Black spot nevus is a kind of pigmented nevus, which often attracts special attention because of its local blackening, rough skin and long hard and short hair. Attention should be paid to moles that occur in parts of the body that are vulnerable to friction or injury, such as rapid growth and increase of the body, fading or deepening of the color, shedding of short hairs on the mole, redness around the mole, faintly visible bloodshot, festering and scabbing on the surface, and even forming lasting ulcers. Nearby lymph node enlargement, or some small satellite-like nevus around the big nevus, all indicate that the nevus has a tendency to malignant transformation. You should go to the hospital to ask a dermatologist and a surgeon for diagnosis, so as to deal with it in time. For the treatment of black spot nevus, small nevus with a diameter less than 0.5 cm can be cauterized by laser or high frequency electrotome. Its advantages are simple operation, less damage to normal tissues and less scar after healing. The disadvantage is that it is difficult to take the nevus tissue for pathological examination and it is not easy to remove it. There are also freezing and chemical etching to remove moles, because the impurities left behind stimulate the malignant transformation of nevus cells, which is not suitable. Resection of pigmented nevus by trephine can make up for the above shortcomings. After local skin anesthesia, the whole pigmented nevus is drilled with a trephine 0.2 cm larger than the diameter of the nevus, and the incision can be sutured with fine thread. Because the long axis of the incision is consistent with the skin lines or expression lines, the postoperative scar is not obvious and the cosmetic effect is good.
Second, should we get rid of all the bigger moles?
If there is a mole, but it does not affect the appearance, it is best not to touch it, because the mole is an hemangioma, and it is easy to hurt the subcutaneous blood vessels if it is removed. If it is a mole as big as a small fingernail, especially a mole that will grow up slowly, it is very necessary to remove it. Hemangiomas are also tumors and may become cancerous. In particular, the longer and bigger the tumor, the greater the probability of canceration. You can observe that if this mole really didn't grow out at the age of thirteen and didn't stand out gradually, it's actually not a big problem. You can do it yourself for beauty when you grow up. If it continues to grow, it is recommended to tell your family. Although the probability of getting cancer is not great, it is still for the sake of health, so don't be too superstitious.
Moles often begin to appear after the age of two. It can occur in the skin and mucous membranes of any part of the body. The lesions are flat or slightly raised maculopapules or maculopapules, and they can also be hemispherical, papilloma-like or pedicled, with or without hair, and the number can be single, several to dozens. Because of the different types and contents of pigments in nevus cells, lesions can be brown, blue-black or black, and non-pigmented lesions are mostly skin color. According to the different positions of nevus cells in the skin, it can be divided into borderline nevus, mixed nevus and intradermal nevus. The flat lesions suggest borderline nevus, and the slightly higher lesions are mostly mixed nevus, while papilloma-like lesions and almost all hemispherical pedicled lesions are intradermal nevus. The disease progresses slowly, and most of them have no conscious symptoms. Nevus with atypical appearance may become malignant, such as dark nevus, uneven pigment, uneven or irregular edge, unclear boundary, asymmetric left and right, and statistically larger than 5 mm in diameter. Nevus growing in nail groove and nails, limbs, oral mucosa, conjunctiva, vagina and foreskin are more likely to become malignant melanoma than those growing in other places.
Third, the principle of removing moles
Nevus are benign tumors of human skin and redundant melanocytes in human skin layer, which can be divided into three types: borderline nevus, mixed nevus and intradermal nevus. Generally harmless to the human body, it is found on everyone's skin and is irregularly distributed; If it is not handled properly, such as frequent stimulation or incomplete resection during treatment, some will become cancerous.
It must be noted that no matter what type of mole, it is deep. If you want to completely remove it, it will inevitably destroy the growth layer of the skin and lead to scars. Nowadays, the method of removing moles in the street or beauty salon is actually a method of corrosion, so that the moles on the epidermis are destroyed along with the skin. Because it grows fast, the new skin will temporarily show normal skin without pigment, which is called removing moles without leaving scars; If there is no scar on the mole, there must be residue. It won't be long before the moles remaining in the deep skin will germinate again like grass in spring. This is the case that many people relapse after a few months of mole removal. Perhaps many people think that recurrence after nevus removal is a matter of a few people, but from the growth position of nevus, recurrence is inevitable as long as it is not completely removed; Recurrent moles have a certain chance of canceration, especially after repeated treatment, which is the most dangerous. Therefore, if you want to go to the hospital, it is best not to go to the street or beauty salon; If you go to the hospital to remove moles, you usually use a laser to completely remove moles from the roots. Although it will leave a small scar, modern cosmetic methods are enough to make such a small scar inconspicuous!