The purpose of pruning and shaping grapes in winter is to make full use of light energy and space, coordinate vegetative growth and reproductive growth, balance tree potential, determine reasonable load, and make grapes stable and high quality. Varieties that need to be buried for cold protection should be carried out after defoliation in autumn and before soil freezing, and varieties that don't need to be buried for cold protection can be carried out after defoliation and before the sap flow period (bleeding period) in the following spring.

(1) Determine the pruning content around the reasonable load of bud. According to the tree potential and shelf surface, combined with varieties, determine the reasonable amount of buds left. Generally, each square meter of shelf surface can accommodate about 15 ~ 20 new shoots, which should be increased or decreased according to the tree potential.

(2) pruning method. When pruning branches, you should cut them 3 ~ 5 cm above the branches, or cut off the upper part of the branches. 1 thinning. Thoroughly cut off unnecessary branches from the base, cut off dead branches, pests and diseases, useless secondary branches and excessive branches, and ensure that each main vine can be equipped with a group of fruiting branches at regular intervals. It should be noted that the cut should be controlled at about 1 cm from the base, and should not be cut near the base. After the residual pile at the cutting mouth is completely dried, cut it from the base. 2 shortcuts. The cutting length mainly depends on the need of pruning and the quality of mature new shoots. Generally, one-year-old mature new shoots are cut to the required length, that is, 2 ~ 4 knots are reserved for short branches, 5 ~ 7 knots are reserved for middle branches, and 8 ~ 12 knots are reserved for long branches. ③ Update. Shrinking and cutting the branches and vines whose fruiting parts move up or forward too fast, and replacing them with mature new shoots at or near the base; Results The mother branch was kept long, and the long and middle branches were pruned. The next branch was used as a preparatory branch to cut 2 ~ 3 buds, which was repeated every year. It is reliable to cultivate regenerated shoots by this method, and it is mostly suitable for varieties with weak branching ability. When pruning old perennial trees, the retraction and regeneration of branches and vines should be considered to promote the rejuvenation of old trees. It can be retracted and renewed on the main branches and side branches, and is also suitable for roots.