Cultivation method of mysterious fruit (basic knowledge): the best breeding time: mysterious fruit should be sown and propagated with the harvest; Cutting propagation and high pressure propagation are suitable for April-June.
Best growing soil: Mysterious fruit likes acidic sandy soil, which is rich in organic matter and has a PH value of 4.5 ~ 5.8.
Growth humidity requirements: Mysterious fruit needs high temperature and humidity conditions, and is suitable for growing in tropical and subtropical areas with humid altitude, but it still has certain drought and cold tolerance.
Optimum growth temperature: mysterious fruit likes high temperature and high humidity, and the suitable growth temperature is 20 ~ 30℃.
Best growth light: mysterious fruit likes light, and mysterious fruit at seedling stage can accept direct sunlight.
Matters needing attention in cultivating mysterious fruit: fertilization:
Fertilization should be based on the size of seedlings and different seasons. It is necessary to apply less concentrated fertilizer, more dilute fertilizer, less nitrogen fertilizer and more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.
1. Peanut rot: Dissolve peanut rot in water and pour it directly on the soil surface.
2, compound fertilizer: put a small amount of compound fertilizer directly on the soil surface, not too close to the roots.
3. Animal manure.
4, you can fertilize once a month, a small amount can be.
Water supply point:
Mysterious fruit is very draught, so you should keep the soil moist at ordinary times. You can water it once in the morning and once in the evening when the weather is hot, and once a day when it is cloudy. It depends on the situation in winter. There is no need to have water every day. Mysterious fruit likes acidity, so rain is very helpful for the growth of mysterious fruit. Usually you can also pour rice water, which is very nutritious.
Pruning points:
Mysterious fruit should be topdressing outside the roots in the fruit-bearing period and viewed as potted plants. When the height of the seedling reaches 15-3o cm, it will be trimmed to cultivate a circular crown.
Potted soil replacement:
April-August is the appropriate time to change pots every year. Pruning must adopt different pruning methods according to different periods of new shoots, such as pulling branches, supporting branches, breaking tops, etc. So as to increase the crown width of the tree, reduce the height of the tree and sprout more useful branches, and then cut off redundant, crowded and useless branches, so that the tree can be fixed at the early stage of fruiting.
Mature trees should be shaped according to the tree, and don't stick to a fixed pattern. As long as the inside and outside of the tree are ventilated and the branches at all levels are evenly and orderly distributed, only in this way can we suppress the strong and help the weak.
Breeding point:
Mysterious fruits can be sown, cut and propagated under high pressure.
1, sowing and breeding
Select fresh and ripe fruits, wash the pulp and peel, take out the seeds and dry them. Seeds should not be stored for a long time, but should be planted with the harvest, and the incidence rate is above 9+. Prepare seedbed before sowing, and use clean and loose culture soil as substrate. Spreading or sowing on the seedbed, covering the soil for 2 cm after sowing, controlling the temperature at 26-28 degrees Celsius, keeping the culture soil moist, and sprouting in 60-80 days. When the seedlings grow to 4-5 true leaves, soil balls can be put into flower pots or nutrient bags filled with culture soil for cultivation management. Seedling growth is slow.
2. Cutting
From April to June, the semi-fermented or completely fermented branches of the year were cut into cuttings, the length of which was about 6- 10 cm, and the lower end of the cuttings was cut into an axe shape, which was moderately fumigated with hormone solution (NAA 100mg/l) and inserted into clean sandy loam. Treating mysterious fruit cuttings with hormones can not only promote rooting, but also have high rooting rate, early rooting and early budding, which is obviously better than direct cutting. The bed should be kept at a proper temperature and concealed. After the new roots are generated, they should be transplanted into nutrient bags and maintained in nurseries. Seedling cutting will end early, making the tree shorter.
3. High-voltage propagation
In April-June, mature branches with vigorous growth of 1-2 years old were selected. High-pressure girdling □ The length is 3-4 cm, and the upper and lower knives of girdling should be neat, reaching the girdling height, peeling and scraping to form a layer. Because the mysterious fruit is hard, air layering is difficult to take root, and the success rate of reproduction is low. Therefore, evenly spreading the prepared rooting powder (abt2) 5OO mg/L or iba5OO mg/L on the girdling part is beneficial to promoting rooting and effectively improving the survival rate of air layering.
Pest control:
The main pests of mysterious fruit are scale insects, scale insects and so on. , concentrated in the flower and fruit period. Therefore, when flower buds are formed, 4%+ omethoate or 10% pentacypermethrin can be sprayed for control. The frequency of diseases is reduced.
Expand knowledge-the magic of mysterious fruit: this magical plant is the mysterious fruit that originated in tropical Africa. It contains a taste-changing protease (also known as mysterious fruit element), which can not really change the taste of food, but can change people's taste, so people will feel sweet after eating mysterious fruit. When eating this mysterious fruit, this mysterious fruit element will be distributed on the taste cell membrane of the tongue. In a neutral pH environment, the sweet receptor protein on the mysterious fruit element will not bind to the sweet receptor site, so the mysterious fruit element has no sweetness. After eating acidic food, the structure of taste cell membrane on the tongue will change because of the existence of acid. At this time, the sweet receptor protein will combine with the sweet receptor site, so it will feel sweet, and the mysterious fruit will be tightly combined with the tongue surface for more than 2 hours. Within 1 ~ 2 hours after eating the mysterious fruit, the acidic food you eat will feel extremely sweet. Therefore, the function of changing the taste of mysterious fruit is a natural, physical and safe change, which is suitable for daily consumption.
In the food industry, people often use mysterious fruit as seasoning. Mysterious fruit is an evergreen shrub with beautiful tree shape and lush foliage. It was introduced from China in 1960s and cultivated as a garden ornamental plant in many areas. Small white flowers bloom in September every year, and bear fruit in June 5438+1October, and the fruit turns from green to red in June 5438+065438+1October.