The pruning of hawthorn trees should be mainly in winter, supplemented by summer: for a long time, the management and pruning of hawthorn trees were extensive, and most of them did not pay attention to tree shape, so there were some bad phenomena such as disordered tree structure, bare inner cavity, superficial results and low yield. Pruning hawthorn trees is slightly more complicated than pruning apples and pears. In the process of shaping and pruning, it should conform to its growth and fruiting habits and natural environmental conditions. Cutting again and cutting more often leads to late formation, late fruiting and low yield in the early stage. If you put it slowly and don't cut it down, the trees will be out of order, and the fruit may be early, but the yield is not high, and the yield in the later stage is not high either. There is neither a reasonable tree structure nor a suitable branch distribution. The pruning principles of hawthorn trees should be flexibly mastered according to the characteristics of species and varieties, environmental conditions, fertilizer and water management level, tree potential and branch potential, and cannot be stereotyped. When shaping young hawthorn trees, the trunk should be low and the opening angle of the backbone branches should be large to make full use of light and heat resources and space. Reasonable use of auxiliary branches, maintain a moderately strong tree crown, good ventilation and light transmission conditions.

When young hawthorn trees grow too vigorously, fewer flower buds are formed and the fruit setting rate is low; When the tree is flourishing, there are many flower buds, but the quality is poor, the fruit setting rate is low, and the flower and fruit drop are serious; Only by maintaining the golden mean can we achieve high yield every year. The age of hawthorn tree is not obvious, but if it is pruned too much, its vegetative growth is too vigorous, its reserves are too small, or it bears too much fruit, it may bear fruit in different years. The nutritional growth of young hawthorn trees is generally more vigorous than that of apple trees and pear trees. If forced pruning into a tree shape, when the pruning amount is too heavy, it is easy to cause excessive growth, inhibit the formation of flower buds and delay the fruiting period. At present, the main problem of hawthorn pruning is simplification.

It is believed that as long as the dense branches are thinned out, the branch group can be recovered. Therefore, some hawthorn trees have irregular tree shape, unreasonable structure, too many main branches, too long extended branches, or no cuttings, the secondary branches are larger than the main branches, the upper branches are strong and the lower branches are weak, the base is bare, the inner cavity is empty, the bearing area is small and the yield is low. There is also a hawthorn orchard, which is not dry after planting, the terminal bud branches extend too long, the single branch grows, the total branch quantity is not much, and the fruiting branches are few, which affects the early yield; After some hawthorn trees are fixed, all the sprouted branches are preserved, one branch is not sparse, the branches on the middle trunk are dense, the main branch is strong, and the trunk is weak. Although this pruning method can also bear fruit early, it is unreasonable in shape, few branches, low in yield and poor in quality, which leads to the abnormal phenomenon that the tree body is disordered, the main branches are not divided, the branches are few, and the auxiliary branches are larger than the main branches.

Although auxiliary branches can bear fruit early, if there are too many auxiliary branches, it will inevitably affect the illumination in the inner room, resulting in disorder of the tree, few branches, low and unstable yield. In some hawthorn orchards, the middle branch is lightly cut and put long, while the three main branches of 1 layer are cut and topped repeatedly in summer, resulting in the imbalance between the middle branch and the thick branch, and the main branch of the first layer is small. In some hawthorn orchards, in summer 1 layer, the extended branches of main branches and lateral branches were severely enucleated many times, 1 year or even three times. Because the earlier, heavier and more times of pinching in summer, the more serious the inhibition on the growth and growth potential of mother branches is. Because the growth of main branches in 1 layer is inhibited, the growth of middle branches is more vigorous, which aggravates the imbalance between strong middle branches and weak main branches in 1 layer. When shaping young trees, it is often not appropriate to cultivate fruiting branches by throwing long branches.

After throwing long branches, because of low germination rate and weak transformation ability of short and medium branches, it is easy to cause bald branches, and long branches are thrown too much and too densely. Due to poor ventilation and light transmission, the phenomenon of self-thinning (death) of medium and short branches and outward migration of the resulting parts is very serious. Although the developing branches are easy to form flower buds after throwing, they are weak because of many branches, less nutrition, less flowers and fruits, and easy baldness inside. Some hawthorn orchards only attach importance to summer pruning and ignore winter pruning. The earlier pruning in summer, the greater the pruning amount and times, and the more serious the inhibition on the growth and growth potential of trees. Repeated re-coring of trunk extension branches at all levels during the growing season will also inhibit the growth of trunk branches and affect crown expansion.