Second, grow blueberries.
It is best to choose clay pots for planting blueberries. Pottery pots are breathable and cheap, but the disadvantage is that black ash is not very beautiful. If you can't buy pottery pots, you can choose pottery pots, followed by purple sand pots and plastic pots. Never use glazed porcelain pots. As for the size of the pot, for 2-3-year-old seedlings, choose a pot with a diameter of 25-30 cm, and avoid large pots for small seedlings. When you grow up, change a big basin. Mature plants of 4 ~ 5 years, of course, the bigger the better.
Blueberries can grow healthily in acidic medium, and the pH value of cultivated soil is between 4 and 5, which is most suitable for blueberry growth.
This problem has troubled many blueberry lovers, because the pH value of pastoral soil is generally between 6 and 7, and even the acid soil sold in the flower and bird market has a minimum pH value of between 5.5 and 6.
Blueberries need refrigeration. The so-called cold storage capacity means that it usually takes X hours for blueberries to blossom and bear fruit normally. Question 2: When will blueberries blossom and bear fruit, and how many years will new seedlings bear fruit? I bought several three-year-old blueberry seedlings last month and found them online. It will take about three years to bear fruit, and it will take about four or five years to stabilize the fruit. But my seedling has only two branches, and it didn't even have leaves when it was delivered. I can't say how big they are and I can't confirm their varieties. I'm going to wait for two years to grow up. If I buy good seedlings, I will probably bear good fruit in the next year.
Question 3: How long does it take for blueberries to blossom and bear fruit? Blueberries are shrubs, which generally begin to blossom and bear fruit in the second year, but in comparison, the yield will be very small. It is not until the third year that the normal output can be reached.
Question 4: When do blueberries bloom? Blueberries bloom from February to April.
The flowers of blueberries are racemes. Inflorescences mostly lateral, sometimes terminal. Flowers solitary or paired in leaf axils. Blueberry buds usually grow at the top of branches. In spring, flower buds germinate for 3-4 weeks before reaching full bloom. When the flower bud germinates, the leaf bud begins to grow, and it does not germinate to a suitable length until the full flowering period.
Blueberries are shrubs, each cluster should have 25-30 fruiting branches, which will blossom and bear fruit in the next year, but the yield is small. In the third year, they have an appropriate output. In the fifth year, it entered the high-yield period, with a life span of 50 years, an average yield of 3-6 kilograms per plant and an average fruit weight of 2 grams. Generally, about 300 plants are planted per mu, and the average yield is 1500-2000 kg. Blueberries are adaptable and like acidic soil. Generally, the pH value of soil is required to be 4.5-5.5. The soil should be soft, the organic matter content is generally 8%- 12%, and it likes to be wet and has poor drought resistance. Its main variety is high-bush blueberry, with a plant height of about 2 meters, which can withstand the low temperature of -25-30℃, and the general value is 330 plants per mu; Semi-high cluster blueberry, plant height 1.0- 1.2m, low temperature tolerance of -35-38℃, generally 330 plants per mu; Dwarf blueberries, with a plant height of 0.5 meters, can withstand low temperature above -40℃, and generally yield 500-800 plants per mu, which is suitable for cold cultivation. Blueberry seedling raising techniques can adopt root tiller propagation, root strip propagation, cutting propagation and tissue culture propagation.
Question 5: How long does it take for blueberries to bloom, and how long does it take from flowering to fruiting? It takes about 30 days for strawberries to ripen from flowering to fruiting, so the average temperature during this period is about 30℃, or it can ripen in 20 days, while it takes about 60 days for strawberries to ripen under heat preservation cultivation in winter. The optimum temperature for flowering is about 25℃ and the humidity is about 80%. Growth is inhibited above 30℃, and it is vulnerable to chilling injury at low temperature below 1-2℃.
Question 6: Blueberries are blooming. How can we make them bear fruit? Blueberries are blooming, how can we make them bear fruit?
Blueberries are pollinated by insects after flowering. If they are planted together, they need artificial pollination. For seedlings over 5 years old, as long as the nutrition can keep up, the flower amount can be determined according to the tree potential.
