister would not be achieved.
is it really good or not? I don't know if what the world is doing and rejoicing in now is really happiness, or is it not? I observed what the world rejoiced in, and everyone tried their best to pursue it. It really seemed that they would never give up until they reached their goal. Everyone says that this is the happiest thing, but I don't think it is happiness, and of course I don't think it is not happiness.
So, is there really happiness or not? I think inaction is true happiness, but it is also the most painful and annoying thing for secular people. Therefore, "the greatest happiness is no happiness, and the greatest honor is no honor."
the right and wrong in the world is really uncertain. Even so, the viewpoint and attitude of inaction can determine right and wrong.
the greatest happiness is to keep yourself alive, and inaction is the closest thing to keeping yourself alive. Please let me talk about this.
The sky is empty and Ming Che is empty because of inaction, and the earth is turbid and quiet because of inaction. When the two inaction of heaven and earth are combined, everything can change and grow. In a trance, I don't know where it came from! Vaguely, without a trace! There are many things, all of which reproduce from inaction.
so, Tianhe. 2. Who can translate Yang Jiang's prose into classical Chinese?
Reading is bitter.
My husband will spread his books to learn, so it is appropriate to work hard. Those who want to study, write and seek a degree should study hard. Wu Liugong likes reading. If he was born in this life, it is not difficult for him to become an equal, or to enter Longtuge, or to get a TOEFL? Yu Wei is worried about his political and economic difficulties. Isn't this the reason why he "doesn't ask for a very good solution"? I feel guilty when I have tasted it, and I show my book to "seek the enjoyment of my heart." Yu Siwei accepted the ear. I also regard myself as sincere and not hard to study. However, "having fun" is not a desire. This language can be said by those who know it, but it is not enough for outsiders.
if I study, I will visit a sage-an "invisible" visit. I don't need to be familiar with the teachers or celebrities I admire, and I don't need to worry about disturbing the Lord. The exhibition volume is entered into the door, and several pages are opened to enter the room; And you can go through it, at all times, if you can't get to the point, you can leave without saying goodbye, or you can find another clever way to quality. No matter where Cao Cao's pilgrims are in China and foreign countries, whatever they do, their chanting and banter can be fully heard. When Cao Kejing heard that Confucius' disciples recalled his last words, he might as well ask with a smile, "Mencius, whose words must be called' benevolence and righteousness'", was born in this world, or did he worship Marxism-Leninism? My Cao can guard Socrates' side at the moment of his execution and smell his words; You can also omit and doubt the "Jin Yu Liang Yan" written by Stoic Epictes. My Cao can listen to the anecdotes of the previous dynasties, and he can also be talked about from this world to the new. If the words are not speculative or hard to hear, you may wish to withdraw them, or slam their doors-or say them, slam their volumes-without anger. The freedom that is hard to get outside this book!
in the pot hung by Hu Gong, there is another sun, moon and dried Kun. All the writers-whether they are scripts, dramas, biographies, travel notes, diaries, or even ci-fu, all have their own lives in between. I don't need to go to Cao Cao's place, so I can get a close look at all the imitations or "lifelike" body double, only by opening a page, entering its real scene and meeting its real person. Or the cloud "but you widen your view three hundred miles, by going up one flight of stairs"! Its foot on the other side of the earth, my Cao Shang can see it, and it will arrive in a moment. Although the ancients said that books are "vast", the world of books is "and heaven remains our neighbourhood", which is by no means an idealistic metaphor. The world is big and unimpeded. The Buddha said "three thousand worlds" is very big. What about the realm of books? "The present world", "the past is sincere" and "the future world" are all-encompassing, running through the three worlds. However, my Cao can read here at will without leaving home, and ask for a teacher at any time. Who says that scholars are contemptuous, indifferent and concerned about the world? In this case, those who have experienced it are abundant, and those who can know it are numerous.
I often "visit" books, so I can get rid of a little foolishness and gain wisdom. Don't be afraid of those who are hypocritical and full of rhetoric and are good at being a teacher. Those who ban others because their homes have not been opened vertically, but their relatives and friends are comfortable with them, and their true makeup is self-evident. I tried to cross the Gao Qiao of the Seine River in Paris by car, and saw beggars under the bridge, who took scavenging as their service and gave them a reward for keeping out the cold. It's not my eyes that can turn, so I can taste the rest to suit the place. However, I regret that the "body" that was "hidden" but still existed when my Cao "visited" was eventually a common bone. My Cao disdains Buddha's eye, and has seen the prajnaparamita of the world for thousands of years, only remembering Zhuangzi's remark that "life is limited and knowledge is limited". I, Cao Wei, ephemerality's insect (but not the worm of the Great Sage), entered the book world, climbed here, stopped there, or met the right person, heard the pleasant words, or occasionally got the heart to ask, but if the mind was alive, it was happy to forget the words. Is this "joy" the same as "seeking enjoyment"? 3. Classical Chinese with pleasure in suffering < P > Yu was fond of learning when he was young. Because of poverty in the home, unable to get books to read, often borrow money from the library, copy it personally, and send it back on the appointed day. When the weather is cold, the water in Yanchi is frozen solid ice, the fingers can not extend, I still do not relax reading. After copying, please return home, dare not to slightly exceed the agreed time limit. Therefore, there are many people
books are used as a holiday, and I have to read all the books. Since the crown is added, it is beneficial to admire the sage. He also suffers from celebrities and tourists who have no masters, and he tastes hundreds of miles away from the hometown to ask questions. The senior men of honor, the Yemeni students crowded with his room, his words and attitudes have never been slightly tactful. Yu
stood around waiting for help, leaning over to ask for help; Or when you encounter it, the more respectful you are, the more courteous you are, and you dare not say a word; As soon as it is happy, please ask again. So I am stupid, and finally get a lot of lessons. When I was a teacher, I was dragged along.
