1, flowerpot selection;

Pots for potted fruit trees are generally round, because the round pots are conducive to the uniform diffusion of roots around, and the container needs water seepage and good air permeability to ensure the oxygen demand for root growth and prevent the roots from rotting due to water accumulation in the container.

Among all kinds of containers, the plain pot is the most suitable for planting fruit trees. When using containers made of other materials, in order to overcome the shortcomings of poor air permeability, coarse sand with a thickness of 5 cm can be laid at the bottom of the basin, and a new layer of tiles can be placed along the inner wall, and then trees can be planted by filling the soil.

2. Soil matrix;

Generally, the basin soil suitable for citrus reticulata is slightly acidic (PH 4,5-7,5) and sandy loam or sandy soil rich in humus. During preparation, 4 parts of mature pastoral soil, 2 parts of river sand and 1 part of plant ash are fully and evenly mixed, ground and sieved. The culture soil should be disinfected before use, such as cooking disinfection, baking disinfection or drug disinfection (spraying 1.5% formalin).

3. Lighting control;

Orange tree is a fruit tree that likes light and temperature, so potted trees must be placed in a place with sufficient light and good ventilation to promote the elongation of plant growth points, form high-quality flower buds and improve fruit setting rate. Orange trees have poor cold tolerance and must be put into plastic greenhouses for winter; When the temperature reaches above 35℃ in summer, cover the sunshade net and spray water from 9: 00 am to 4: 00 pm to cool down, otherwise it will easily cause young fruits to fall off.

4. Fertilizer and water management;

1) water. Different fruit trees have different requirements on the pH value of water. Generally, 4,5 ~ 7 is suitable for citrus reticulata, which can be corrected by ferrous sulfate. The temperature difference between water temperature and soil should not exceed 5℃. Watering in the growing season should be carried out before 10 in the morning or after 4 pm. Water it every day on sunny days in summer 1 time. If the soil is dry, water 1 time on the same day. Water 1 time every day in spring and autumn, and water 1 time every 2 ~ 5 days in early spring and late autumn; Control watering in winter.

2) fertilization. Because there are trees, one day, and thin soil, we should be diligent. Trees with strong fertilizer tolerance, large growth and many fruits should be fertilized more, and vice versa; No fertilization during dormancy; Fertilize more when the fertilizer content in the pot soil is low or the pot turning time is long, and fertilize less when the fertilizer content in the pot soil is high.

4. Changing the soil in the basin;

Because the nutrients in the pot soil are absorbed by fruit trees or washed away by frequent watering, it is necessary to pour the pot in time and replace it with new nutrient soil every 2-3 years. After the soil is turned upside down, the old roots with a thickness of 2-3 cm around the pot soil are cut off, the organic fertilizer and nutrient soil are evenly mixed to fill the bottom, then the soil is brought into the pot, the surrounding soil is filled with fertile soil, and water is poured once.

5. Trimming and shaping;

1) Tree selection: The tree shape of potted citrus reticulata can create imaginative trees, such as natural round head shape, tower shape, one cliff shape, two antlers shape, three cups shape, weeping willow shape and dragon curve shape. Make it not only beneficial to the result, but also have aesthetic effect and improve its ornamental value.

2) Spray shaping: chemical control technology is applied to dwarf trees. In summer, during the vigorous growth period of potted citrus trees, plant growth retardants (such as chlormequat and paclobutrazol) should be sprayed on the leaves for 2-3 times, which can make the branches stout, the internodes short and the plants dwarf.

In addition, the measures to promote the dwarfing and pruning of flowers mainly include: wiping buds, removing cores, taking branches, bending branches, ring cutting, retracting, renewing and pulling branches. Through the angles of open branches and sparse branches, dense branches and invalid branches, the illumination is enhanced to form an ideal tree shape.

6, pest control;

Potted soil is required to be "loose, light and fat". Generally, garden soil, fine sand, sawdust or broken straw are mixed in proportion, and then a proper amount of chicken manure, cake fertilizer, compound fertilizer and trace elements are added for fermentation and decomposition to make the pH value of potted soil reach 5.5 ~ 7 (the pH value should be adjusted according to different tree species).

7, flower and fruit period management;

When the number of flower buds in orange trees is large, the flowers should be thinned during bud pregnancy and the fruits should be thinned after physiological fruit drop. If the number of buds is small, you can leave more flowers. At the same time, artificial pollination is needed.

