2. Control nitrogen fertilizer and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. During the germination and growth of summer shoots, less or no nitrogen fertilizer should be applied, more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied, or micro-fertilizers with high potassium content such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be sprayed outside the roots for many times (once every 7- 10 day and continuously for 2-3 times), so as to promote the summer shoots to be strong, green and early, enhance photosynthesis and promote flower bud differentiation.
3, timely prevention and control of pests and diseases. During the germination and growth of summer shoots, chemicals should be sprayed in time to prevent and control diseases and pests of leaf shoots, such as anthracnose, leaf spot, gray spot, bud blight and yellow caterpillar, so as to ensure the normal germination and growth of summer shoots. Commonly used pesticides are 800 times thiophanate-methyl (or 600 times carbendazim) and 1000 times chlorpheniramine (or 2500 times metronidazole).
4. Reduce humidity and keep the garden dry. The physiological differentiation period of loquat flower buds is July-August, which requires an ecological environment with high temperature, sufficient sunlight and dry soil. This period happens to be rainy in summer, so it is necessary to pay attention to opening drainage ditches in low-lying and paddy fields to avoid waterlogging, so as to meet the requirements of physiological differentiation of loquat flower buds on soil water content. Orchards with high soil moisture should be dried and cut off, and water should be controlled to promote flowers. The specific methods are as follows: when the leaves of summer shoots 1/3 begin to turn green, control the soil around the root neck to open for 30-50 cm to expose thick roots, then cultivate 30 cm thick roots outward, cut off most fine roots, limit the growth of summer shoots, accelerate the greening of leaves, enhance the accumulation of nutrients on the ground, and be beneficial to the early differentiation of flower buds.
5, plastic support, pull branches, to ease the tree. The leaves of summer shoots are in the green stage, and the main branches should be widened according to the requirements of plastic surgery. As long as other branches are not broken, the angle should be widened as much as possible, and it is best to fall slightly sideways. The direction of pulling branches should not interfere with the growth of main branches, some branches can be bent or twisted.
6, spray hormones to promote flowers. Young loquat trees grow too fast, especially varieties such as Jiefangzhong, which are more difficult to bloom. It is necessary to spray hormones to promote flowering. The specific method is to spray 300-500 times of paclobutrazol on the leaves at the end of July after the summer shoots mature, and spray it again every 20 days when the trees are particularly vigorous.
7. Cut into pieces and peel. Suitable for trees with particularly strong tree potential, generally in late July, the depth is to cut through the bark without hurting the wood. The girdling times of trunk branches are generally 3-4 times, and those of branchlets are 1-2 times. The width of girdling is generally 0.2-0.4 cm according to the branch size, and it can be cured in 20-30 days after girdling. Generally speaking, a tree surrounds 40-60% of the branches. Avoid using branches, pay attention to the disinfection of knives and wounds to prevent infection.