1. Nursery selection: Myrica rubra nursery should be selected in a place with convenient transportation and flat terrain. For example, if it is a slope, the slope generally does not exceed 5, and the slope direction is as north or northeast as possible. The soil is sandy loam, with fertile soil, loose texture and deep soil layer.
2. Seed collection: Myrica rubra seeds should be collected from mature trees with vigorous growth, and the fruits should be spread out and stacked in places without direct sunlight. After stacking for 4-5 days, pulp is rotten, washed and dried seeds are removed, and the surface is dried for later use.
3. Soil preparation and fertilization: Before planting Myrica rubra, soil preparation and deep ploughing should be carried out, and after ploughing, it should be aired. Apply 3000-5000kg of pig manure, cow dung or compost per mu, 0/5-20kg of calcium superphosphate/kloc and a certain amount of plant ash. Drainage ditches should be dug around paddy fields, and attention should be paid to drought prevention and flood control in mountainous areas.
4. Sowing method: Before planting Myrica rubra, soak the seeds in 0. 1% potassium permanganate solution or 800 times solution of 40% thiophanate-methyl for 0/0 minute, spread the seeds evenly on the border, and then press the seeds into the soil gently with wooden boards after sowing, and cover them with a layer of fine soil and a layer of thin grass.
5. Seedling management: Myrica rubra is generally sown in the middle and late June of 65438+ 10, the seeds germinate in the second year of 65438+ 10, and the seedlings break ground in the middle of February. After emergence, attention should be paid to the control of temperature and humidity, and at the same time, attention should be paid to preventing sunburn or sudden drop. Generally, it can be transplanted in late July.
Planting techniques of Myrica rubra
1. Transplanting time: Myrica rubra seedlings can be transplanted when they reach a height of about 10 cm and grow 4-5 leaves. Before transplanting, the nursery should be well prepared and fertilized, and at the same time, 25 kilograms of lime or 600 times of topaz should be sprayed on each mu of border.
2. Transplanting method: Myrica rubra seedlings are transplanted according to the specifications of row spacing of 30-35cm and plant spacing of 8 8- 10/0cm. When transplanting seedlings, it should be done in the morning and evening on cloudy days or sunny days, and sufficient root water should be poured. Transplant1.2-1.4000 plants per mu.
3. Rational fertilization: Myrica rubra seedlings can only be irrigated with diluted human excrement and urine (1 carrying water plus 2 spoonfuls of human excrement and urine and 0.25 kg of urea) after the root system recovers well and grows 4-5 new leaves, and then the 2% ternary compound fertilizer solution or diluted human excrement and urine solution is poured every half month.
4. Tree management: After planting Myrica rubra, the branches on the branches with the total trunk length below 1/2 should be removed in time. In the second year, you can choose three main branches, evenly distributed in three directions. After the third year, auxiliary branches should be selected to make the crown form a natural and gratifying shape, and the height should be controlled at 2.5-3 meters.
5. Soil management: When planting Myrica rubra, it is necessary to weed and loosen the soil in time, apply more lime, adjust soil pH, supplement calcium for trees, interplant green manure crops such as beans and peanuts in the forest (avoid planting tall climbing plants), and increase soil biological coverage.
6. Shoot control and flower promotion: When the crown of Myrica rubra is as high as 2.0-2.5 meters, shoot control can be used to promote flower bud formation, so as to achieve early fruiting and high yield. From early June to late February, 65438 can be used to pull branches, open crowns and slow down trees, or soil paclobutrazol can be used to control shoots and promote flowers.
7. Flower thinning and fruit thinning: In combination with pruning plum trees in spring, redundant flower branches, especially weak flower branches, can be sprayed with bayberry flower thinning agent at flowering stage, and fruit thinning can be carried out reasonably according to the fruit hanging amount of the trees about 20 days after flowering.
Extended data
Yangmei, formerly known as Yangmei Zi, alias: Yangmei, Cinnabar, Cinnabar, Latin scientific name: Yangmei (Lour. )S. et Zucc。 Myrica rubra is an evergreen tree with gray bark and longitudinal shallow cracks when it is old; The crown is spherical.
Branchlets and buds are glabrous, lenticels are usually few and inconspicuous, and only round and peltate glands are attached when they are young.
Leaves leathery, hairless, surviving to fall off in 2 years, usually densely on the upper part of branchlets; I like acidic soil.
It is found in most parts of China, and grows in the hillside or valley forest at an altitude of 125- 1500m. Myrica rubra is a famous fruit in southern China. Bark is rich in tannin, which can be used as reddish-brown dye and medicinal astringent.
Myrica rubra is a small tree or shrub of Myrica in Myrtaceae, also known as Shengshengmei, Baitimei and Shu Mei. It has high medicinal and edible value and is distributed in East China, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou and other regions.
Myrica rubra is native to Yuyao, Zhejiang, China. 1973 Myrica rubra pollen was found during the excavation of Hemudu site in Yuyao in Neolithic age, indicating that Myrica rubra grew in this area more than 7000 years ago. There are about 50 species of this genus, among which Myrica, Myrica, Myrica and Myrica are known in China, and Myrica is mainly cultivated economically.
Myrica rubra has lush foliage, round crown and many red fruits in early summer, which is very lovely. It is an excellent tree species combined with landscaping. Single planting, lawn, courtyard cluster planting, or roadside planting can be; It is also ideal to use close planting to separate the space or play a shielding role. Economic use: the fruit is moderately sweet and sour. It can be eaten directly and processed into dried bayberry, sauce, candied fruit, etc. , can also be used to make wine. Has effects in quenching thirst, promoting fluid production, and promoting digestion.