Ying Yuanyue

Ying Yuanyue (August 23, 1896 - January 21, 1991), a native of Ningbo, Zhejiang, was an internal medicine expert and tropical disease specialist. Paragonimiasis was first discovered in mainland China. There are also studies on the diagnosis and treatment of cholera, malaria, and schistosomiasis. Chief editor of China's first internal medicine lecture notes and the first tropical diseases.

Chinese name: Ying Yuanyue

Nationality: Chinese

Birthplace: Xiaying Village, Dongxiang, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province

Date of birth : August 23, 1896

Date of death: January 21, 1991

Occupation: Internal medicine specialist

Graduation school: Xiangya Medical College, Connecticut Medical College, USA

Main achievements: Editor-in-chief of China's first internal medicine lecture notes

Representative works: "Tropical Diseases", etc.

Introduction

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Ying Yuanyue, 1896-1991, was born in Ningbo, Zhejiang. He graduated from Hunan Xiangya Medical College in 1921 and received a doctorate in medicine from Connecticut Medical College in the United States. In 1924, he went to the United States to study internal medicine at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. The following year, he transferred to the London School of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene in the United Kingdom to study tropical diseases. After returning to China in 1926. He serves as a physician at Fukang Hospital in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. Paragonimiasis was discovered and diagnosed for the first time in China in 1927. In 1928, at the invitation of the Fourth Central University Medical College (the predecessor of Shanghai Medical College), he was appointed associate professor of tropical diseases, parasitology, and experimental diagnostics. In 1932, he was appointed professor of internal medicine. In 1933, he studied at the Royal Institute of Tropical Diseases in Calcutta, India, and was awarded a doctorate in tropical diseases and a gold medal. He was the first person in my country to receive this medal. Ying returned from his studies and continued to teach at Shanghai Medical College, and concurrently served as the president of the Red Cross First Hospital of China and Zhongshan Hospital. In 1939, Shanghai Medical College moved inland. Ying led the relocation team to Yunnan and established a school in Longtan, Kunming. In 1941, he moved to Chongqing with the school to continue teaching, and served as director of the internal medicine department of the Red Cross Society of China Hospital.

In 1949, he was appointed by the People's Medical College of the East China Military Region (the predecessor of the Second Military Medical University) as professor and director of the Department of Internal Medicine. In 1957, he served as vice president of the Second Military Medical University. He also serves as a member of the expert group of the General Logistics and Ministry of Health of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, deputy director and honorary chairman of the Medical Science Committee, member of the National Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control Committee, director and honorary consultant of the Chinese Medical Association, vice president of the Shanghai Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, "China Medical Journal" and "Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine", chairman of the editorial board of "Journal of Medicine of the People's Liberation Army", member of the 3rd National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and deputy to the National People's Congress, deputy to the 1st to 4th Shanghai Municipal People's Congress and member of the 5th Shanghai Municipal People's Political Consultative Conference Equal grade.

Writings

Ying Yuanyue wrote quite a lot throughout his life. He published "About the First Discovery of Human Paragonimiasis in Mainland my country", "Residence Time of Orphan Cholera in Cholera Patients", He has published more than 40 papers including "The Relationship between the Number of Plasmodium Falciparum Plasmodium in the Blood and Clinical Attacks". He is the editor-in-chief of "Military Medical Reference" and the series of "Infectious Diseases", "Internal Medicine" and "Internal Medicine Manual". He accumulated many years of experience and research results and compiled my country's first monograph on "Tropical Diseases", which was revised and republished three times.