8. Overwintering management;

In the absence of freezing injury in winter, orange trees generally do not need to overwinter indoors, but can overwinter naturally outdoors. In order to prevent freezing injury, you can water the soil once before freezing, and then wrap the whole container with straw bags to prevent cold, or you can bury it in a ditch.

Pay attention to the following aspects when raising potted orange trees:

1, change pots: according to the size of citrus reticulata, choose a round flowerpot with an appropriate size, and the mouth of the flowerpot should be larger, which is convenient for fertilizing and loosening citrus reticulata in the future. The flowerpot should have good air permeability and water permeability to ensure the oxygen demand for the growth of citrus roots.

2. Soil: When replacing the flowerpot, replace the soil of the flowerpot at the same time. Pour out the original basin soil, add some sandy loam or sandy soil rich in humus, and some organic fertilizer. Into the old pot soil, and then put the pot soil back into the flowerpot.

3, lighting: orange tree is a kind of fruit tree that likes sunshine. When planting potted citrus reticulata at home, potted orange trees should be placed in a sunny and well-ventilated environment, generally on the balcony. Let citrus reticulata bask in the sun, which can promote the growth and flowering of citrus reticulata.

4. Pruning: If you want orange trees to look good in potted plants, you need to prune them from time to time, and trim some messy branches of orange trees to maintain their good shape and improve their aesthetics.

1, flowerpot selection;

Pots for potted fruit trees are generally round, because the round pots are conducive to the uniform diffusion of roots around, and the container needs water seepage and good air permeability to ensure the oxygen demand for root growth and prevent the roots from rotting due to water accumulation in the container.

Among all kinds of containers, the plain pot is the most suitable for planting fruit trees. When using containers made of other materials, in order to overcome the shortcomings of poor air permeability, coarse sand with a thickness of 5 cm can be laid at the bottom of the basin, and a new layer of tiles can be placed along the inner wall, and then trees can be planted by filling the soil.

2. Soil matrix;

Generally, the basin soil suitable for citrus reticulata is slightly acidic (PH 4,5-7,5) and sandy loam or sandy soil rich in humus. During preparation, 4 parts of mature pastoral soil, 2 parts of river sand and 1 part of plant ash are fully and evenly mixed, ground and sieved. The culture soil should be disinfected before use, such as cooking disinfection, baking disinfection or drug disinfection (spraying 1.5% formalin).

3. Lighting control;

Orange tree is a fruit tree that likes light and temperature, so potted trees must be placed in a place with sufficient light and good ventilation to promote the elongation of plant growth points, form high-quality flower buds and improve fruit setting rate. Orange trees have poor cold tolerance and must be put into plastic greenhouses for winter; When the temperature reaches above 35℃ in summer, cover the sunshade net and spray water from 9: 00 am to 4: 00 pm to cool down, otherwise it will easily cause young fruits to fall off.

4. Fertilizer and water management;

1) water. Different fruit trees have different requirements on the pH value of water. Generally, 4,5 ~ 7 is suitable for citrus reticulata, which can be corrected by ferrous sulfate. The temperature difference between water temperature and soil should not exceed 5℃. Watering in the growing season should be carried out before 10 in the morning or after 4 pm. Water it every day on sunny days in summer 1 time. If the soil is dry, water 1 time on the same day. Water 1 time every day in spring and autumn, and water 1 time every 2 ~ 5 days in early spring and late autumn; Control watering in winter.

2) fertilization. Because there are trees, one day, and thin soil, we should be diligent. Trees with strong fertilizer tolerance, large growth and many fruits should be fertilized more, and vice versa; No fertilization during dormancy; Fertilize more when the fertilizer content in the pot soil is low or the pot turning time is long, and fertilize less when the fertilizer content in the pot soil is high.

Bonsai is one of the outstanding traditional arts in China, and it is a work of art that uses plants and rocks as basic materials to express the natural landscape in the basin.

It needs plants, rocks, soil, water and so on. As a material, and through artistic creation and horticultural cultivation, the beautiful scenery of nature in the basin is typically and intensively shaped, achieving the artistic effect of shrinking the land to one inch and seeing the big from the small. At the same time, the scenery conveys feelings and shows far-reaching artistic conception, just like a three-dimensional beautiful miniature landscape scenic spot.

Bonsai originated in China, and there are generally two kinds of bonsai: stump bonsai and landscape bonsai. Bonsai consists of three elements: landscape, basin and shelf, which are interrelated and influence each other. People regard bonsai as "three-dimensional painting" and "silent poem".