Verb infinitive: (to)+ do, which has the characteristics of nouns, adjectives and adverbs.

Negative: not+(to) do

Gerund:

Gerund not only has some characteristics of verbs, It also has the syntactic function of nouns.

General form (predicate verb occurs at the same time) doing being done

Perfect form (before predicate verb occurs) having done having been done

Gerund form: Ving

Negative form: not+Gerund

Present participle:

Present participle has some characteristics of verbs. It also has the syntactic functions of adjectives and adverbs.

The form of present participle:

Negative participle: not+present participle

Past participle

There is only one form of past participle: regular verbs are composed of verb prototype and suffix -ed. The past participle of irregular verbs has no uniform rules, so we should remember them one by one.