Life

Ying Yuanyue, courtesy name Xuanhe, was born on August 23, 1896 in Xiaying Village, Dongxiang, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. When he was young, his family was poor. His grandfather and great-uncle were both shipbuilders, his grandmother was a fisherman's daughter, and his father was a scholar and had also studied Chinese medicine. When he was 6 years old, he went to Mengguan (private school) to study; when he was 8 years old, he moved with his family to Wukang in western Zhejiang. His father set up a Mongolian school in the countryside to teach and practice medicine, and he studied with his father. At the age of 11, he went to a private school in Huzhou with his uncle. In 1909, when he was 14 years old, he was admitted to Hangzhou Huilan Middle School run by the church, and worked as a typesetting apprentice in the printing office attached to the school to make up for the lack of living expenses. In 1912, when he was 18 years old, he graduated with first place and was appointed as an English, physics and chemistry teacher at Zhejiang Provincial Taizhou Middle School. In 1914, he was admitted to Nanjing Jinling University. In 1916, Xiangya Medical College (now Xiangya Medical University) was opened in Changsha, Hunan. Aspiring to study medicine, he transferred to the school and became the first student of Xiangya. There are 10 people in the same class, including internal medicine scientist Zhang Kaoqian, pulmonologist Wu Shaoqing, surgical expert Ren Tinggui, pediatrician Gao Jinglang, microbiologist Tang Feifan, etc., who are all his classmates and friends. In 1921, he graduated with honors and received a doctorate in medicine from the Connecticut State Government. At that time, he was recommended by the school to study radiology medicine for half a year at Peking Union Medical College (this was the earliest radiology class in China, and most of the students were foreign attending physicians at mission hospitals). After graduation, he was invited by Dean Goddard, an American classmate of Shaoxing Fukang Hospital, to serve as a physician at the hospital. In 1924, he received funding from the hospital to study internal medicine at Johns Hopkins Medical School in the United States. The following summer he transferred to the London School of Tropical Medicine in the UK for further studies. He returned to China in 1926 and served as director of the internal medicine department of Shaoxing Fukang Hospital.

In 1928, Yan Fuqing, the first dean of Xiangya Medical College, founded the Central University School of Medicine in Shanghai (later known as Shanghai Medical College, now Shanghai Medical University). Ying Yuanyue was invited to serve as associate professor and department director of clinical internal medicine, tropical diseases, parasitology and experimental diagnostics of the medical school. In 1932, he was promoted to professor of internal medicine at the age of 36. The following year, he received funding from the Rockefeller Foundation and was sent to the Royal College of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene in Calcutta, India, for further study.

After completing one year of study, he took the Commonwealth Joint Examinations Board examination and obtained a doctorate in tropical diseases and a gold medal with outstanding results, becoming the first Chinese scholar to receive this honor. After Ying Yuanyue returned with great honor, he continued to teach at Shanghai Medical College, and concurrently served as a clinical professor at Shanghai Red Cross First Hospital (today's Huashan Hospital) and Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital, and was elected as a member of the Shanghai Branch of the Chinese Medical Association. In early 1937, he concurrently served as the president of Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital.

In 1937, the "August 13" Anti-Japanese War broke out in Songhu, and Shanghai became an isolated island. Ying Yuanyue organized hospital staff to take in the anti-Japanese wounded. On the eve of the Japanese invasion of Shanghai, doctors Ying Yuanyue and Wang Linsheng used patriots from all walks of life to quickly transfer hundreds of wounded people and necessary medical equipment to safe areas. Less than an hour after the transfer was completed, the Zhongshan Hospital site was occupied by Japanese invaders.

In 1939, Shanghai Medical College moved inland. Ying Yuanyue led teachers, students and staff to enter Yunnan by sea via Hong Kong and Hanoi. After many twists and turns in Kunming, I was able to borrow the school building and dormitories for employees’ families. Since most of the teaching equipment was left in Shanghai and could not be brought, the teaching conditions were extremely difficult. In 1941, Shanghai Medical College moved north to Geleshan, Chongqing, Sichuan, and Ying Yuanyue went to Chongqing to continue teaching.

In 1942, as a tropical medicine expert, Ying Yuanyue was once responsible for investigating the situation along the China-India Highway and guiding epidemic prevention work.

In the autumn of 1943, the Chinese Red Cross General Hospital in Gaotanyan, Chongqing was opened, and Ying Yuanyue was hired as the director of the Department of Internal Medicine. Soon the hospital was reorganized into the Chongqing Central Hospital of the Department of Health. The young doctors at that time included Tao Shouqi, Lin Chuanjia, Chen Guo, Zhang Guozhi, Li Zongming, Chi Zhisheng, Guo Cang, Weng Xinzhi, Lin Chuanxiang, Zeng Jisheng, Zhu Rongen, Chen Shuqing, Qian Yuenian, Liu John, Wu Xichen and others.

