1. Fructus Amomi Crataegi is very rich in organic acids and vitamins, and has the functions of promoting fluid production to quench thirst, promoting digestion, removing annoyance and relieving depression.
2. Sewing essence to stop diarrhea and sand fruit tastes sour, and astringent essence has good antidiarrheal effect, which is a good dietotherapy for diarrhea and nocturnal emission.
3. The decoction of Amomum villosum root has the function of expelling insects and killing insects, and can treat diseases caused by sandfly and ascaris lumbricoides.
4. The fresh or dry leaves of Mingmu Shaguo have the functions of purging fire, improving eyesight, killing insects and detoxifying. Can be used for treating cyanosis, conjunctival blindness and infantile scabies.
Selected document
Herbal dietotherapy: "quenching thirst"; "The main valley dysentery. Seepage. "
Rihuazi Materia Medica: "Reduce qi, treat cholera, abdominal pain and remove phlegm."
"Kaibao Materia Medica": "Don't eat too much, have a fever and rest, which makes people sleep badly, causing cold phlegm, boils and pulse impassability."
Materia Medica of South Yunnan: "Treat all cold accumulation and swelling, lack of middle qi, like malaria instead of malaria, and turn all winds, phlegm and qi stagnation."
Outline of Medicine Forest: "Quench thirst, remove vexation, relieve summer heat and remove blood stasis." Shaguo is rich in protein, fat, carbohydrates, calories, crude fiber, carotene, vitamin B 1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, nicotinic acid, calcium, phosphorus, iron, potassium, sodium and magnesium.
The water content per 100g is 82. G, protein 0.3g, fat 0.8g, carbohydrate 15. 1 g, heat 69kcal, crude fiber 0.9g, ash 0.2g, calcium 45mg, phosphorus 9mg, iron 0.9mg, carotene 0.05mg, thiamine 0.02mg and riboflavin 0.02mg. Harvest and storage: roots can be dug and sliced all year round; Picking fruits when they are ripe in summer and autumn; The whole plant is harvested in summer and autumn, chopped and dried.
Note: Shaguo is astringent and should not be eaten more; People with spleen deficiency and qi deficiency should not eat it.
Spicy in nature; Gan; Sexual apathy
The function is mainly to dispel wind and dehumidify; Cough and asthma. Treating rheumatism and arthralgia; Cough and asthma; pleurisy
Usage and dosage: decoction, 6-15g; Or soak in wine. 1. casserole soup casserole (half cooked) 10. Wash Fructus Amomi Crataegi, slice it, put it in a pot, add 1000ml water and boil it for 500ml. Take 1 bowl twice a day, with fruit and soup, and take it on an empty stomach. This soup has the effects of regulating stomach, resolving food stagnation and stopping diarrhea. Suitable for abdominal pain and diarrhea caused by enteritis or dysentery.
2.3 slices of sand juice. After washing Amomum villosum, remove the core, mash and wring juice. 10 ml twice a day. This fruit juice has the effect of resolving food stagnation and stopping diarrhea. It is suitable for infantile diarrhea.
3. 50 grams of fresh Shaguo and 30 grams of Euryale ferox in Shaguo Euryale ferox soup. Slice Amomum villosum, add Euryale ferox, add 3 bowls of water, and * * * decoct into 1 bowl of soup, and take it twice. This soup has the effect of consolidating semen and is suitable for male nocturnal emission.
4. 5 pieces of vinegar, 50 grams of rice casserole and white vinegar. Wash hawthorn, cut into ten pieces, air-dry, air-dry, grind into polished rice, add white vinegar and mix well. Every time 1 spoon, twice a day 1. This prescription has the effects of promoting qi circulation, relieving pain, resolving phlegm and resolving hard mass, and is suitable for children's diseases such as epilepsy and emaciation. Plot selection
1, convenient transportation and irrigation conditions.
2. Built on a gentle slope, the soil layer is deep, the soil is fertile, and there is mild saline-alkali land.
3. Plots with the lee facing the sun (cannot be built in the secondary wind hillock).
4, according to the orchard area size reasonable planning, do forest (windbreak forest), fruit, canal, road supporting.
5. Orchard area: the area is not limited by topography.
Seedling selection
1, seedling height 80- 120cm.
2. Seedling roots: There are more than 4 lateral roots, each with a length greater than 15cm, evenly distributed, and more small lateral roots. High-quality strong seedlings, developed roots, no damage, no pests and diseases, and quarantine certificates, otherwise it is not suitable for purchase.
3. Seedling thickness: above ground diameter 1cm.
4. Seedling quality: There must be more than 8 strong buds on the stem of the seedling, 40-80 cm below the stem, so that good branches can be issued after the stem is fixed, and the rootstock can heal well to ensure the survival of grafting.
5. Look for autumn buds. Only by selecting fruit tree seedlings with smooth surface, less fluff and no autumn shoots can the cold resistance be improved.