The following management should be paid attention to during the result period:
1. Soil management: Blueberry root system is shallow, slender and hairless, which requires loose soil and good ventilation.
① Clear tillage method. It can be cleared from early spring to August, which is unfavorable for its wintering after autumn. Clear tillage is usually used to plant Vaccinium myrtillus in sandy loam. The suitable cleaning depth is 5 ~ 10 cm, which is easy to damage the root system.
② Planting grass. Use grass between rows. Compared with clear tillage, planting grass is also beneficial to increase yield, which has the advantages of maintaining soil moisture and facilitating mechanized operation.
③ Soil cover. Soil mulching is widely used in blueberry production, which has many functions, such as increasing soil organic matter, improving soil structure, regulating and maintaining soil moisture, reducing soil pH value, controlling weeds and so on.
2. Fertilization: It is recommended to use organic fertilizer. The excessive use of chemical fertilizers in agricultural land in China has caused serious pollution, which eventually led to a reduction in land production or even a complete loss.
① Fertilization type. The effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer mixed with organic fertilizer is better than that of single fertilizer; The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is1:1:1. Ammonium nitrogen fertilizer such as ammonium sulfate is superior to nitrate nitrogen fertilizer; Blueberries are sensitive to chlorine. Do not use chlorine-containing fertilizers such as ammonium chloride and potassium chloride.
② Fertilization method and period. Sorghum and rabbit eye blueberry can be ditched, and the suitable depth is 10 ~ 15 cm. Fertilization should be carried out before germination in early spring, or 1 time at berry maturity.
③ Fertilization amount. Excessive fertilization can easily damage blueberry trees and even kill the whole tree. Therefore, the determination of fertilization amount should be very cautious, and it must be based on soil fertility and tree nutrition.
3. Irrigation: Blueberries have shallow roots and like to be wet, so they need to be irrigated in time. Pay attention to water source and water quality in blueberry irrigation. Deep well water usually has high pH value and high content of sodium and calcium. Long-term use will affect the growth and yield of blueberries. During irrigation, the pH value can be adjusted to about 4.5 ~ 5.5 with sulfuric acid before irrigation, but acidic water should be irrigated every three times.
Question 7: Why can't blueberries blossom and bear fruit?
First, the purchase time and management of potted blueberry seedlings
Potted seedlings can be planted all year round, and the best time is from autumn to the next spring before germination. The seedlings in this period are easy to transport, and the management and planting are relatively simple. After planting in autumn, a small amount of flowers and fruits can be produced in the second year and normal flowers and fruits can be produced in the third year. After the fifth year, blueberries can be potted at home and managed properly, and the fruiting period can last for 35 years. Potted blueberry
2. Tree species selection of potted blueberry seedlings
Rabbit eye blueberry, Sharp and O 'Neill are not self-pollinated, so pollination trees must be equipped to bear full fruits. It is not easy to choose this variety for family potted plants. Dwarf shrubs are only suitable for outdoor planting in the north, and other varieties can be used for family potted plants.
Three. Soil requirements
Blueberries like acidic, soft, loose and breathable soil rich in organic matter. Generally, the soil pH value is 4.5 ~ 5.5, and the soil organic matter content is generally 8% ~ 12%. Home potted plants can buy humus common in flower markets. According to their own conditions, add humus moss or peat, sawdust, rotten pine bark and other organic matter, and add sulfur once a month until the leaves come out.
Fourth, the container
It is recommended to use a well-ventilated earthen basin, followed by a sand basin, and then a plastic basin. It is not recommended to use a pottery or porcelain basin.
Because blueberries are fibrous roots and shallow roots, large pots are not needed, and deep pots are not allowed. 15cm pots are recommended for young seedlings, 25cm pots for finished seedlings, and large pots are not allowed for young seedlings.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) climatic conditions
A very important factor to ensure the fruiting of potted blueberries is to ensure that blueberries can withstand low temperature dormancy below 7.2℃ in winter, and the lowest temperature they can tolerate varies with different varieties. For example, as a flower viewing, there is no need for low temperature restrictions.