Dr. Su Shouzhen, Mrs. Ying’s wife, moved to Yunnan with her four children before the Shanghai Medical College moved in. She served as the director of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Kunming Provincial Hospital and Huidian Hospital. She was one of the early obstetrics and gynecologists in China. She has superb medical skills and noble medical ethics, and is a rare good wife and mother. In order to support her husband's work, she had to shoulder the burden of raising her children and maintaining the life of a family of seven under very difficult conditions for a long time. Ying Yuanyue's career achievements are inseparable from her selfless dedication. In the spring of 1945, Dr. Su unfortunately died of typhus, and Ying Yuanyue was extremely sad. Since it was impossible for his family to move to Chongqing, he had no choice but to resign from his post in Chongqing and stay in Yunnan to practice medicine. At that time, several large factories in Kunming competed to recruit Ying Yuanyue as a special physician, and both the Provincial Kunhua Hospital and the Municipal Hospital hired him as a consultant in internal medicine.

In the autumn of 1948, Ying Yuanyue returned to Shanghai to reunite with his mother and other relatives after being away for many years. Because he needed to support his family members and children in Shanghai to go to school, he had no choice but to start practicing medicine again. In 1949, he was invited by Cui Yitian, president of East China People's Medical College (later known as Shanghai Naval Medical University, today's Second Military Medical University), to serve as professor and director of internal medicine at the hospital's affiliated hospital (today's Changhai Hospital). After Shanghai Tongji Hospital was placed under the Second Affiliated Hospital of the Second Military Medical University (today's Changzheng Hospital) in 1956, he also took charge of the regular ward rounds and clinical teaching tasks of the Internal Medicine Department of the Second Military Medical University. In 1957, he served as vice president of the Second Military Medical University. He has successively served as a member of the National Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control Committee, a member of the Medical Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Health of the General Logistics Department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, an honorary adviser to the Council, a member of the Shanghai Association for Science and Technology, a member of the National Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Health, "Chinese Medical Journal", " Chairman and honorary member of the editorial board of "Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine" and "Journal of Medicine of the People's Liberation Army" and member of the expert group of the Ministry of Health of the General Logistics Department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.

Ying Yuanyue suffered from chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive emphysema, chronic pulmonary heart disease, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, and prostate cancer in his later years. On December 12, 1990, he died of liver disease. He was admitted to Changhai Hospital with renal syndrome and multiple organ failure, and died on January 21, 1991 after treatment failed. Before he died, he made a will: ① I will keep my funeral simple after my death, ② I will stay at the Second Medical University all my life, and my body will be donated to the school for medical anatomy after my death. ③ My family and children should not make any requests to the organization. He also asked that the deposit be donated to the school as a medical education and scientific research award fund.

Cultivation of medical talents

When Shanghai Medical College was founded, it was located in Wusong, Shanghai. Each class had to bring its own teaching aids and take a small train to and from there, which was very inconvenient. But he always attends classes on time, never being late or leaving early. During the Anti-Japanese War, many colleagues were worried about the hardships in the mainland and were unwilling to move inland. Some doctors with a moderate reputation were listed as practicing medicine and had considerable income. And he insisted on leading many aspiring teachers, students and employees to move to Kunming. When he was teaching in Kunming, he lived in Beimen Street. His clinical internship was at Kunhua Hospital, but his experimental diagnosis class was in Bailongtan, 6 kilometers away. He walked to every class with his teaching aids and his assistant Zhu Yidong, rain or shine, and never stopped even when he was harassed by Japanese air raids. When he was in Chongqing, he was a chief professor with a meager monthly salary and lived and ate with his students. After his wife died of illness in Kunming, he had to practice medicine in his student's clinic in order to raise his children. But he never charges money for the poor. For example, he treats many poor professors and poor students at Southwest Associated University free of charge. When I was a consultant in internal medicine at Kunhua Provincial Hospital, I did ward rounds three times a week and lectured once a week. His lectures are concise, clear and easy to remember; he is sincere, kind, meticulous and responsible to his patients. At that time, a poor student who had fled to Yunnan from North China and had never met him came to Yunnan for treatment. When Ying Yuanyue saw that his clothes were thin, he took off his woolen coat and gave him a coat.

