The branch type and growth and fruiting characteristics of jujube trees are different from other fruit trees. Jujube trees have strong photophobia, insensitive pruning reaction and low branching ability. Therefore, it is necessary to make use of the situation, follow the branches, and the pruning amount should be light, so that the tree can look beautiful and have normal effects.

Youlong shape

Branches are crooked and irregular, 30 ~ 40 cm high, and there are 3 ~ 5 main branches in the whole tree, which are strewn at random. According to its natural growth characteristics, the dense branches are thinned and layered, which improves the ventilation and light transmission conditions and enhances the ornamental effect of potted trees. This shape is especially suitable for varieties such as Longxu jujube.

Straight stem sparse layered

The stem height is 20 ~ 30 cm, the molding height is 80 ~ 100 cm, and there are 5 ~ 7 branches, which are arranged in layers with distinct layers, and the bottom is big and the top is small, forming an irregular triangle. This shape has good light and is suitable for varieties with medium growth potential, such as Zizyphus jujuba and Zizyphus jujuba.

Natural multi-main branches: dry height 15 ~ 20cm, total height after molding is 80 ~ 100cm, and there are 6 ~ 8 cuttings, which are staggered and layered, forming a pagoda shape. The skeleton of this shape is firm, with many bearing branches and high yield, which is especially suitable for varieties with strong growth potential such as Dongzao, Lizao and Capsicum Jujube.

② Pruning

Pruning of small trees

When pruning young trees, the principle of cultivating trees suitable for potted plants should be given priority to, supplemented by results. It should be carried out from the following aspects. A. fixed drying, including cleaning method and interception method. Dry cleaning method is to remove the secondary branches and lower branches from bottom to top year by year, leaving the required fixed dry height. Cluster method is to leave 3 ~ 5 knots above the fixed trunk height as a plastic belt for cultivating the first layer of main branches. Cut off the secondary branches at the top and below the incision, leaving 1 node for the secondary branches in the plastic belt to promote the growth of new branches, and all other branches are thinned out. B. Backbone branch culture: The lateral buds and main buds of the developing branches of young jujube trees have the habit of sprouting and developing branches with the growth of branch age. Therefore, when potted jujube trees, healthy branches can be selected at appropriate parts of the trunk according to the requirements of the tree body, and the main branches can be cultivated by pulling branches, opening corners and reversing directions.

For young trees that don't germinate the main branches, and the main branches and side branches that don't germinate or bear no fruit, they can be re-pruned in the middle of the annual development branches in winter, with 2 ~ 3 secondary branches below the cut. Or in June-July in summer, the method of coring is adopted, and the juice will sprout after flowing out in spring to promote its branching, so as to form main branches, lateral branches and fruiting branches as soon as possible.

Pruning should be combined with winter pruning and summer pruning, and the principle that summer pruning is the main one and winter pruning is the auxiliary one should be mastered. Generally, summer pruning is carried out from May to July, and winter pruning can be carried out from defoliation to germination.

fruit tree pruning

On the basis of maintaining a good tree shape, the fruiting branches are rejuvenated in a planned way, so that the density of branches and leaves is appropriate, ventilation and light transmission are good, and each fruiting branch group has a long fruiting life and high fruiting ability. The specific methods are as follows: a. thinning the overgrown branches. After many years of fruiting, the hidden buds of larger fruiting branches are easy to sprout developing branches, with large growth and easy crown closure, resulting in the death of internal branches due to insufficient light and malnutrition, thus affecting the fruit yield of the whole tree. Therefore, after leaf spreading in spring, the branches and buds with high density and no use value should be thinned continuously to protect the permeability of the crown, so as to give full play to the fruiting ability of each fruiting branch group. B. thinning out the thin branches and over-dense branches, because of the large number of fruits, the fruiting branches are easy to droop and overlap with each other, resulting in over-dense and crowded local branches, and many thin and developed branches are easy to sprout at the periphery of the crown, and the fruiting ability is extremely low. Therefore, when cutting in winter, it should be retracted, updated and thinned.

There are two specific methods to update the fruiting branches when planting jujube pots: one is to raise them first and then leave them. In the lower part of the fruiting branch group that has entered the declining period, select the branches that remain strong and developed, or promote the growth by bud grafting, and cut off the aging branch group after 1 ~ 2 years of cultivation; Second, after thinning, under the condition that the fruit and ornamental effect are not greatly affected, the branches in the aging stage are cut open, which stimulates the buds to germinate, produces strong branches and fills the original spatial results.