1. wisteria (most commonly used)

morphological character

Dark gray dry-skinned fallen leaves climb around vines. The shoots are dark yellow-green, densely pilose, and the winter buds are oblate and densely pilose. Odd-pinnate compound leaves alternate, with 7- 13 leaflets, oval shape, long tapering or acute apex, hairless or slightly hairy on the surface of leaves, sparsely hairy or nearly hairless on the back of leaves, sparsely hairy petiole, lateral raceme, 30-35cm long, drooping, densely pilose peduncle, petiole and calyx, and purple or deep purple flowers. Pods oblate, long, 10-20cm, densely covered with white fluff, seeds oblate and black. The flowering period is April-May, and the fruit matures in August-September.

Growth habit

Wisteria is a plant in warm zone and temperate zone, with strong adaptability to climate and soil, cold tolerance, preference for wet and barren soil, light tolerance and shade tolerance. The place with deep soil layer, good drainage and darkness is most suitable for farming. The main root is deep and the lateral root is shallow, so it is not resistant to transplanting. Fast growth and long life. Strong winding ability, strangulation to other plants. Buds appear in March and bloom in April, with 20 to 80 iris flowers per shaft. Wisteria is cultivated wild or everywhere, and its roots and seeds are used as medicine, which is sweet, slightly warm and slightly toxic. Bark contains two kinds, flowers contain volatile oil and leaves contain genistein.

2. Ling Xiao (most commonly used)

Morphological characteristics:

Deciduous vines, up to 10 m. There are climbing aerial roots on the stems, which are attached to other things. Bark grayish brown, branchlets purple. Leaves opposite, odd pinnate compound leaves, 7-9 leaflets. Oval, serrated, hairless. Terminal cymes or panicles, corolla funnel-shaped, lip-shaped, bright red or orange-red, flowering July-August. The capsule is as long as a pod, mostly flat, and the fruit matures in 10. Its varieties are only China Lingxiao and American Lingxiao.

Growing habits:

Sex likes sunshine, the environment is warm and humid, and it is slightly resistant to shade. I like well-drained soil, which is more resistant to water and humidity and has a certain salt and alkali tolerance.

3. Catharanthus roseus

Morphological characteristics:

Short, vine branched, creeping growth, more than 2 meters long. The leaves are oval, opposite, petiolate, bright green, shiny, milky yellow and have strong tillering ability. After introduction and cultivation experiments, Qidong Forest Fruit Guidance Station found that it has strong adaptability, lax requirements for soil and fast growth.

Growing habits:

This plant likes light and shade, and is resistant to low temperature. At the temperature of -7℃, there is no freezing injury when planted in the open field. Evergreen all the year round, vines that tiller out and violets that bloom in March cover the earth like a green carpet covered with flowers, and the scenery is spectacular, which is an ideal material for flowers and leaves.

4. vines

Biological characteristics]

Vine is a vine shrub of Rosaceae, with tall plants. Every year, stout new branches are drawn from the base, and stout lateral branches grow at the top of the branches of biennial lianas. Strong sex, rapid growth, climbing by other things with thorns or vines on their stems. Although it belongs to the habit of flowering in four seasons, it only blooms in late spring or early summer, and then some flowers bloom intermittently from summer to autumn. If the conditions are suitable and properly maintained, a large number of flowers can bloom again in autumn.

5.ivy

● Morphological characteristics Evergreen woody vines. It is a typical shade vine, all of which are woody stems. Its stem is 3-5 meters long and has many branches and aerial roots. The shoots are hairy, rust-colored, scaly, with alternate leaves, leathery, oily green and smooth. When I was a child, there were countless air roots, which grew up along the wall or trunk with scaly hairs. The leaves on the vegetative branches are repeatedly divided into three parts, and the leaves on the reproductive branches are elliptic-ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, entire. Oval, dark green. Umbellies, small flowers, white and green, slightly fragrant. Flowers bloom in autumn. The fruit is spherical, ripe in the second year and orange.