That night I went to Kunhua Hospital to give a lecture. The young doctors saw that his winter clothes were thin and everyone thought it was strange. Later they found out the inside story and were deeply moved. They raised funds to buy a woolen coat as a gift. They were afraid that he would find out when he took his measurements, so they lied to the hospital. Make a white coat for him. Ying Yuanyue felt his true love and could not retreat, so he treasured this coat. At that time, he went to Kunming Municipal Hospital three times a week for ward rounds and three outpatient visits. He treated patients equally, regardless of poverty or poverty, and was very amiable and very popular among the patients. Someone gave him a very good desk lamp, but he immediately gave it to the hospital for public use. The original site of the Municipal Hospital was a dilapidated temple with poor medical conditions. Due to the joint efforts of Ying Yuanyue and the medical staff of the hospital, they made great achievements and gained attention from all walks of life. Therefore, the municipal government donated a building to the hospital. As the new location of the hospital, medical conditions have also been improved accordingly.

Ying Yuanyue attaches great importance to classroom teaching. His lectures are well organized, focused, and connect theory with practice. Students are particularly impressed after listening to them. In 1962, he summarized the classroom teaching experience into six points: First, teachers should prepare lessons carefully and be familiar with the content of the teaching materials; second, they should understand the level of the teaching objects (i.e. students) through multiple channels and teach students in accordance with their aptitude; they should master comprehensive and comprehensive knowledge when teaching. Highlight the key points; face the students during lectures, observe their reactions and expressions, guide students to concentrate and prevent interference; also pay attention to your posture and intonation. In teaching, he always likes to use discussion methods to inspire students to think independently. Finally, he used a small amount of time to make a concise summary.

In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, due to brain drain, Shanghai's medical schools were in short supply of talents, and many of them hired Ying Yuanyue. However, he believed that cultivating a new generation of military medical talents was an honorable task that he could not shirk, and he accepted the appointment from East China People's Medical College without hesitation. At that time, the buildings and equipment of the East China People's Medical College were very simple and the conditions were very poor. The Affiliated Hospital (later known as the First Affiliated Hospital, today's Changhai Hospital) mainly has internal medicine and surgery. The internal medicine department includes infectious diseases, neurology, dermatology, and pediatrics, with only more than 20 doctors.

In 1956, Ying Yuanyue also took charge of the regular ward rounds, medical care, and teaching tasks of the internal medicine department of Shanghai Tongji Hospital, which he took over. In 1957, he was appointed as the vice president of the Second Military Medical University, and also lectured at the epidemiology training class of the Shanghai Yueyang Road Academy of Military Medical Sciences. In order to improve comprehensive clinical teaching work, he also led working groups to various hospitals in the clinical practice base several times to investigate and understand the students' internship situation, obtain first-hand information, and propose specific improvement measures. In 1962, Changhai Hospital established a tropical ward and tropical disease laboratory. He often visited the ward for inspections and guided laboratory research work. In addition, he is often invited to participate in consultation work in Shanghai Huadong Hospital and other hospitals, helping to solve the diagnosis and treatment problems of many difficult cases.

High medical ethics

Ying Yuanyue is very meticulous and serious about medical work. He often goes to the front line of medical treatment and works day and night. During the Shaoxing, Shanghai, and Chongqing period, some patients with fever who were not under investigation often suffered from malaria. In order to make an early diagnosis, he often used a microscope to search for malaria parasites under a dim soybean oil lamp for several hours. While working at Fukang Hospital in Shaoxing, he found paragonimiasis eggs under a microscope and confirmed the existence of paragonimiasis in mainland China for the first time.

