1930, Gao Shiqi boarded a German cruise ship from new york and made a detour to more than a dozen countries in Europe and Asia. What he saw and heard along the way greatly broadened his horizons, and at the same time deeply realized the gap between the motherland and developed countries and the historical mission of their generation of scholars. After returning home, his family, friends, classmates and teachers advised him to get well before going to work. Because he witnessed the epidemic in various places, he was so rampant that he killed hundreds of people every day. How can I stand by and take care of my illness by myself? Soon, under the care of a classmate studying in the United States, he was applied to work in Nanjing Central Hospital as the director of the laboratory. In the old society, the hospital was a store-yamen-style official and business organization, just like a folk song said: the door of the hospital is open, and you can't get in if you are sick and have no money! Seeing the corruption and darkness in the old hospital, Gao Shiqi resigned angrily and didn't even buy a working microscope. Gao Shiqi, who left his job, became an unemployed man. But he didn't want to go back to his father's house, for fear that his parents would be sad to see him sick like that. He lives in the home of his good friend Li Gongpu when he was studying in the United States, and makes a living as a translator, writer and tutor. After Li Gongpu's introduction, he met the famous educator Tao Xingzhi, who advocated the popularization of science. At the invitation of Mr. Tao Xingzhi, he and Dai and Dong Chuncai jointly compiled the Children's Science Series.
1935, Li Gongpu founded "Reading Life Club" in Shanghai, and Gao Shiqi moved to "Reading Life Club". In the Reading Life Club, he met Ai Siqi, the deputy editor of Reading Life, the author of Popular Philosophy and a young philosopher, and became close friends. Under the influence of Ai Siqi, he often read some progressive books and periodicals, and realized that the evil old society was a "big devil" who ate people, which was worse than the "little devil" who took away his brother and sister's life and made him seriously ill. To eliminate the "little devil", we must first eliminate the "big devil" and realize a leap in ideological understanding. At this time, Taibai Magazine, edited by Chen Wangdao, has just been published. One day, he saw a fresh column in this magazine: "scientific sketch" and an article about scientific sketch. He looked through it curiously and was attracted. In particular, an article "Talking about Dogs" written by Alex (Zhou) vividly depicts the "running dogs" in the old society, which is really enjoyable to scold. Gao Shiqi believes that writing some easy-to-understand and interesting scientific essays in this relaxed and pleasant style can not only spread some scientific ideas and knowledge to the people, but also criticize the current malpractices, arouse the people and fight against the reactionaries, which is a good form of combining science with literature to promote social progress. So he also picked up a pen to write scientific sketches, and published three articles, namely, Food, Clothing, Housing and Transportation of Bacteria, Heroes of Our Enemies and Huliera (Cholera), and renamed it Gao Shiqi. The intention is to get rid of people not being officials and money. Since then, I have embarked on a difficult road of popular science creation. As soon as the article was published, it was valued and welcomed by the cultural circles and readers, and many newspapers and periodicals contributed articles. At this time, his hands were shaking, and it took a long time to write a word, only a few hundred to several thousand words a day. Living conditions are also poor, and summer is stuffy and hot, but he still keeps writing day and night. During the two years from 1935 to 1937, nearly 100 scientific sketches were published.
Gao Shiqi's articles are characterized by their integration of science, literature and political theory, which are both popular and vivid, with unique opinions. His masterpiece Biography of Mushrooms, as well as the well-known Seven Periods of Life, Third-rate Personal Life, Cell Immortality, All Aspects of Disease, Interview with Mr. Cholera, Puppet Show of Mr. Typhoid, A Letter to the Poor with Tuberculosis, Listening to the Girl Playing Flower Drum and Talking about Mosquitoes, etc.
After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, under the influence of Ai Siqi, Gao Shiqi decided to rush to Yan 'an to participate in the anti-Japanese national salvation struggle. In the situation of war, he overcame many difficulties and spent nearly a month from Shanghai to the ancient city of Xi 'an via Nanjing, Hankou and Zhengzhou. On June 25th, 1937, 165438+ arrived at the revolutionary holy land-Yan 'an. Only then did I know that Ai Siqi joined the China * * * Production Party as early as 1935.
Gao Shiqi was the first American scientist to take part in the revolution in Yan 'an, and also a famous cultural figure-science sketch writer. Therefore, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Chen Yun and other leaders paid special attention to and welcomed him, arranged him to be a teacher in Northern Shaanxi College, and sent a Red Army soldier as his nurse and secretary. 1In February, 938, he got together with more than 20 young people studying science, including Dong Chuncai, Chen and Li, and initiated the establishment of the first scientific and technological group in Yan 'an: Frontier Defense Science Society. Its purpose is to study and develop national defense science, and at the same time enhance the public's scientific common sense, so as to enhance the strength of the war of resistance and strive for the final victory of the war of resistance. After nearly a year's hard life in the revolutionary ranks, Gao Shiqi applied to join the Party in the autumn of 1938, and was approved to be accepted as party member of China's * * * production party in February of 1938. Chairman Mao congratulated and encouraged him to become a veritable model of * * * producing party member and to fight for the great ideal of * * * productism all his life. 1939 1 month, joined the China * * * production party.
