Question 2: How to draw a 60×60 square pattern on the gypsum board roof by using Pythagorean law?
Question 3: The steps of drawing plaster head (1) are complete, the composition is full, (2) the structure is accurate, dynamic and natural, (3) the reality is proper, the priorities are clear and the levels are clear. In fact, this is also the basis of sketch training. We candidates should not only improvise, but also have targeted training at ordinary times, and master the foundation of sketch, a plastic art, so as to take the lead in the examination room and lay a solid foundation for their future development. In the process of painting, we should always grasp the painting law of "whole (observation and shaping)-part (shaping)-whole (adjustment and contrast) and form a habit. So what problems should we pay attention to in the process of painting? First, write: set the highest point, 2cm away from the edge of the drawing paper and 3cm away from the lowest point (four-cut drawing paper), set the position of the jaw, grasp the big dynamic and external shape of the object with tangent as much as possible, find out the general turning point of the object, and pay attention to the volume of the head through the square. The proportional relationship between the two is accurate, dynamic, vivid and natural. Second, start with "three stops and five eyes". To find out the position of hairline, eyebrow arch, nasal base and mouth, it is necessary to accurately see through the connecting lines between the two eyebrow arches, nasal base and two corners of the mouth, and the proportion of each segment is accurate. The analysis object is looking up, looking down or looking down, and whether there is a distant perspective vanishing point. Third, make clear the position of eyebrows, nasal septum and people. Note that the head is egg-shaped, and then find out the position and inclination of the bridge of the nose. Note that the inclination of the bridge of the nose directly determines the dynamics of the subject's head and your perspective, and find out the shape of the bridge of the nose. When locating the alar, pay attention to the ratio of the alar width to the bridge of the nose. 4. Find out the position of the deepest point of the eyebrow arch, and pay attention to the position relationship between the inner corner of the eye and the alar, and the position of the outer corner of the eye (pay attention to the side: ① the proportional relationship of the quadrilateral formed by the midpoint of the nasal bone, the inner corner of the eye, the tip of the nose and the alar, and ② the proportional relationship of the quadrilateral formed by the midpoint of the nasal bone, the outer corner of the eye, the tip of the nose and the alar. Front: ① the bridge of the nose is rectangular, ② the nose is isosceles trapezoid, ③ the bottom of the nose is hexagonal, ④ the outer corner of the eye and the bottom of the nose are inverted isosceles trapezoid). 5. The positional relationship between the mouth and the nose (the position of the person and the tip of the nose, the position of the nose wing and the corner of the mouth, the thickness of the lips), pay attention to the ratio of three stops and five eyes. Sixth, find out the highest and lowest points of the ear through the eyebrow arch and the parallel extension line from the bottom of the nose to the back of the head, and pay attention to the distance from the tragus to the midpoint of the nasal bone to find out the width of the ear. 7. Check the height of the lower lip of the mandible, then find out the inclination of the mandible based on the mandible, pay attention to the perspective formed by the mandibular tubercle on the front and the eyebrow arch and cheekbone, and the included angle between the perspective line of the mandibular tubercle and the line formed on the outside of the mandible, and then determine the diagonal position relationship of the mandibular end according to the position of the earlobe. Eight, determine the dividing line between hair and face, and check the face shape formed from mandible to hairline. Nine, adjust the shape of the neck and chest base with the head as the reference shape, whether the dynamic relationship is correct, and whether the perspective is in place (pay attention to whether the views are consistent). Ten, go back to the head shape, separate the relationship between big hair, group the hair as reasonably as possible, and pay attention to the overall sense of hair. At the same time, we should know that hair is a favorable factor to express the head structure, and we should pay great attention to the relationship between primary and secondary reality. XI。 Through the shaping of the center of the picture (five senses), it gradually extends to other levels of the picture, gradually opens up the levels, pays attention to the relationship between primary and secondary, virtual and real, structure and dynamics, and always reminds itself whether there will be "deformation". Understand the physical structure of objects and draw light and shade on the body to the greatest extent. Through step-by-step deepening, the level of the picture will be further improved and deepened, so that no matter which step, we will strive to draw a complete picture. Twelve, through in-depth characterization, further improve the picture, often look at the picture from a distance. Pay attention to the same angle when checking (it can be adjusted by the position of eyes and eyebrow arch), and adjust the primary and secondary relationship of the picture reasonably again until the picture is complete.
Question 4: How to draw plaster, cube, sphere, cylinder, etc. when sketching for beginners? Don't talk about perseverance, ask for tips and methods. First of all, live the dividing line between light and shade, but it should be noted that the dividing line between light and shade is not necessarily one. Find the dividing line between light and dark on the finished model, emphasize it with a darker pen (4-5B), and then find the dark projection. Then according to their respective shapes, they are stacked layer by layer. If you feel confused, you can wipe it with toilet paper, but don't rub it too hard, otherwise it will be blurred, and the color will spread outward along the edge of the object at the highest point and gradually fade. I hope I can help you. Don't worry, take your time, I hope I can help you. Comic book lovers, QQ:83493495
Wo.