Passion fruit

Plant Morphology Passionflower is a perennial twining herb. The stem is slender, about 4 meters long, with fine hairs, the tender stem has longitudinal ridges, and the old stem is cylindrical with a single tendril, which is planted in the axils of leaves. Leaves alternate, palmately 3-or 5-parted, 6 ~ 10 cm long and 9 ~ 15 cm wide, lobes lanceolate, pointed, with serrated edges and a heart-shaped band at the base. The petiole is 5 cm long and there are 2 nectaries near the top of the leaf base. Flowers solitary leaf axils, pedicels 5 ~ 7 cm long; Bracts 3, small in shape and uneven in contraction; Sepals 5, oblong, with rounded apex and a protuberance on the back; Petals 5, light red, corolla whisker-like, deep purple or lavender; 5 stamens, the medicine can rotate, like a clock; Ovary superior, style; Eight. Berries are oval and yellow when they are ripe. Flowers bloom in autumn. It was planted in the garden.

7.honeysuckle

Growth habit

[Edit this paragraph]

1. temperature: it can resist the low temperature of -30℃, so it is also called honeysuckle. Below 3℃, the physiological activity is weak and the growth is slow. The new buds germinated above 5℃ 16℃ grew fast, and the buds grew fast around 20℃.

Second, it has strong adaptability. Mountains, plains, clay, sandy soil and slightly acidic soil can all grow. It is distributed in three northeastern provinces in the north, Guangdong and Hainan Island in the south, Shandong in the east and Himalayas in the west, and there are also a few wild species in Japan and Korea. Agricultural proverb says: "Waterlogged crops and hay, frozen pomegranate and dried melon will not affect honeysuckle."

Third, habits: like ventilation and light, warm and dry.

8. Youjute

Plant morphology evergreen woody lianas; Up to 30 cm thick. Stems brown or yellowish brown, rough; Branchlets are slender, light green, smooth and glabrous. Compound leaves alternate, with 3 leaflets; The apical lobule is oval or oblong, 7 ~ 12 cm long and 5 ~ 7 cm wide, with a pointed tail at the top and a wide wedge at the base; Leaflets on both sides are oblong-ovate, with pointed tail at the top, oblique wedge-shaped or round at the base, and all leaflets are green and hairless. Racemes with large flowers and drooping; Calyx densely villous, campanulate, and lobes obtuse or acute; Corolla deep purple or purplish red; Stamens 10, diploid; The ovary has rust-colored bristles. The pods are flat, woody, densely covered with golden coarse hairs, 30 ~ 60 cm long and 2.8 ~ 3.5 cm wide. Seeds flat, suborbicular, brown.

9. Auckland

Morphological characteristics: semi-evergreen climbing shrub. The bark is reddish brown, thin and strong in peeling. Odd pinnate compound leaves with 3-5 leaflets and elliptic leaves. Umbellies, white or yellow flowers, single and double petals, fragrant, bloom from April to June. The fruit is nearly spherical and red, and the fruiting period is 9- 10 month.

Characteristics This product is cylindrical or semi-cylindrical, with a length of 5 ~ 10 cm and a diameter of 0.5 ~ 5 cm. The surface is yellowish brown to grayish brown, with obvious wrinkles, longitudinal grooves and lateral root marks. Hard and not easy to break, the cross section is grayish brown to dark brown, and the surrounding is grayish yellow or light brownish yellow, with brown arc ring and radial structure, scattered in brown punctate oil cavities. The smell is unique and the taste is slightly bitter.

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morphological character

Evergreen vines with aerial roots often climb and grow on trees and rock walls; White flowers bloom in early summer and May, and the corolla is tall, disc-shaped, 5-lobed, and the lobes are arranged in a spiral shape, slightly like the word "ten thousand" and fragrant. Usually, there are also mosaic collaterals, with white or milky yellow spots on the leaves and a layer of blush; Leaflet lateral veins, small and narrow lanceolate leaves.

Branches and vines are 2 meters to 10 meters long and have milk. Old branches are smooth, aerial roots often occur at nodes, and young branches have fine hairs. The single leaf is opposite, oval to broadly lanceolate, 2.5 cm to 6 cm long, with sharp apex, leathery, smooth leaf surface, hairy back and short petiole. Cymes are axillary with long stems and 9 ~ 15 flowers. Calyx is small, tubular, with 5 petals, spirally arranged and fragrant. The flowering period is from June to July. The fruit is tubular and twin, and there are long hairs on the seeds from August to 65438+February.