6. See if the skin is dehydrated. You should choose fruit tree seedlings with fresh skin color, even if the seedlings are dehydrated and dry, it is difficult to survive.
planting density
Generally, the row spacing of 3×5 meters is adopted for tall crowns, that is, 44 plants are planted per mu, and wide rows and narrow plants can be interplanted with fruit trees and crops, that is, 2×8-9 and 2.5×6-7 meters; Short crowns can also be planted with a spacing of 2×4 m; 83 plants are planted per mu, and the intercropping of fruit and grain can be 2 × 6-8m or 3 × 2m, with planting11plant per mu. The plant spacing of 3 × 4m can be adopted, that is, 56 plants can be planted per mu.
Configuration of pollination tree
1, generally every 3-4 rows of main varieties are equipped with a row of pollination trees.
2. The planting ratio of pollinated trees: 2: 1 or 3: 1.
3. Principles of pollinating tree species selection
① Suitable for local environmental conditions.
② The variety is good.
(3) Enter the flowering stage at the same time as the main varieties.
④ High seed setting rate.
⑤ It has certain economic value.
Soil preparation and planting
Pit specifications: dig a circular pit with a diameter of 80- 100 cm, press straw on the bottom of the pit, and mix fertilizer with topsoil for backfilling. 50- 100 kg (cooked manure), calcium superphosphate 1 kg and black alum 0. 1 kg per pit.
1, plots with strong pesticide residues are not suitable for planting fruit trees, but they can be planted after the drug effect period.
2. Spring planting should be completed from April 25th to May15th every year, and compacted and watered.
3. The excavation of autumn planting should be completed before September, and the autumn planting should be compacted and filled with water before the soil freezes.
4. Planting: after planting, fix the stem at 60-80 cm or 80- 100 cm. Planting depth: the seam of rootstock is parallel to the ground.
5, shaping and pruning: different tree shapes are selected according to different planting densities, and the "small crown sparse layer shape" is adopted for 3×5 meters; 2× 4m adopts "free spindle shape"; 2× 8-9m, 2.5× 6-7m and 2× 6-8m are cylindrical with three main branches at the bottom. In the first year, after the fruit trees are dried thoroughly, leave a setting belt on 20 cm and smooth the rest buds. 1. Soil management: once every other year after planting, put a tree nest (dig a pit around the tree), press in straw and green manure, apply more farm manure and change the soil (the method is the same as digging a planting pit). The depth is 80- 100 cm, and the time can be spring, summer and autumn.
2. The tray tree is covered with grass in the middle and late May, with a thickness of 20 cm.
3. Fertilization: Apply high-quality farmyard manure as base fertilizer again in autumn, with 30 kg per plant for 2-3 years and 50 kg per plant for 4-5 years. It is best to mix 2 kg of calcium superphosphate for fertilization per plant.
Methods: Dig an annular ditch with a depth of 40-60 cm and a width of 30-50 cm at the outer edge of the crown or combine with orchard deep ploughing. In June, combined with irrigation, topdressing urea 0.2kg/plant.
Fertilization amount: increase or decrease according to soil fertility and tree age. These methods include shallow furrow fertilization or hole application.
Spraying fertilizer: after the new shoots are fully spread, spray 0.3% urea aqueous solution on the leaves once, and spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution once in July and August. Generally, fertilizer should be sprayed before 10 in the morning and after 4 pm to prevent fertilizer damage.
4. Irrigation: When the soil moisture content is lower than 50%, irrigate the orchard in time. Generally, water must be maintained five times a year, including four times from March to June, before freezing 1 time. Irrigation is determined according to the rainfall in July, August and September (irrigation times are appropriately increased in sandy orchards). Method: Do tree tray irrigation. Drainage in rainy season, after the rain, the saline-alkali soil should be loosened in time. Common diseases
Spraying 5-degree lime-sulfur mixture (quicklime and sulfur) once before germination in April-May, fully disinfecting the orchard, making a good forecast, and timely preventing and controlling awning caterpillar, yellow thorn moth, apple moth, floating dust, etc. To prevent floating dust from laying eggs on branches from September to June.
Prevention and cure method
(1) Applying white paint on young trees before adults lay eggs in autumn can effectively prevent adults from laying eggs and freezing injury.
(2) In early spring, before the larvae hatch, they can squeeze the egg marks with wooden sticks to kill the overwintering eggs.
(3) Newly hatched larvae tend to live in groups for food, and adults and nymphs are inactive when the morning dew is not open, so they can be caught by artificial nets.
(4) Adults have strong phototaxis, and a large number of adults can be eliminated by trapping and killing with lights in orchards with conditions.
(5) Adults and larvae like to feed on dwarf plants, and raising chickens in orchards is also a very effective way to control this kind of insect.
(6) When the overwintering eggs hatch and the larvae are transferred to dwarf plants to feed, chemicals can be used to prevent and control them, with 40% omethoate EC 1000- 15000 times, 90% trichlorfon, 90% dichlorvos 1000 times or/kloc-.
(7) Strengthen orchard management, remove weeds in orchard, and carefully select suitable intercropping crops in young orchard to improve insect resistance.