Later, due to the aggravation of Gao Shiqi's illness, he left Yan 'an on April 1939 under the escort of the Party organization. Go to Hong Kong via Xi, Chongqing, Kunming, Hanoi and Haiphong. In Chongqing, he spent three months in Hongyan village and the Eighth Route Army office in Beifeng. He was cared for by the vice chairman and lived in a party group with Comrade Ye Jianying and Comrade Wu. He learned a lot from these revolutionary leaders, forged a deep love, and gained their care and support in the future work of popular science.
After Gao Shiqi arrived in Hong Kong, under the careful care of the underground party, he was arranged to be hospitalized in Ma Xuan Hospital, one of the best hospitals in Hong Kong. This is an aristocratic hospital full of stench and snobbery. It often treats poor people like Gao Shiqi with black eyes. Gao Shiqi's mood became more and more uneasy, and her illness became more and more serious. Once, he was in a coma for a few days, and the hospital was going to send him to the morgue, but Gao Shiqi miraculously woke up. In order to drive him away, the hospital spread rumors that he was crazy and forcibly sent him to a mental hospital in Hong Kong. When the responsible comrades of the underground party learned of it, they immediately sent people to negotiate, rescued him from this tortured prison and prepared to find a better hospital for treatment. Gao Shiqi is very grateful for the care of the Party, but he never wants to be discriminated against by those noble hospitals and wants to return to his comrades. The party respected its wishes, rented a building in Kowloon, let him live there for illness, and sent a nurse to take care of him. Comrades, progressives and progressive youths of the underground party also often visit him. His mood improved quickly and his illness was greatly alleviated. Gao Shiqi is a restless man. When he was a little better, he propped himself up and began to write. At this time, it was very difficult for him to write, so he dictated and the nurse took notes. He was eager to write one scientific sketch after another and published it in Hong Kong Ta Kung Pao.
194 1 Go to Guangxi for illness at the end of the year. 194 1 1 February, the Pacific war broke out suddenly, and gunfire, guns and alarms broke out one after another. Residents of Kowloon and Hong Kong fled in succession, social order was chaotic, traffic between Hong Kong and Kowloon was cut off, and underground party organizations lost contact with Gao Shiqi. Less than half a month after Kowloon and Hong Kong were occupied by the Japanese army, Comrade Huang was assigned by the underground party organization to transfer him from Hong Kong to Guangzhou, and then from Guangzhou to Guilin to be taken care of by the underground party organization in Guangxi.
His life in Guilin is relatively stable and his condition has improved. According to his requirements and specialties, the party organization arranged for him to be the technical consultant and director of the Food Research Institute of Southeast Joint Logistics. He visited some famous local wineries and used his knowledge of microbiology to develop food with local common plant raw materials for the front line. He also discussed some poetry creation problems with the famous poet Liu Yazi, published articles, and conducted a study on pinyin and logic called scientific letters. At this time, Xie, a nurse who lost contact with him in Kowloon, returned to his side after many twists and turns and became an honorary husband and wife with him. Miss Li, the daughter of a friend who claimed to be her father, also volunteered to be a nurse to help Xie take care of her. The good times did not last long, and Japanese imperialist planes began to bomb Guilin. During the retreat in Guilin, Xie, who went out for help, died of a heart attack. Miss Li, who volunteered to take care of her, took the opportunity to escape without leaving him a mosquito net and locked him in his room. When Gao Shiqi found out that something was wrong, he had no way to ask for help and nothing to eat. His eyes were black with hunger, and swarms of mosquitoes stung him at night. The troubled Gao Shiqi is in trouble again. Fortunately, Ma Ning, a young writer who often went to Gao Shiqi and was appointed by the underground party organization, saved him. Later, the party organization managed to get a boat and sent Ma Ning and his wife to send him from Guilin, which was bombarded by Japanese artillery, to Zhaoping County. Later, Gao Shiqi was placed in Huangyao, a small town in Zhaoping County, and was taken care of by Zhou Xingxian, a revolutionary comrade who fled from Shanghai to Guangxi. He lived a quiet life during his recovery, writing and studying until Japan surrendered.
From 65438 to 0944, he served as the director and technical consultant of Southeast Joint Logistics Scientific Food Research Institute. 1945 After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, it was also a hard journey for the Party to take Gao Shiqi from Huangyao to Guangzhou. In a small town called Babu, we waited for a boat for two months. Deeply moved, Gao Shiqi wrote a series of poems expressing feelings and criticizing current politics, such as Farewell to Huang Yao, The Light Has Not Came, We Are Still Hesitating, Electronic, Darkness and Light, My Questioning, My Atom is Exploding, etc. Since then, a series of political events have taken place in China, such as the incident at the gate of Chongqing school, the army and. During his stay in Guangzhou, he also wrote a long scientific poem full of passion, philosophy and belief in the victory of the revolution and the people being masters of the country: March of Heaven. This poem * * * has 4 1 stanza and 288 lines. From what is the sky, to the development and change of the sky, to the development and change of human understanding of the sky, to the unity of opposites of the materials that make up the sky, it finally comes down to one point: the sky is not an unchanging day, not a diehard day, not a diehard day, but a human day! This is the masterpiece of his early popular science poetry creation, which has great influence and laid the foundation for his later popular science creation in the form of writing poems.