I walked in the deep mountains and valleys, where the snow was several feet deep and my skin was chapped without knowing it. After the house, the limbs were stiff and unable to move, the servant gave me the hot water, covered with the quilt cover, after a long time to warm. If you stay with your master, you will eat again every day, and there will be no fresh and fat taste.
All the students in the same room were embroidered with flowers, wearing a hat decorated with Zhu Ying's treasure, a ring of white jade around their waist, a sword on their left and a stinking face on their right, making them look like gods. I was dressed in my robe, but I was not a bit sentimental. Because the heart has enough to make oneself happy, do not feel that the enjoyment of food is inferior to others. Gai
is diligent and difficult. 4.
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— The translation of the ancient prose of the story of hardship. The thatched hall and the thatched hall are located on the top of the basket mountain, which is high on all sides and low in the middle. The basket mountain is in Lishui County, Zhejiang Province today, and there is a stream flowing out from the corner of the mountain. The cliffs on all sides of the mountain are pulled up, and the cliffs are all in Cang Shi. There are many white clouds under the mountain and many north winds on the mountain. Because the wind comes from the north, which is less gentle and more tough, the plants growing here have a bitter taste, but the bitter plants can live happily in this bitter environment. As a result, the trees of Cortex Phellodendri, Melia azedarach and Platycladus orientalis, the grass of Rhizoma Coptidis and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, the rehmannia root, the winter vegetables, the grass bucket and the bamboo shoots of bitter bamboo are all distributed everywhere and listed for growth. The nest of wild bees is built in it, collecting pollen as honey, and the taste of honey is also extremely bitter. The native dialect in the mountains calls this honey Huangdu. When you start eating, the taste is particularly bitter. After a while, you can feel its dryness and sweetness, which can relieve summer heat and get rid of the disease of dryness and heat. Although the tea produced by the trees here is very bitter, people like to drink it. Although, here, a small fish with patterns produced by streams looks ugly and tastes bitter and spicy, it can sober up.
Because this mountain is far from where people live, and Mr. Zhang Yi loves living here, friends who like to associate with Mr. Zhang deeply feel the hardship and fatigue of going out early and returning late, so they take their own boy servants with them and choose a room to live in. Here, they eat the fallen shells of bamboo shoots collected in the mountains, some beans planted by themselves, and some tender buds of trees and grass. Here, they either climb mountains, or face streams, or sit around slender trees singing and howling. If they meet a woodcutter who comes out of the forest singing, they will hit the rocks with stones and sing. What these people do brings them happiness that we ordinary people can't understand.
Mr. Zhang Yi said, "Happiness and bitterness depend on each other. People only know that joy is joy, but they don't know that suffering can also be joy. People only know joy, but they don't know that suffering is also brought by joy. How far is it from reality, suffering and joy? Today, there are rich brothers who sit in a beautiful house in China. They don't taste bitter vegetables. They don't work hard. They sleep with thick bedding and eat delicacies. They are carried in and out by servants. All their experiences are exactly what people call happiness. But once their luck runs out, their blessings stop and they fall into poverty, they don't know that their intestines, which are drunk with alcohol and full of fat, can no longer carry and fill poor food. They have long been used to soft quilt bodies, and they can no longer wear clothes woven with grass. Although, they also want to live a normal life, but they will be embarrassed in front of this life. They want to live like bitter trees, but they have lost their ability to survive like bitter trees. Isn't this the pain brought to today because the past was too greedy for pleasure? Therefore, Mencius said,' If heaven is going to be a great task to people, we must first suffer their minds, work their bones and muscles, and starve their bodies and skins.' The inexplicable family also said,' Good medicine tastes bitter and is good for illness, but advice when unpleasant is good for action.' You can bear hardships, which is my pleasure, and you only know pleasure, which is my pain. I heard that the sweet well dried up first, and the plums that were not picked next to the roadside were mostly bitter plums. Fu Cha perished with debauchery, while Gou Jian prospered with courage. Are all these examples? "
After listening to these words, I realized a lot, so I named it" Kuzhai "and wrote" Kuzhai Ji ".