Four individuals in English are equivalent to the expressions in French, Spanish and all Romance languages of Indo-European family, such as direct expression and imperative expression.

(1) Simple present tense

Basic form (take do as an example):

Third person singular: does (subject is not third person singular);

Affirmative sentence: subject+verb prototype+others;

He works for us.

Negative sentence: subject+don't/won't+verb prototype+others;

He doesn't work for us.

General question: Do/Does ++ subject+verb prototype+others.

Affirmative answer: Yes, (+subject +do/does).

Negative answer: No, (+subject+don't/don't. )

Special questions: question words+general questions

Does he work for us?

Yes, he does.

No, he didn't.

What did he do for us?

He works for us.

(2) General past tense

Past tense of be verb+action verb

Negative sentence: add not before the action verb and restore the action verb at the same time, or was/were+not;

Be placed at the beginning of the sentence; Ask questions with the past tense did of the auxiliary verb do and restore the action verb at the same time.

Does he work for us?

He doesn't work for us.

He works for us.

(3) General future tense

Am/are/is+ intend to+do or.

Will/will+do.

Now/being/going to+do it

am/is/are to+do；

Expression of simple future tense

Be go to+ verb prototype

Be+ infinitive, be to+ verb prototype, that is, to+ verb prototype

Neng+infinitive

Will soon+verb prototype

Will+verb prototype;

He will work for us.

He will work for us;

Here he comes. This is a special case of using the simple present tense to express the future tense! !

(4) Past tense and future tense

Be(was, were)to+ verb prototype

Be(was, were)about to+ verb prototype

Be(was, were)to+ verb prototype

Affirmative sentence: subject +be(was, were) qu+verb prototype ~.

Negative sentence: subject +be(was, were) buqu+verb prototype ~.

Question: Be(Was, Were)+ subject+will+verb prototype ~?

Affirmative sentence: subject +would(should)+ verb prototype ~

Negative sentence: subject +would(should)not+ verb prototype ~

Question: Would(Should)+ subject+verb prototype ~?

He will work for us.

(5) Present continuous tense

Subject +be+v. ing[ present participle] form (where v stands for verb)

Indicates what you are doing now or what you have done recently.

I am buying a book.

The first person +am+ do+sth.

The second person is +are+doing +sth (doing refers to all V v-ing).

The third person+is+doing+something.

He is working.

(6) Past continuous tense

Affirmative sentence: subject +was/were+do+others

Negative sentence: subject +was/were+not+do+others

General question and answer: Was/Were+ subject+doing+others; Answer: Yes, my subject +was/were. /no, my subject+was t/were t.

Special interrogative sentences: special interrogative words +was/were+ subject+doing+others.

He was working when he was alive.

(7) Future continuous tense

Subject +will+be+ present participle

He will work for us. He will work for us.

(8) Past continuous tense and future continuous tense

Should(would)+be+ present participle

He said that he would work for us. He said that he would work for us.

(9) The present perfect tense

Basic structure: subject +have/has+ past participle (done)

① affirmative sentence: subject +have/ you+past participle+others

② Negative sentence: subject +have/ you +not+ past participle+others.

③ General interrogative sentences: you/you+subject+past participle+others.

④ Special interrogative sentences: special interrogative words+general interrogative sentences (you/you+subject+past participle+others \

He has worked for us for ten years.

Has he worked for us for ten years?

(10) past perfect tense

Basic structure: subject +had+ past participle (done)

① affirmative sentence: subject +had+ past participle+others

② Negative sentence: subject +had+not+ past participle +others.

③ General interrogative sentences: Had+ subject+past participle+others.

Affirmative answer: yes, subject +had

Negative answer: no, subject+no.

④ Special interrogative sentences: special interrogative words+general interrogative sentences (had+ subject+past participle+others)

Grammatical judgment:

(1) to+past time point. For example:

I had finished reading this novel before nine o'clock last night.

(2) Up to+past time point. For example:

By the end of last term, we had learned more than two thousand English words.

(3) Before+past time point. For example:

They had planted 600 trees before last Wednesday.

(1 1) Future perfect tense

(shall)will+have+ verb past participle

Before+future time or before+future time

Present tense clause guided by before or by the time

He will work for us. He will work for us.

(12) past and future perfect tense

Should/should have done something.

He said he would work for us. He said that he would work for us.

present perfect progressive tense

It is basically the same as the present perfect tense, but it can only express the concept that is still going on.

Have/ has always been a +-ing participle.

He has worked for us for ten years. He has worked for us for ten years.

Past perfect continuous tense

It has always been a +-ing participle.

He said that he had worked for us for ten years. He said that he had worked for us for ten years.

(15) Future perfect continuous tense

Subject+should/will be doing all the time.

He will always work for us. He will work for us.

He has been working for us recently (past, present and future)

(16) Past and future perfect continuous tense

Should+has been+ present participle is used in the first person.

The present participle is used in other people.

He said that he would always work for us. He said that he would work for us.

For example:

There are 12 main tenses in English, all of which come from three tenses (past, present and future).

Now take Elis Teng as an example. For example, there are the following 12 main tenses in English:

Simple present tense: I'm listening

I'm listening.

I'm listening.

Now perfect tense: I have listened.

I have been listening in the present perfect continuous tense.

Simple future tense: I should listen or I will listen.

Future continuous tense: I will listen

Simple past tense: I listened.

I have listened to it.

I have been listening.

I should have listened to it.

I should have been listening.

There is no possessive case in English.

A common misunderstanding is that there is only one genus ending in "'s" in English. However, linguists show that English possessive case is not a case at all, but an independent word, which is not a part of the previous word in writing and pronunciation. This can be illustrated by the following sentence: the wife of the king of Sparta is Helen. If "s" is possessive, then "wife" belongs to Sparta, but "s" refers not only to Sparta, but to the king of Sparta.

The above example does not mean that English does not have its own genius; But now it has developed into another form. In old English, the possessive form of ban is banes. Later, in modern English, this developed into "bone's" represented by "s". /kloc-In the 8th century, people explained that ellipsis replaced a possessive pronoun, just as "the king's horse" was the abbreviation of "the king, his horse". But this explanation is incorrect. People believe that ellipsis has replaced the "e" in old English.

English and "dative"

In modern English, case is no longer a part of English grammar, but only appears in some expressions. A good example is the word "I think". It comes from the change of dative form in old English: me (personal pronoun of dative case) +thinks (to see, a phrase close to the verb phrase to think). English dative case can be used without prepositions, such as "He made me a snowman." In this example, "I" is such a situation.

Passive voice cannot be used as tense in English.

In some English textbooks, due to the editor's own understanding of the passive voice or other reasons, the passive voice is mistaken for the tense, but in fact, the passive voice is the voice and cannot be regarded as the tense. In Britain, this is common sense. Therefore, in Britain, if someone makes such a mistake, it is simply ridiculous.