Ying Yuanyue pays attention to promoting academic democracy and is good at listening to different opinions during ward rounds, consultations, clinical case discussions, and clinical pathology discussions.

He is rigorous and serious about his work. Even if Plasmodium has been detected in the blood smear of a febrile patient, he is still not satisfied and must confirm the diagnosis only after ruling out other causes of fever. Ying Yuanyue considers issues more comprehensively and never expresses immature opinions.

He treats students and young doctors with enthusiasm and sincerity, and cares about the growth of young people, like an elder brother and a loving father. He never criticizes or criticizes the mistakes of his subordinates harshly, but is kind-hearted and induces them to correct themselves. During the ward rounds at Kunhua Hospital, a patient reported that enema for constipation was ineffective and that he suffered from abdominal distension and discomfort. He immediately put on gloves and personally dug out the feces from the patient's anus. The doctors and nurses present were both guilty and moved. In the late period of the Cultural Revolution, he wrote an article criticizing the abandonment of the college entrance examination, the lack of emphasis on knowledge, and the "open-door education" approach.

Contribution to Tropical Diseases

Ying Yuanyue focused on tropical diseases in his early years. Paragonimiasis is a common disease in 22 provinces and cities in China, but in the early years, the medical community did not know that this disease existed in mainland China. Only individual cases have been reported in coastal areas, but the possibility of being brought back from Japan, Taiwan, North Korea and other places cannot be ruled out. From May to June 1928, two rural youths from Lanting and Dongwu in Shaoxing County went to the Department of Internal Medicine of Fukang Hospital for treatment due to long-term cough and hemoptysis. Ying Yuanyue found paragonimiasis in their sputum and feces many times. eggs, confirming the diagnosis of paragonimiasis. Since neither of them had traveled far away, they must have gotten sick locally. The case was published in Volume 16 of (English version of "Chinese Medical Journal") in 1930. This is the first time paragonimiasis has been discovered in mainland China. Later, Wu Guang and others found Paragonimus metacercariae in the stone crabs from Lanting, completely confirming this discovery. North Korea is an endemic area for paragonimiasis. During the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, many Chinese volunteer soldiers were infected with paragonimiasis by eating mantises caught in ditches. Some of them were misdiagnosed for a long time and were diagnosed and treated only after being transferred to the Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai Medical University (today's Changhai Hospital).

Ying Yuanyue’s research on the persistence time of Vibrio cholerae in cholera patients, research on the relationship between the number of Plasmodium falciparum in the blood and clinical onset of falciparum malaria patients in Kunming, and the research on typhus and other diseases seen in Kunming and Shanghai The papers were published in (English edition of "Chinese Medical Journal", 1940) and Washington edition (1943), and were highly valued by the medical community.

In the early 1950s, troops stationed in eastern China, especially those stationed in suburban counties of Shanghai, conducted water training and were exposed to infected water, resulting in a large number of acute schistosomiasis cases. Changhai Hospital not only tried its best to treat patients, but also sent a medical team to Nanxiang and opened simple temporary wards in some ancestral halls and temples to treat schistosomiasis patients. At that time, intravenous injection of antimony potassium tartrate was used, which resulted in many and serious toxic reactions. Once cardiogenic cerebral ischemic syndrome (also known as Adams-Stokes syndrome) occurred, it was often fatal. Ying Yuanyue is a member of the Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control Committee. He often visits various wards and temporary wards in suburban counties to guide and improve treatment measures, reduce the occurrence of critical cases, and improve the success rate of rescue.

In 1962, Changhai Hospital established a tropical ward and tropical disease laboratory. Although the scale was small, the equipment was poor, and the conditions were simple, Ying Yuanyue often cared about and guided its work, focusing on heat stroke and viral encephalitis. , malaria, amoebiasis and other common diseases at the time. Tularemia is an infectious disease that was first discovered (in 1960) in the Luolong area of ??eastern Tibet by a counter-insurgency medical team composed of doctors from the internal medicine departments of two affiliated hospitals of the Second Military Medical University. Ying Yuanyue believes that it is important to control this disease and must Conduct laboratory preparations for field investigation in Tibet. Later, the trip was not possible for some reason.

