I. Scientific management of soil

There is no doubt about the importance of soil to plants. It is not only the basis of all plant production and growth, but also the storage and feeding space of plant water and nutrition. The quality of plant growth is closely related to soil, so greening and maintenance must improve soil fertility by various means to provide a good environment for plant growth. For landscaping, loosening soil and weeding are the first necessary steps of soil management. Loosening can effectively reduce the evaporation of water in the soil, and obviously improve the aeration of the soil, so that the organic matter in it can be decomposed and transformed faster, thus improving the nutrients in the soil and making the roots of plants grow better. The specific loosening methods are different according to different plant types. Generally speaking, the loosening depth of herbs should be about 5 cm, while the loosening depth of trees (except shrubs) should be between 5- 10 cm. The loosening frequency is roughly twice a year, and large shrubs and trees can be once every two years. In addition, weeds do great harm to plants, compete with plants for water, gas, fertilizer and heat, and are not beautiful to landscape gardens, so weeds near plants must be removed frequently. Loosening and weeding can be carried out at the same time, and the weeding frequency should be more than one year, and the range should be in the tree tray of trees.

Second, regular irrigation and drainage.

Too much or too little water in the soil will affect the growth of plants. Irrigation and drainage must be carried out regularly. Only by doing this often can we effectively adjust the water quantity in the soil, thus maintaining the water balance in plants and ensuring their normal growth. The irrigation method of garden plants should be centered on the trunk of trees and irrigated and maintained in trays. Generally, the depth of the pallet can be controlled between 15-30 cm. Based on the dripping water from the crown, the soil should be loosened in the tray between irrigation and maintenance to make the water fully penetrate and the embankment should be flat. It should be noted that the irrigation scope should be paid attention to. The irrigation range is too small, and the roots far away from the dry foundation can not get enough water supply, which affects the growth of plants. Pay attention to irrigation, irrigation should be appropriate, timely, full and thorough, but avoid excessive; In case of drought, irrigation should be done immediately after topdressing, because the soil moisture is insufficient, and topdressing alone will aggravate the drought; In addition, it is forbidden to use waste water and sewage as irrigation water quality. Try to avoid hard water and give priority to soft water. Drainage is to avoid the harm of excessive water to plants caused by lack of oxygen. The commonly used methods include open ditch drainage, underground ditch drainage, and ground drainage on slope surface.

Third, rational fertilization management.

Fertilization is an important part of conservation management, and reasonable fertilization can better supplement the nutrients needed for plant growth and accelerate its growth. First of all, pay attention to the time of fertilization. In the planting stage, garden plants should be treated with base fertilizer, usually in late autumn, because this is the peak period of plant root growth, and fertilization can promote the growth of their roots, help plants overwinter and lay the foundation for the next year's growth. Topdressing is carried out in the early and late stages of plant growth, and topdressing is carried out in the early stage before flowering, flower tooth differentiation and production peak; Late topdressing should be carried out after flowering and flower bud differentiation, and the time should be determined according to specific areas and plant species, and it cannot be generalized.

Fourth, increase the prevention and control of garden pests and diseases

Urban landscaping works play a very important role in urban ecosystem. Therefore, improving the plant community's ability to resist pests and diseases is the focus of the maintenance and management of landscaping projects at this stage. Therefore, in the landscaping project, artificial control, biological control and chemical control should be optimized and combined to realize the perfect combination of ground cover plant communities, shrubs and trees, improve the greening level of garden green space, increase the plant population diversity and the ability to restrict each other among species, and reduce the situation of single species caused by pests and diseases. At the same time, we should pay attention to fundamentally reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, regularly apply foliar topdressing to plants to prevent and control pests and diseases, enhance their own ability to resist pests and diseases, and improve their ability to resist pests and diseases by improving maintenance and management measures.