Chinese name: licorice
Chinese alias: licorice
Two-name method: licorice
Field: the field of plants
Door: angiosperm magnolia door
Class: Subclass Dicotyledonous Magnolia
Objective: Leguminosae plants
Family: Leguminosae
Subsubfamily: Faba subfamily of Papilionidae
Family: goat Leguminosae
Genus: Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Type: licorice
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morphological character
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Perennial herb with stout roots and rhizomes, diameter of 1-3 cm, brown skin and yellowish inside. That's great.
The stem is erect, multi-branched, 30- 120 cm high, densely covered with scaly glands, spiny glands and white or brown villi.
Leaves 5-20 cm long, stipules triangular-lanceolate, about 5 mm long and 2 mm wide, with white pubescence on both sides; Petiole densely covered with brown glandular dots and pubescence; 5- 17 lobules, oval, oblong or nearly round, 65438+ 0.5-5cm long and 0.8-3cm wide, with dark green at the top and green at the bottom, densely covered with tawny glandular spots and pubescence on both sides, obtuse and short at the top, round at the base, full or slightly wavy at the edge, and slightly rolled back.
Racemes axillary, with many flowers, total pedicels shorter than leaves, dense brown scaly glandular spots and pubescence; Bracts oblong-lanceolate, 3-4 mm long, brown, membranous, yellow glandular punctate and pubescent; The calyx is bell-shaped, 7- 14 mm long, densely covered with yellow glandular spots and pubescence, and the base is obliquely swollen and cystic, with 5 calyx teeth, nearly as long as the calyx tube, and the upper two teeth are mostly connected; Corolla purple, white or yellow, length 10-24 mm, flag petal oblong, slightly concave at the top, short peduncle at the base, wing petal shorter than flag petal, keel petal shorter than wing petal; Ovary densely spiny hairy glands. Pods are bent into sickle-shaped or ring-shaped, densely packed into spheres, densely covered with tumor-like protrusions and prickly glands. Seeds 3- 1 1, dark green, round or kidney-shaped, about 3 mm long. The flowering period is June-August, and the fruiting period is July-65438+1October.
Erect genus, alternate leaves, odd compound leaves, 7 ~ 17 leaflets, oval and egg-shaped, axillary racemes, lilacs and irises. The fruit is oblong, sometimes curved into a sickle or ring, and densely covered with brown prickly glandular hairs. Flat and round seeds.
Growth habit
Loaded licorice
Glycyrrhiza uralensis mostly grows in arid and semi-arid sandy soil, desert edge and loess hilly area, and it is also easy to breed in the fields and floodplains of Yellow River Diversion Irrigation Area. Strong adaptability and strong resistance.
Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch likes the ecological environment with abundant sunshine, little rainfall, hot summer, severe cold winter and large temperature difference between day and night, and has the characteristics of being fond of light, drought-resistant, heat-resistant, salt-resistant and cold-resistant. Suitable for growing in sandy soil with deep soil layer, loose soil and good drainage.
geographical distribution
Loaded licorice
Distributed in Asia, Europe, Australia, America and other places (and most of them have traditional medicinal and other uses).
Ural licorice is mainly distributed in Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu and Shuozhou, Shanxi. Cultivated licorice is mainly produced in Hexi Corridor of Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and Gansu, around Longxi and parts of Ningxia.