Six, watering management
Blueberries have shallow roots and are sensitive to water shortage, so the basin soil should always be kept moist and free of water, which is different in different growing seasons of blueberries. In the vegetative growth stage, the most suitable water condition can always be maintained, which can promote the plants to be strong. However, in the fruit development stage and before the fruit matures, the water supply must be reduced appropriately to prevent the rapid growth of nutrition from competing with the fruit for nutrients. After the fruit is harvested, the most suitable water supply can be restored to promote the vegetative growth. Reduce the water supply from Mid-Autumn Festival to late autumn, so as to enter the dormant period in time. In order to keep the acidity of the soil, it is suggested that the dosage is 3 ~ 5 degrees vinegar, 500 ml is applied every month, and half a tablespoon of vinegar is added.
Seven, fertilization
Blueberries are nutrient-poor plants. Compared with other fruit trees, the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium in trees are very low. Because of this feature, blueberries should be specially protected against excessive fertilization to avoid fertilizer damage. When blueberry is planted, organic matter has been mixed into the soil, so the fertilization of blueberry mainly refers to topdressing.
Phosphorus pentoxide and ammonium sulfate are suitable fertilizers for potted blueberries. Blueberry excessive fertilization is easy to cause tree damage or even death of the whole plant. Therefore, the amount of fertilization should be cautious, depending on soil fertility and tree nutrition, not less than more! In addition, blueberries cannot be applied with nitrate fertilizers, such as ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate.
Eight, potted blueberry shaping and pruning
Pruning period can be divided into winter pruning and summer pruning, strictly speaking, dormancy pruning and growing season pruning.
Young trees that have just been planted need to cut off buds and too thin branches. For strong branches, it is generally necessary to prune them to varying degrees. In the first growing season of survival, cut as little or no as possible, and spread the crown and branches at the fastest speed.
When the first three young trees are pruned in winter, the weak branches, drooping branches, horizontal branches, cross branches, over-dense branches and overlapping branches in the crown are mainly thinned. You can cut off the bud at the top of the branch a little shorter. After germination in spring, some new shoots should be selectively erased as soon as possible to strengthen the growth potential of the retained new shoots.
After entering the full fruit stage, the crown size has basically reached the requirements, so we should start to control the further expansion of the crown and leave the limited space for more vigorous branches or branches. The principle is to remove the weak and retain the strong. In addition to weak branches, diseased branches, dead branches, cross branches and adjacent overlapping branches are also the objects to be refined.
Edit this section of pest control
The main pests and diseases of blueberry are scarab, scarab larva, grub, and common pests and diseases such as leaf chlorosis, leaf blight, fruit rot and leaf-eating moth. Good prevention and control can be avoided.
Prevention and control principle
First, combining prevention with comprehensive prevention and control to realize the ecological conditions of natural agricultural production as much as possible;
Second, adopt advanced pesticide application technology, reduce pesticide consumption as much as possible, advocate the selection of biological pesticides and high efficiency ...
Question 8: How many years does it take for blueberry fruit to bear fruit? In what month does it bloom? March-April is the season when blueberries bloom. Blueberry flowers are as white as bells. At this time, some flowers should be thinned, otherwise the nutrition of the basin soil is limited, which is not conducive to the results. From April to May, blueberries bear fruit one after another. At this time, remove the withered or stunted fruit.
Question 9: Why do flowerpots grow blueberries? First, the purchase time and management of potted blueberry seedlings.
Potted seedlings can be planted all year round, and the best time is from autumn to the next spring before germination. The seedlings in this period are easy to transport, and the management and planting are relatively simple. After planting in autumn, a small amount of flowers and fruits can be produced in the second year and normal flowers and fruits can be produced in the third year. After the fifth year, blueberries can be potted at home and managed properly, and the fruiting period can last for 35 years. Potted blueberry
2. Tree species selection of potted blueberry seedlings
Rabbit eye blueberry, Sharp and O 'Neill are not self-pollinated, so pollination trees must be equipped to bear full fruits. It is not easy to choose this variety for family potted plants. Dwarf shrubs are only suitable for outdoor planting in the north, and other varieties can be used for family potted plants.
