[Hermit ancestor-Huangdi]

The second son of Shaodian, Huangdi, was born in Xuanyuan Mountain (now northwest of Xinzheng, Henan Province, the hometown of Huangdi), so he was named Xuanyuan. When the Yellow Emperor was young, he was extremely clever, knowledgeable and brilliant, so he inherited his father's little code and was established as the leader of the bear tribe, so he was also called the bear family. He lived in the early stage of the transformation from primitive society to class society, and the social changes were very fierce, so there were some vivid records of his war in the history books.

According to legend, Emperor Yan disturbed the tribe. After gaining the support of various tribes, the Yellow Emperor fought against Emperor Yan in the wilderness of Hanquan (now southeast of Zhuolu, Hebei Province) and won. Since then, it has also crusaded against the Chiyou tribe and unified the Huaxia region of the Central Plains. Many inventions and brilliant achievements made China rank among the "four ancient civilizations in the world", so it was honored as the ancestor of the Chinese nation.

【 Xu's ancestor Xu You 】

Xu You was a saint in the Yao and Shun era. When Emperor Yao was in power, he led the Xu tribe in Dengfeng, Xuchang, Yuzhou, Ruzhou, Changge, Yanling and other places in this valley, and later became Xu's fief, so he became Xu's ancestor.

It is said that Emperor Yao asked him for advice many times, and then he tried to pass on the throne to him, but he refused. He fled to Jishan Mountain in Dengfeng to live in seclusion and never wanted to associate with secular society again. Emperor Yao sent someone to find him and wanted to ask him to be the chief of Kyushu. He went to Shui Ying to wash his ears and said he didn't want to hear such words. Xu You won the respect of later generations with his lofty integrity of being indifferent to fame and fortune, and was regarded as the originator of hermits. Xunzi, a thinker in the Warring States period, once praised: "Xu You is good at literary talent and values righteousness over profit."

[Zheng Guo's name-Zichan]

Zi chan (? -522 BC), an outstanding politician of Zheng in the Spring and Autumn Period. Born into a noble family, he was extremely clever when he was a teenager.

In 554 BC, he began to serve as the Qing Dynasty, and after 12 years, he was promoted to Zhengqing, assisting the monarch to preside over Zheng's government affairs. During his 20 years as Zheng Qing, Zi Chan carried out a series of political, economic and cultural reforms in Zheng State and achieved remarkable results. He "cast the tripod of punishment" and firmly promoted the opening movement of criminal law; He is "birds of a feather" and vigorously promotes tax reform; He tidied up land boundaries and ditches to facilitate the development of agricultural production; He adopted a flexible and arrogant foreign policy and actively changed the unfavorable situation of Zheng's passive beating.

Zi chan is not only an outstanding politician, but also an excellent thinker. His philosophical proposition-"Heaven is far away, man is near and unattainable" is of great significance and status in the history of China's thought.

Zi chan was a politician who constantly benefited the people, so when he died, Confucius said with tears: "Zi chan is really a caring person left over from ancient times!" "

【 Master of Taoism-Liezi 】

Liezi, a thinker in the early Warring States period, was a native of Zheng, whose name was Yu Kou. Advocating illusory thoughts, he was called "a man with a way" before his death. There are records of his venting in ancient books, which is his natural and unrestrained side. However, Liezi in reality is often in trouble. It is recorded in Zhuangzi that Ziliezi is poor and looks hungry.

But he is poor and has backbone. When officials in Zheng Guo sent someone to deliver food to him, he resolutely resigned.

Han Fei, a Legalist Master

Han Fei (? -233 BC), a thinker and legalist master at the end of the Warring States period, was born in a noble family in South Korea.

Politically, Han Fei advocated political reform and actively offered suggestions to the North Korean monarch, but it was not adopted. So he turned to writing, and wrote hundreds of thousands of words, such as "Difficult", "Lonely Anger" and "Wu Zhu". They combined the thoughts of law, technique and potential into one furnace, thus greatly enriching the ideological connotation of legalists.

