(2) Delayed cultivation in greenhouse. 400-500 hearts will be planted in the delayed cultivation mu shed, and the output will be 3,000-4,000 kg in the second year and 6,000-8,000 kg in the third year. The dream of eating fresh peaches in the Spring Festival has come true.
(3) Delayed cultivation of greenhouse bonsai. By adopting technical measures such as pinching, twisting the tip, pulling branches, crown control and flower promotion, the bonsai of red peach reflecting frost can be cultivated in the same year, flowering in the same year, flowering and fruiting in the next year, and supplied to the market from New Year's Day to Spring Festival. The fresh peach bonsai printed with the words of blessing, happiness, longevity, happiness and luck is a highlight of the flower bonsai market before the Spring Festival. L, Botanical characteristics: the tree shape is relatively open, with the base angle of the main branch of 45-55, 1 mature branch is reddish brown, the 2-year-old branch is dark reddish brown, the 3-year-old branch is grayish brown, and the main branch and perennial branch are grayish white. The leaves are dark green, large and lanceolate, with dull serrated edges and reticulate veins. The leaf length is 345.5px, the width is 79px, the petiole is 45px, the tip of the leaf is gradually pointed, and the nectary is kidney-shaped and huge. The petals are pink, half-open, and the pollen is large. Calyx tube small.
2. Economic characteristics of the fruit The fruit is round, with a longitudinal diameter of 180px and a transverse diameter of 195px, and the fruit shape is regular. The fruit is large, with an average single fruit weight of 2 16.5g and a maximum of 425g The background color is yellow-green, and the fruit surface is bright rose red, which is bright and beautiful. The top of the fruit is flat, the surface is smooth, there is no fluff, the fruit handle is shallow, and there is no rust spot. The skin is thick and smooth. The pulp is milky white and pink near the core; The content of soluble substances is18.65438 0%, and the highest is 26%. The pulp is crisp, sweet and delicious, with pleasant fragrance, excellent flavor and high quality. The stone is small and the edible rate of fruit is 97%. The fruit has high hardness and can be stored and transported. It has been stored in the cold storage from New Year's Day to Spring Festival.
3. Growth and fruiting habits reflect frost. Young trees of hearts are robust, upright, stop growing late and have a large annual growth. After fruit, the tree is medium and the crown is open. Annual branches grow vigorously and have various growth habits. Young trees mainly bear medium and long branches, and bear medium and short branches after tree vigor is relaxed. Self-pollination ability is strong. It is easy to blossom and bear fruit early and has high yield. After planting for 2 years, the yield per mu is 5000 kg in 3 years, and the yield per mu in 4-5 years 10000 kg or more. The fruit development is obviously divided into three periods: from flower withering to early June, the fruit grows rapidly, and the longitudinal diameter is larger than the transverse diameter; In mid-June, the fruit entered a slow growth period, and the fruit increased slightly, with dark green color and much hair. Until September, the fruit turned into a rapid expansion period, and the fruit expanded rapidly, the fluff decreased, the color began to increase, and the sugar content showed the characteristics of this variety, and it matured at the end of September.
4. The general phenological period is late March, and the growth period of new shoots is from early April to early September. The leaves are cold-resistant, and the leaves begin to fall when the temperature drops below zero in the middle and late months of 165438 10. The bud swells in late March and blooms in early April. The flowering period is 7- 10 days, and the fruit development takes about 200 days. Fruits can be harvested in the middle and late of165438+1early October1October.
5. Strong adaptability, stress resistance, drought resistance, cold resistance and pest resistance. In hilly areas without water irrigation, the growth results are normal. Strong cold resistance. Generally speaking, other peaches begin to shed their leaves after 1 month. According to the observation of introduction in Zhangye City, Gansu Province, the lowest temperature in winter is MINUS 25 degrees, and there is no freezing injury. June-August is the season with frequent pests and diseases. This kind of peach is in a slow growth period, with small fruit, much hair and strong stress resistance. By mid-September, when the fruit swelled, the temperature had dropped, the diseases were mild, and most pests entered the dormant period, so the fruit rate of pests and diseases was very small. L, the garden reflects frost and red peaches, which are light-loving, drought-resistant and barren-resistant, and can be built in mountainous hills with shallow soil layers. The underground water level is below lm, the drainage is good, the ventilation is good, and there is no water accumulation or waterlogging in the rainy season. The garden can also be built on sandy loam. Planing tree holes with length, width 1m and depth of 0.5m, adding soil and miscellaneous fertilizer when backfilling, and applying 1 10,000 kg per mu. The suitable plant spacing in hilly area is 3×2m and 3×4m, and that in plain area is 3×5m or 4×5m. Generally, planting should be carried out before germination in early winter or spring (planting should be carried out in winter to prevent cold). Fix the stem immediately after planting, and the height of the stem is 40- 1250px. Water it and cover it with plastic film.
2. Fertilizer and water management Top dressing three times before germination, after fruit setting and during the rapid fruit expansion period, especially in mid-September (that is, the rapid fruit expansion period). Nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer in the early stage, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is applied in the later stage. Generally, it is appropriate to apply1-2kg per plant. After the first ten days of May, topdressing outside the roots combined with spraying drugs every LO- 15 days, 3%-0.5% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can also be sprayed with 200 times photosynthetic micro-fertilizer. Watering depends on rainfall, generally watering 3-4 times a year, that is, before germination, after fruit setting, during flowering and freezing water period. Drainage should be done in time in rainy season to prevent waterlogging.
3. The natural shape should be adopted for the shaping and pruning of the corresponding cream red peach, with the trunk generally around 1250px and the base angle of the main branch being 45-55. The main branches should be lightly cut in winter 1-3 years after planting, so as to increase the number of branches as soon as possible and bear fruit in advance. Cultivate small fruit branches or several single fruit branches on the main branch by using long and medium fruit branches every year. On the back of the main branch, the bearing branch group should be small but not large, and large and medium bearing branch groups can be left on both sides and below the back, and attention should be paid to the timely update of bearing branch groups. Summer pruning should be carried out 2-3 times a year to eliminate long skills, cut short vegetative branches and speed up the cultivation of branches.
4, pest control before germination, with 5 degrees stone sulfur mixture spraying branches, in order to control a variety of pests and diseases. Spraying 1500 times of aphid lice net when aphids are harmful in the growing season. Spraying 2000 times of nisolone or 3000 times of acaricide about 20 days after flowering to control Tetranychus urticae. In mid-June, mid-July and mid-August, 25% diflubenzuron No.3 was sprayed with 2000 times solution, or 20% diflubenzuron 800- 1000 times solution was sprayed alternately to control liriomyza sativae. In late May and late June, spraying 2,000 times of peach fruit borer to control peach fruit borer. From the end of April, 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution and 500% mancozeb solution were sprayed every half month to prevent gummosis and bacterial perforation. To cultivate bonsai, we can take the method of coring for many times to promote branching and increase the amount of branching. When the new shoots reach 15-25 in early and middle July, a compact tree type is cultivated by combining the expansion angle and twisted branches. And spraying paclobutrazol to promote flowers. In the second year, delayed cultivation techniques can be used to realize the listing from New Year's Day to Spring Festival. You can also bag the fruit, take the bag 20 days before the bonsai is sold 15, and immediately paste auspicious words or patterns such as happiness, luck, longevity and celebration. When the bonsai is sold, the words and patterns are all on the peach, and the green leaves and red fruits add various patterns to each other, which is better than the natural benefit of flower viewing.