1946 In May, Gao Shiqi returned from Guangzhou to Shanghai where he left 10. Shanghai is still a paradise for the rich, who are addicted to money, and a hell for the poor, who are penniless. Gao Shiqi fell ill as soon as he arrived in Shanghai, and the aristocratic hospitals of the rich could not afford civilian hospitals. But civilian hospitals don't love civilians. Because Gao Shiqi couldn't pay for several months at a time, he was stopped from supplying food, so he had to ask someone to buy some bread from outside and eat it with boiled water. After this matter was reported by this newspaper, it aroused the sympathy of many readers and gave him a helping hand in succession. Money, medicine, flowers and food kept flowing, and many people wrote warm letters of condolence. When Comrade Deng Ying Chao learned about it, he made a special trip to visit him and brought cordial condolences from Comrade Zhou Enlai who was in Shanghai at that time. Tao Xingzhi, a people's educator, and Qian, the head of the Shanghai Party organization, also visited him and appointed Baihua as a nurse to take care of him. Deeply moved and encouraged, Gao Shiqi wrote a poem of thanks with a very emotional poem: Responding to the Lofty Mourning, which was published in Literary Life.
In July this year, Li Gongpu and Wen Yiduo were killed by Kuomintang agents in broad daylight. One is his good friend for many years, and the other is his classmate in Tsinghua. Gao Shiqi was very sad and angry. Later, Mr. Tao Xingzhi, an old friend who cared for and helped him many times, also died in Shanghai. According to the instructions of comrades, the Shanghai Party Organization held an unprecedented public sacrifice meeting for three comrades, Li, Wen and Tao, in Jing 'an Temple. Considering that Gao Shiqi was ill and could not move easily, he was not informed. After learning this, he repeatedly asked the girlfriend of a nurse who came to find someone to tell him the news unintentionally and took him to the public sacrifice meeting, and immediately after the meeting, he wrote a tragic poem, "The hurricane in July can't put out the people's anger."
Because Gao Shiqi successively published some radical poems criticizing the dark rule of the Kuomintang government and calling for democratic progress, he was found to have been to Yan 'an and was blacklisted. The underground party soon moved him to Suzhou, and then from Suzhou to Taipei via Shanghai. It was not until 65438+ 1.949 that the Kuomintang's general trend was gone that he agreed to his request to return to the liberated areas and escorted him from Taiwan Province Province to Hongkong for standby. Soon Beiping was liberated, and then Nanjing was liberated. In May, he was escorted from Hong Kong to Tianjin, where he rested for a week and arrived in Peiping on May 3 1.
1949 September 2 1, attended the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference. 1950 Participated in the National Science Conference and was elected as a member of the National Committee of China Science Popularization Association. He has served as a consultant to the Science Popularization Bureau of the Central Ministry of Culture, the All-China Science Popularization Association, the Children's Science Photo Library and the National Association for Science and Technology, and was elected as a director of chinese society for microbiology, honorary chairman of the National Association for Popular Science Creation, and representative of the first to seventh National People's Congress. With a disabled body, Shi Qi wrote about 750,000 words of scientific essays and popular science papers, more than 2,800 lines of scientific poems and 18 books. Mainly include: Exposing the Secret of Lilliput, The Origin of Life, Fighting Infectious Diseases, Our Motherland, Talking about Glasses, The Story of Steelmaking, Essays on Science in Gao Shiqi, Selected Works of Popular Science Creation in Gao Shiqi, etc. After the founding of New China, Gao Shiqi served as an adviser to the Science Popularization Bureau of the Ministry of Culture of the Central People's Government, an adviser to the All-China Association for Popularization of Science and Technology, a member of the Standing Committee of the China Association for Science and Technology, an honorary president of the China Popular Science Creation Association, and an honorary director of the China Popular Science Creation Association. He also served as a director of chinese society for microbiology, a director and consultant of the Chinese Writers Association, a member of the National Committee of the All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, a director of the Welfare Foundation for the Disabled in China, and a member of the People's Committee for the Defence of Children in China. On his behalf, he made great contributions to the prosperity of China's popular science creation, especially scientific and literary creation. The formation and expansion of popular science teams, the advocacy of popular science theoretical research, the construction and development of popular science undertakings, the extensive and in-depth development of popular science activities, especially the activities of young science and technology enthusiasts, and the restoration and revitalization of the Association for Science and Technology.