Ying Yuanyue has written more than 40 medical papers, which have been published in important domestic and foreign publications.

Writing textbooks

When Ying Yuanyue started teaching, all the textbooks used in the medical school were in foreign languages ??(English, French, German, Japanese, etc.), including teachers’ lectures and students’ writing. Internship reports and medical records written by doctors must also be written in foreign languages. Ying Yuanyue was already heartbroken over this. When he was at Chongqing Central Hospital, he strongly advocated writing medical records in Chinese to cultivate young doctors' self-esteem, self-respect, and patriotism. After arriving in Shanghai, he immediately advocated the compilation of Chinese textbooks. In 1950, "Lecture Notes on Internal Medicine" was quickly compiled and published under his leadership. It became the first self-compiled internal medicine textbook in China at that time. Due to its novel and rich content, it was valued and praised by most domestic colleges and universities. "Tropical Diseases" compiled by Yuanyue Ji based on his many years of experience is China's first monograph on tropical diseases. It was first published in 1951 and revised and published three times by 1958. The military medical reference series "Internal Medicine" and "Infectious Diseases" edited by him were repeatedly reprinted in the 1950s, which played a certain role in the training and improvement of military health cadres. The "Handbook of Internal Medicine" edited by him was revised and republished five times from 1954 to 1986, with a total circulation of more than 500,000 copies. In the 1950s, Ying Yuanyue wrote many articles for the magazine "People's Military Medicine", such as "Aviation Sickness", "A Briefing on the Treatment of Seasickness and Airsickness", "Problems on the Prevention and Treatment of Schistosomiasis Japonica in the Army", "Some Questions about War Injuries" Research materials on hand and foot diseases" etc.

Ying Yuanyue reviewed relevant textbooks and papers in a responsive and responsible manner, personally revising every word. He was asked to review the national higher education textbook "Infectious Diseases" edited by Wang Jiwu in 1959 and the basic textbook "Infectious Diseases" for five-year military medical departments jointly compiled by four military medical universities in 1980. He also wrote the preface to the masterpiece "Tropical Diseases" edited by Zhong Huilan. In 1964, through his experience as a manuscript reviewer, he summarized seven basic requirements for writing scientific papers: clear purpose and meaningful words; smooth expression and appropriate wording; correct use of punctuation marks; accurate wording, appropriate traditional and simplified words; and prudent writing. , do not fabricate; numbers are accurate, statistics are good; repeated review, meticulous and practical. The examples given are of great significance to reviewing and writing manuscripts.

Biography

Born on August 23, 1896 in Xiaying Village, Dongxiang, Yin County, Zhejiang Province.

Graduated from Hangzhou Huilan Middle School in 1912.

From 1912 to 1914, he served as a teacher at Taizhou Middle School in Tiantai County, Zhejiang Province.

Study at Nanjing Jinling University from 1914 to 1916.

From 1916 to 1921, he studied at Xiangya Medical College (now Xiangya Medical University) in Changsha, Hunan, and received a doctorate in medicine from the government of Connecticut in the United States upon graduation.

Study in the radiology training class of Peking Union Medical College from 1921 to 1922.

From 1922 to 1924, he served as a physician at Shaoxing Fukang Hospital (now Shaoxing Second Hospital) in Shaoxing County, Zhejiang Province.

From 1924 to 1926, he studied at Johns Hopkins Medical School in the United States and the London School of Tropical Medicine in the United Kingdom.

From 1926 to 1928, he served as director of the internal medicine department of Fukang Hospital in Shaoxing County, Zhejiang Province.

From 1928 to 1931, he served as associate professor and chief physician of Shanghai Central University School of Medicine (later known as Shanghai Medical College, now Shanghai Medical University).

From 1931 to 1943, he served as a professor in the Department of Internal Medicine of Shanghai Medical College and a clinical professor at Shanghai Red Cross First Hospital (today's Huashan Hospital) and Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital. In 1937, he concurrently served as the president of Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital.