After these works were spread to the state of Qin, they were highly valued by the king of Qin. Qin Wangzheng, the later Qin Shihuang, once lamented: Alas, I can meet the author of these works and associate with him, even if I die, I have no regrets. So he sent troops to step up the attack on South Korea.

The monarch of South Korea had to send Han Fei to Qin. After Han Fei came to the State of Qin, he was framed and imprisoned by his classmate Li Si and others, and soon committed suicide.

[Farmer Leader-Bobby Chen]

Bobby Chen (? -208 years ago), the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Qin Dynasty. Born on a farm, he was ambitious when he was a teenager. As a servant, he gave a sigh of wealth. After being laughed at by his companions, he immediately retorted, "How can a sparrow know Hongyan's ambition?"

In 209 BC, 900 people including Chen Sheng and Yang Xia Guangwu were recruited to defend Yuyang. They arrived in osawa Township, Qixian County, just in time for the rainy season, so they could not move on and reach their destination on time. According to the law of Qin dynasty, anyone who can't arrive on time will be beheaded. Chen Sheng discussed with Guangwu and decided to launch an uprising. They killed the Qin official who escorted them and officially raised the banner of righteousness.

The rebel army quickly grew to tens of thousands of people, established the Zhang Chu regime in Chen County, and Chen Sheng was elected king. Driven by the Chen Sheng Uprising, anti-Qin wars were launched all over the country. Later, Qin Jun fought back, the rebels were defeated, and Chen Sheng was killed by a traitor. However, the peasant uprising initiated by Chen Sheng finally overthrew the Qin Dynasty, and this spirit inspired several generations in China.

[Everyone in the Art Garden-Zheng Qian]

Zheng Qian, a native of Xingyang, Zhengzhou, is weak. At the beginning of Tang Tianbao (742), he was Xie Lvlang. He wrote more than 80 books according to the world at that time. He was accused of writing a private history of the country. Zheng Qian burned the manuscript in a hurry, but he was demoted. After returning to the capital, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty liked his talents and established a museum of culture and light for him, thinking that he was a doctor. Zheng Qian likes to paint landscapes. Because there was no paper, he specially stored several rooms of persimmon leaves in Jionji, and practiced with some leaves as raw materials every day. He once dedicated his poems, books and paintings to Tang Xuanzong, who praised Zheng Qian's three marvels. Zheng Qian's landscape paintings, with many branches and hard ink, are full of poems, poems and calligraphy, so Tang Xuanzong praised them.

An Lushan launched an uprising, occupied Chang 'an, and awarded Dr. Zheng Qian the position of Ministry of Water Resources. Zheng Qian said that he was ill and asked for help. After the Anshi Rebellion subsided, Zheng Qian was demoted to Taizhou to join the army. He died after being demoted for six months.

Zheng Qian is also well versed in geographical knowledge, which is spread all over the country. "The mountains and rivers are dangerous and easy, and there are many corners, and there are many soldiers, and everything is unknown." He handles affairs. "He should do whatever he says." "Confucianism is convinced that it is good at writing books, and the time number is Zheng Guangwen."

Zheng Qian is an honest official and leads a simple life. Du Fu once gave him a poem, which mentioned that "he has only been famous for forty years, and he is cold and summer, and he has no feeling". This shows his poverty.

[Poet Saint-Du Fu]

Zhengzhou Gong Yiren, with beautiful words, was a famous poet in Tang Dynasty. Du Fu was born in Nanyaowan Village, Zhan Jie Town, gongyi city (Du Fu's hometown). When Du Fu was a child, although his family was poor, he was still eager to learn. He began to write poems at the age of 7, and began to travel to Zhao Qi and other places in wuyue at the age of 20. I took the Jinshi exam in the middle, but I didn't pass it. Before the Anshi Rebellion, Du Fu lived in Chang 'an for ten years. At that time, the politics of the Tang Dynasty became increasingly corrupt. Although Du Fu has the political ideal of "being a gentleman for the sake of a gentleman, and then making the vulgar pure", he has no way to make progress and lives a life of "being rich in the morning is fat, being fat in the evening, being cold in the cup, and being sad everywhere".