Three. Soil requirements
Blueberries like acidic, soft, loose and breathable soil rich in organic matter. Generally, the soil pH value is 4.5 ~ 5.5, and the soil organic matter content is generally 8% ~ 12%. Home potted plants can buy humus common in flower markets. According to their own conditions, add humus moss or peat, sawdust, rotten pine bark and other organic matter, and add sulfur once a month until the leaves come out.
Fourth, the container
It is recommended to use a well-ventilated earthen basin, followed by a sand basin, and then a plastic basin. It is not recommended to use a pottery or porcelain basin.
Because blueberries are fibrous roots and shallow roots, large pots are not needed, and deep pots are not allowed. 15cm pots are recommended for young seedlings, 25cm pots for finished seedlings, and large pots are not allowed for young seedlings.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) climatic conditions
A very important factor to ensure the fruiting of potted blueberries is to ensure that blueberries can withstand low temperature dormancy below 7.2℃ in winter, and the lowest temperature they can tolerate varies with different varieties. For example, as a flower viewing, there is no need for low temperature restrictions.
Six, watering management
Blueberries have shallow roots and are sensitive to water shortage, so the basin soil should always be kept moist and free of water, which is different in different growing seasons of blueberries. In the vegetative growth stage, the most suitable water condition can always be maintained, which can promote the plants to be strong. However, in the fruit development stage and before the fruit matures, the water supply must be reduced appropriately to prevent the rapid growth of nutrition from competing with the fruit for nutrients. After the fruit is harvested, the most suitable water supply can be restored to promote the vegetative growth. Reduce the water supply from Mid-Autumn Festival to late autumn, so as to enter the dormant period in time. In order to keep the acidity of the soil, it is suggested that the dosage is 3 ~ 5 degrees vinegar, 500 ml is applied every month, and half a tablespoon of vinegar is added.
Seven, fertilization
Blueberries are nutrient-poor plants. Compared with other fruit trees, the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium in trees are very low. Because of this feature, blueberries should be specially protected against excessive fertilization to avoid fertilizer damage. When blueberry is planted, organic matter has been mixed into the soil, so the fertilization of blueberry mainly refers to topdressing.
Phosphorus pentoxide and ammonium sulfate are suitable fertilizers for potted blueberries. Blueberry excessive fertilization is easy to cause tree damage or even death of the whole plant. Therefore, the amount of fertilization should be cautious, depending on soil fertility and tree nutrition, not less than more! In addition, blueberries cannot be applied with nitrate fertilizers, such as ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate.
Eight, potted blueberry shaping and pruning
Pruning period can be divided into winter pruning and summer pruning, strictly speaking, dormancy pruning and growing season pruning.
Young trees that have just been planted need to cut off buds and too thin branches. For strong branches, it is generally necessary to prune them to varying degrees. In the first growing season of survival, cut as little or no as possible, and spread the crown and branches at the fastest speed.
When the first three young trees are pruned in winter, the weak branches, drooping branches, horizontal branches, cross branches, over-dense branches and overlapping branches in the crown are mainly thinned. You can cut off the bud at the top of the branch a little shorter. After germination in spring, some new shoots should be selectively erased as soon as possible to strengthen the growth potential of the retained new shoots.
After entering the full fruit stage, the crown size has basically reached the requirements, so we should start to control the further expansion of the crown and leave the limited space for more vigorous branches or branches. The principle is to remove the weak and retain the strong. In addition to weak branches, diseased branches, dead branches, cross branches and adjacent overlapping branches are also the objects to be refined.
Edit this section of pest control
The main pests and diseases of blueberry are scarab, scarab larva, grub, and common pests and diseases such as leaf chlorosis, leaf blight, fruit rot and leaf-eating moth. Good prevention and control can be avoided.
Prevention and control principle
First, combining prevention with comprehensive prevention and control to realize the ecological conditions of natural agricultural production as much as possible;
Second, adopt advanced pesticide application technology, reduce pesticide consumption as much as possible, advocate the selection of biological pesticides and chemical pesticides with high efficiency, low toxicity and low residue, and use them alternately scientifically and reasonably. & gt
Question 10: Blueberries should be fertilized once a few days after flowering. Blueberries must be fertilized during germination and flowering. Generally, sulfur-based compound fertilizer is enough, with a ratio of one thousandth and thin fertilizer.