Question 5: I studied sketching and the teacher asked me to draw a hexagon. How to draw a hexagon? What is it like/? It would be better to have a picture! ! ! A hexagon is actually a polyhedron of 12, and each face is a hexagon.
The teacher asked you to draw, didn't he give you a model? It's hard to draw without seeing it.
Question 6: 15cm How to make a hexagonal ceiling with luminous stone in the middle? 100 mark the center line and make three standard hexagonal templates (pay attention to the scale reduction or scale expansion of the structure). Draw from the center.
Question 7: Sketch a ball, how to draw the fixed point, type, light and dark dividing line, and improve it as a whole, with emphasis.
That's a good question
I don't even know how to answer!
Question 8: The restaurant wants to make such a ceiling during the renovation. How is this hexagonal lamp made? The simpler the better. The size of T4 and T5 lamps may not match, and the light in LED strip is dim, which may be a small energy-saving lamp+glass cover. As for the hexagonal opening, it is very simple, and any carpenter can do it.
Question 9: What are the main components and structural types of gypsum and the classification of building structures?
1. According to different materials, it is generally divided into wood structure, masonry structure, concrete structure, reinforced concrete structure, steel structure, prestressed steel structure and brick-concrete structure.
timber structure
Refers to the wood-based structures in buildings, which are usually connected by tenons, teeth, bolts, nails, pins and glue. Wood is a structural material that is easy to obtain and process. Wood structure is light in weight, easy to transport and disassemble, and can be used many times, so it is widely used in building construction, bridges and scaffolding. The appearance of modern glued wood structure has expanded the application scope of wood structure. However, in areas with high air temperature and humidity, termites, moths and house beetles do great harm to wood; When wood is wet, it will be corroded by wood rot fungi and rot; Wood will catch fire. Therefore, the wood structure should be protected from insects, corrosion and fire to ensure its durability.
Masonry building
Refers to the structure made of brick or stone as the main building material, which is one of the traditional architectural structures in China, creating the peak of the development of masonry towers in China, with rich forms, diverse structures and advanced structural practices. From the plane, there are squares, hexagons and octagons, and after the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty, octagons are the main ones. From the outside, there are different types such as dense eaves, pavilions and bouquets. The octagonal cornice tower appears in the cornice tower. Among the pavilion towers, one is that the tower body is made of bricks, and the outer flat seat and waist eaves are made of wood; The other is all made of bricks or stones, and the form is completely wood-like; The third type is a simplified wooden pavilion tower. The bouquet tower is completely different from the above types and has no inheritance and development relationship with the historical tower. This is a new form. Its upper part is a bouquet, and its lower part is a tower.
concrete construction
Refers to the structure mainly made of ordinary concrete. The General Symbols, Units of Measurement and Basic Terminology of Building Structure Design (GEM83-85) points out that it includes plain concrete structure, reinforced concrete structure and prestressed concrete structure. It has a wide range of applications and is the most widely used structure in civil engineering. Compared with other materials, its main advantages are: good integrity, can be cast as a whole; Good formability, and can be cast into structures of various shapes and sizes; Good durability and fire resistance; The engineering cost and maintenance cost are low. The main disadvantages are: the tensile strength of concrete is low and cracks are easy to appear; The self-weight of the structure is greater than that of the steel-wood structure; Outdoor construction is limited by climate and season; The old and new concrete are not easy to connect, which increases the difficulty of reinforcement and repair.
reinforced concrete structure
Refers to the structure made of reinforced concrete. Because the tensile strength of concrete is much lower than the compressive strength, concrete structures cannot be used for beams and plates under tensile stress. If steel bars are set in the tensile area of concrete beams and slabs, the tensile force of concrete after cracking can be borne by steel bars, so as to give full play to the advantages of high compressive strength of concrete, play the role of * * * resistance and improve the bearing capacity of concrete beams and slabs. Reinforced concrete structures are widely used in civil engineering, and all kinds of engineering structures can be built with reinforced concrete.
Steel structure
Refers to a structure mainly made of steel. Among them, the structure made of steel strip or steel plate by cold working is called cold-formed steel structure. Steel beams, steel columns, steel trusses and other components made of steel plates and sections; Components or parts are connected by welding, bolts or bolts. Steel structure has the characteristics of light weight, large bearing capacity, high reliability, large dynamic load, good seismic performance, convenient installation and good sealing performance. However, the corrosion resistance of steel structure is poor, which requires frequent maintenance and poor fire resistance. It is often used in various engineering structures with large span, high height, large load and large dynamic action.
Prestressed steel structure
Refers to the steel structure in which pre-stress is applied by a specific method before the load is applied to the structure, so that the internal stress state is favorable for the structure to bear the external load. Prestressed structures can be used in long-span building structures, crane beams, bridge-span structures, large-diameter liquid storage tanks, pressure pipes and pressure vessels. Prestressed steel structure can expand the elastic working range of the structure or component, reduce the deflection, and be more effective for strength steel, thus improving the condition of the structure or component.