The Southern Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty were bounded by the Huaihe River, with the south belonging to the Southern Song Dynasty and the north belonging to the Jin Dynasty. It can be seen that the two provinces of Henan and Shandong were controlled by the Jin Kingdom, and most of northern Jiangsu was controlled by the Southern Song Dynasty. Although most of the major population and economic provinces at that time were controlled by the Jin Kingdom, the total economic volume of the Jin Kingdom was still not as large as that of the Southern Song Dynasty. The Song Dynasty was a glorious and glorious era of rapid development of economy, science, and technology in ancient China. According to the "Miscellaneous Notes of the Government and Folk since Jianyan", during the Xifeng years of the Northern Song Dynasty, the annual income was 60 million, and in the last years of Chunxi of the Southern Song Dynasty, it was 6,530. Wan Min, slightly higher than the Northern Song Dynasty. Lin'an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, was the political, economic and cultural center of that time. There is an endless stream of cargo ships arriving from Zhejiang and other prefectures and counties. In addition, handicrafts and commerce are very developed in cities along the river such as Pingjiang, Jiankang, Ezhou, and Jiangling. Markets are more widespread than those in the Northern Song Dynasty. There are 800 markets along the Guangdong Province alone, which reflects the prosperity of commerce from one aspect. Domestic trade was relatively developed in the Southern Song Dynasty. The government of the Southern Song Dynasty set up markets along the Huaihe River and in the western border areas, called quenchangs. In addition to the market, there are a large number of private transactions among the private sector. Bronze mirrors made in Huzhou during the Southern Song Dynasty have been found in tombs in present-day Jilin, Inner Mongolia and other places. Books engraved in Fuzhou have also been found in the ruins of Heishui City in western Inner Mongolia. As for porcelain from Jingdezhen and Longquan, it is spread all over the country. The overseas trade of the Southern Song Dynasty also exceeded that of the Northern Song Dynasty. In the last years of Emperor Gaozong's reign, the city's annual shipping income reached 2 million guan, more than twice the annual income of 630,000 guan during the Zhiping period of the Northern Song Dynasty. Due to the development of commerce and foreign trade, currency minting was in short supply. In foreign trade, copper coins flowed out in large quantities. Paper money increasingly replaced copper coins as the main means of exchange. During the Song and Jin Dynasties, the water conservancy projects in the south greatly exceeded those in the north. Historical records: "After crossing to the south, the benefits of paddy fields became more abundant in the Central Plains, so water conservancy flourished." ("Song History Food and Huo Zhi") In addition to repairing water conservancy projects that had been abandoned for a long time, many new projects were also built. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the polder area expanded again. For example, in Dangtu, Wuhu, and Fanchang counties in Taiping Prefecture, the polder area accounts for eighty-nine-tenths of the county's farmland. There are 179 polders in Xuancheng County. In addition, a large number of fields, sand fields, terraced fields, etc. are also being reclaimed, and the farmland area is increasing. Agricultural production technology is also the most advanced in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, followed by Sichuan. Farmers in Jiangsu and Zhejiang plow their fields deeply, making the soil as fine as flour. In the hot season, water is released into the fields and exposed to the sun to make the seedling roots strong, which is called "relying on the field." After the seedling roots are strong, driving water into the fields is called "returning water." From then on, if there is a drought, it will not dry up and a good harvest can be ensured. At that time, the yield from the top-quality land was five to six dan. This is how the proverb "When Suhu is ripe, the world is full".

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