After the Anshi Rebellion, Du Fu was captured by the rebels and taken back to Chang 'an. But he managed to escape to Fengxiang and go to Tang Suzong. After Tang Jun recovered Chang 'an, Du Fu returned to Chang 'an with Su Zong. Because of the defeat of defending Prime Minister Fang (Wang Guan), he angered the emperor and was demoted to Iowa to join the army. In 759 AD, Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Shu. In 760 AD, with the support of Yanwu, the envoy of Sichuan, he built a thatched cottage next to Huanhuaxi in southwest Chengdu. In 765, he left Eastern Xia; In 768, he took his family out of the Three Gorges people in Hubei and Hunan by boat. In 770, he went to Leiyang and died on the boat at the age of 59. There are different opinions about where Du Fu was buried. One said that he was buried in Mangling (Du Fu Cemetery) in Gongyi County.

Later generations called Du Fu's poems "the history of poetry" and "the sage of poetry". Du Fu was poor all his life. He once laughed at himself: "He has been submissive for 40 years since he was seven years old, but he often delivers meals to people." Old age is also uncertain.

[A generation of outstanding poets-Bai Juyi]

Bai Juyi, a native of Xinzheng, Zhengzhou, was a Buddhist in Xiangshan in his later years and a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi wrote many good poems when he was 16 years old and was praised by famous artists. However, because no one recommended him, he has never been able to enter the official position. It was not until the sixteenth year of Zhenyuan that he was admitted to Jinshi, at the age of 29. In 807 AD, Bai Juyi was awarded a bachelor's degree in Hanlin by court examination, and was appointed Zuo Shiyi the following year. He put forward many useful suggestions to Tang Xianzong and wrote many poems to expose the decadent life of the rulers.

In the ninth year of Yuanhe, Bai Juyi was demoted and transferred to Prince Zuozan Mountain as a doctor. The following year, he was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima for offending eunuchs and bureaucrats. Bai Juyi wrote many good poems during this period. The famous work Pipa Xing, which has been told through the ages, was written at this time.

In the second year of Changqing, Bai Juyi was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou. When he took office in Hangzhou, he made remarkable achievements in saving lakes and protecting dams. Three years later, he was appointed as Suzhou secretariat.

Since then, Bai Juyi has been transferred to the capital. However, after witnessing the intensification of party struggle in the imperial court and the chaos in the political affairs, he decided to "be immune to it", so he resigned due to illness, became obsessed with Buddhism and Taoism in his later years, and became a fragrant society with Xiangshan monks, calling himself a Buddhist in Xiangshan. Sick for six years in Huichang, aged 75.

[Master Architect-Li Jie]

Li Jie, whose name is Zhong Ming, is from Zhengzhou, a great architect in ancient China. Li Jie's father, Li Nangong, was an official for 60 years in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his brother was a straight bachelor in Longtuge. Li Jie grew up in such a family, influenced by the family since childhood, eager to learn and versatile. He is good at painting and calligraphy, with tens of thousands of books and dozens of manuscripts. He used to be the chief inspector of Naomaro. In his third year in Fu Yuan, Li Jie wrote Building French Style, which is an epoch-making work in the history of architecture. Li Jie also presided over the construction of a series of famous buildings, such as Wuhou House in 1099, Biyong Palace in102, and later Longde Palace, Dihua Room, Zhuquemen, Jiucheng Hall, Kaifeng House and Tang Ming. The official died in Guo Zhifu's post in four years. Li Jie is widely read, and has written many books, such as Continued Classic of Mountains and Seas, Pipa, Table of Continued Surnames, Ma Jing, Liu Bo, Ancient Legends and so on. His paintings and calligraphy are highly praised by Song Huizong, an expert in calligraphy and painting.

Li Jie is a buried scientist, and the history of Song Dynasty has not been biographied for him, nor has it been recorded in Zhengzhou and Zhengxian in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The evaluation of his father in the History of Song Dynasty is "following the rules repeatedly, not doing special exercises, and knowing him is not right". For his brother, "people thought it was mean" at that time.