From 1933 to 1934, he studied at the School of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene in Calcutta, India, and received a doctorate in tropical medicine and a gold medal.

From 1943 to 1945, he served as chief physician of the Internal Medicine Department of Chongqing Red Cross General Hospital of China (later reorganized into Chongqing Central Hospital).

From 1946 to 1948, he served as internal medicine consultant of Yunnan Provincial Kunhua Hospital and Municipal Hospital.

Served as a director of the Board of Directors of the Chinese Medical Association from 1947 to 1980. Since 1981, he has been an honorary advisor to the Board of Directors of the Chinese Medical Association.

From 1947 to 1957, he served as professor and director of the Department of Internal Medicine at East China People's Medical College (later known as Shanghai Naval Medical University, today's Second Military Medical University).

From 1957 to 1988, he served as vice president of the Second Military Medical University.

From 1963 to 1984, he served as vice president and honorary consultant of the Shanghai Branch of the Chinese Medical Association.

Died of illness in Shanghai on January 21, 1991.

Main works

1 Ying Yuanyue. Recent research on infantile rickets. Chinese Medical Journal, 1922, 8(3): 139～145.

2 Ying Yuanyue. The number of peculiar symptoms of malaria is related to the efficacy of intravenous injection of quinine. Chinese Medical Journal, 1923, 9(3):182～187.

3 Ying Yuanyue. An overview of Fasciolopsis biskoi. Chinese Medical Journal, 1924, 10(1): 11～5.

4 Ying Yuanyue. Measurement of normal blood pressure in Chinese people. Chinese Medical Journal, 1926, 12(4): 344～350.

5 Ying Yuanyue. Advances in malaria treatment in recent times. Shanghai Medical College Quarterly, 1936, 1(2).

6 Ying Yuanyue. Simple experimental diagnostics. Shanghai: Chinese Medical Association. 1937．

7 Ying Yuanyue. Aviation sickness. People's Military Medicine, 1950, 1(1): 24～26.

8 Ying Yuanyue. Briefing on seasickness and airsickness. People's Military Medicine, 1950, 1(2):52.

9Ying Yuanyue, et al. Schistosomiasis prevention and control manual. Shanghai: Schistosomiasis Control Bureau. 1950．

10 Ying Yuanyue. Some research materials on diseases of war-wounded hands and feet. People's Military Medicine, 1951, 1(3):24～26.

11 Ying Yuanyue. Food poisoning. People's Military Medicine, 1951, 1(5):12～15.

12 Ying Yuanyue. Understanding the pathological and clinical aspects of filariasis. People's Military Medicine, 1951, 1(6): 55～58.

13 Ying Yuanyue. Tropical Diseases. 1951, first edition; Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House, new first edition; 1954, new second edition; 1958, third edition.

14 Ying Yuanyue. influenza. People's Military Medicine, 1952, 2(1):22～25.

15 Ying Yuanyue, et al. Clinical Manual of Special Infectious Diseases. Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House, 1953. Second edition. 1956.

16 Ying Yuanyue, et al. Internal Medicine Handbook. Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House. 1954; Second Edition. 1958; Third Edition. 1963; Fourth edition. 1965; fifth edition. 1986.

17 Ying Yuanyue, et al. Military Medical Reference Series·Infectious Diseases. Beijing, People's Military Medical Publishing House, 1954.

18 Ying Yuanyue, et al. Internal Medicine Lecture Notes. Textbook Office of Shanghai Naval Medical University. 1955.

19Ying Yuanyue, et al. Military Medical Reference Series·Internal Medicine. Beijing, People's Military Medical Publishing House, 1955; new edition. 1956.

20 Ying Yuanyue. Prevention and control of schistosomiasis japonicum in the army. People's Military Medicine, 1955, (7): 37～41.

21 Ying Yuanyue. Military Medical Reference Series. Infectious diseases. Beijing: People's Military Medical Publishing House. New edition, 1956.

22 Ying Yuanyue. sequence. See: Zhong Huilan, editor-in-chief: Tropical Diseases. Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House, 1986