A. Open the airway. Shake the patient and ask loudly. Press the Renzhong point with your fingernails for about five seconds. If there is no response, it means loss of consciousness. At this time, the patient should lie horizontally on his back, unbutton the neck, pay attention to remove foreign objects in the mouth, raise the patient's head and chin, and put the ear close to the mouth and nose. If no airflow is felt or the chest does not rise and fall, it means that there is no breathing. B Mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration: While keeping the patient's head and chin raised, the rescuer pinches the closed nostrils (or lips) with one hand, then takes a deep breath, blows air into the patient's mouth (or nose) quickly and forcefully, and then Relax your nostrils (or lips) and repeat this every 5 seconds until you resume breathing on your own. The interval between each blow is 1.5 seconds. During this time, the rescuer should take a deep breath to continue mouth-to-mouth breathing until professional rescuers arrive. C. Artificial circulation. To check whether the heart is beating, the simplest and most reliable method is the carotid artery. The rescuer puts 2-3 fingers between the patient's trachea and neck muscles and gently presses for no less than 10 seconds. If the patient's heart stops beating, the rescuer should clench his fist, with the fist upward, and punch the patient's middle and lower sternum quickly and forcefully. This may cause the patient's heart to beat again. If it fails once, you can click it again according to the above requirements. If the heart cannot beat again, chest compressions should be used to induce blood flow in the heart and large blood vessels. To maintain the minimum blood requirements of major organs such as the heart and brain. Select the site for external chest heart compression: first use the middle finger and index finger of the left hand to identify the lower edge of the ribs, then place the palm side of the right hand 1/3 below the sternum, then place the left hand above the sternum, with the thumb of the left hand close to the right fingers, so that the palm of the left hand The base is on the xiphoid process. Place your right hand on top of your left hand, interlacing or stretching the fingers. Apply pressure downward through the heel of your hands, and your fingers should be lifted away from your chest. Heart compression site and external chest heart compression method: The first responder places his arms directly above the patient's sternum, straightens his elbows, and uses the weight of his upper body to press down vertically. For an adult of medium weight, press down to a depth of 3-4 cm, and then quickly Relax, relieve pressure, and allow the rib cage to reset itself. Repeat this rhythmically, the compression and relaxation time are roughly equal, and the frequency is 80-100 times per minute. One-person cardiopulmonary resuscitation method: When only one first responder performs cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the patient, he should perform 30 chest and heart compressions and alternate 2 artificial respirations. Two-person cardiopulmonary resuscitation method: When two first responders perform CPR on a patient, first the two people should be in the opposite birth position to facilitate mutual exchange. At this time, one person performs chest cardiac compressions; the other person performs artificial respiration. The two people can cooperate by counting 1, 2, and 3. Each time they press the heart 30 times, they perform mouth-to-mouth or mouth-to-nose artificial respiration twice.

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