This flower is also called bougainvillea. You can see the following excerpt. Reference encyclopedia ~ ~

Cultivation summary

"Choice of cultural soil"? Yezihua has low requirements for soil, but it is afraid of water accumulation and is not tolerant of waterlogging. Therefore, we should choose loose and well-drained culture soil. Generally, 4 parts of humus soil, 4 parts of garden soil and 2 parts of sand can be used as culture soil, or dry pond mud mixed with some coal cake residue can be used as basin soil. ? Rational fertilization? In order to make leafy flowers bloom more, we must ensure sufficient nutrients, and at the same time, we must apply fertilizer in a timely and appropriate manner and use it reasonably. General April Bougainville

At the peak of growth in July, liquid fertilizer should be applied every 7 days ~ 10 to promote the healthy growth of plants. The fertilizer can be 10% ~ 20% decomposed bean cake, rapeseed cake water or human manure water. In August, in order to promote flower bud germination, phosphate fertilizer was applied once every 10 day, and 20% liquid fertilizers such as decomposed chicken, duck and pigeon manure and fish offal could be used. The flowering period starts from June 5438+ 10, and from this period to mid-June 5438+065438+ 10, phosphate fertilizer is applied every half month, and the concentration of fertilizer and water is 30% ~ 40%. In the future, topdressing should be done once after each flowering, so that leafy flowers can continuously supplement nutrients during flowering. ? "Water control before flowering"? When watering leafy flowers at ordinary times, we should master the principle of "don't water them, but water them thoroughly". However, in order for Yuzryha to blossom neatly and luxuriantly, water control must be carried out before flowering. The watering of bougainvillea has been controlled since September, and each watering should wait until the basin soil is dry and the branches and leaves are soft and drooping. This is repeated for half a month, and normal watering is resumed after half a month. Do not apply fertilizer during water control, so as not to burn the roots with fertilizer. In this way, in about a month's time, leafy flowers can germinate and bloom, and the flowers are open and tidy, thriving. ? "Loosening soil, weeding and changing pots"? Because of long-term watering, fertilization and rain erosion, the pot soil is easy to harden, so it is necessary to loosen the soil regularly and remove weeds in the pot soil to facilitate the growth of flowers. Otherwise, the basin soil will harden and accumulate water, which will easily lead to root rot or poor growth of Phyllanthus urinaria. In addition, bougainvillea grows rapidly, with developed roots and many fibrous roots, so it is necessary to change pots once a year. ? "Proper pruning"? Half lotus grows rapidly, so attention should be paid to shaping and pruning during the growth period to promote the growth of lateral branches and bloom more. Pruning times are generally 1 to 3 times, which should not be too much, otherwise it will affect the flowering times. After each flowering, the residual flowers should be removed in time to reduce nutrient consumption. After the flowering period, the over-dense branches, inner branches, long branches and weak branches are thinned, and other branches are not pruned or only slightly pruned, so as to shorten the next growth period and promote their early flowering and more flowering. ? Phyllanthus

Pay attention to light and ventilation? Bougainvillea is a positive plant. In order to make the branches and leaves grow normally and increase the number of flowers, bougainvillea must be placed in a well-lit and well-ventilated place, and let it shine for 8 hours to 12 hours every day. If places are often shaded, plants will grow in vain and the number of flowers will be reduced. If the place is not ventilated or placed too closely between pots, the leaves will fall off, especially in hot summer, when it rains and the temperature is high, it is easy to cause the leaves to fall off in a large area, thus affecting the growth and flowering of plants. ? "Strengthen pest control"? The common pests of bougainvillea mainly include leaf beetle and aphid, and the common diseases mainly include shoot blight. At ordinary times, we should strengthen loosening soil and weeding, remove dead branches and diseased leaves in time, pay attention to ventilation, and reduce the spread of disease sources. Strengthen the examination of the disease, and if it is found and treated in time, it can be prevented and treated with dimethoate, Tobuzin and other solutions.

Key points of management

1. Temperature? The optimum growth temperature is 15-30℃, in which it is 19-30℃ in May-September and 13- 16℃ in April of the following year, and it can tolerate high temperature of 35℃ in summer. The temperature was taken in bougainvillea in Huangguoshu Park.

When the temperature exceeds 35℃, appropriate shading or watering and ventilation measures should be taken. In winter, the ambient temperature should be kept at not less than 5℃, otherwise the leaves will be easily frozen when it is lower than 5℃ for a long time. ? The temperature of bougainvillea should be above 15℃. In order to prolong the flowering period, it should be moved indoors in time before the arrival of the cold current in early winter, and placed in a sunny place to maintain a high ambient temperature (flowers can continue to bloom during the New Year's Day to the Spring Festival)? 2.light? Triangle flower likes light, and it is a positive flower. Insufficient light in the growing season will lead to weak plant growth and affect bud pregnancy and flowering. Therefore, all the year round, except the newly planted seedlings, they should be placed in the semi-shade. It should be placed in front of the south window in winter, and the illumination time should not be less than 8 hours, otherwise a large number of leaves will easily appear. Short-day flowers can sprout and bloom in one and a half months if the daily illumination time is controlled at about 9 hours. ? 3. Moisture? Water once a day in spring and autumn, and once in the morning and evening in summer. In winter, when the temperature is low and the plants are dormant, it is necessary to control watering and keep the basin soil moist. Proper water control during the growing season of potted plants can promote flower bud differentiation; From June to July, bougainvillea is in a vigorous growth stage. According to different varieties, watering can be properly controlled at 2-3 times (the degree depends on the wilting of tender shoots and new leaves), watering 1-2 times a day, and then watering for 2-3 days (depending on the water flowing from the bottom of the basin). This can effectively promote the differentiation of flower buds and water them every morning and evening after the flower buds appear. ? 4.soil? Triangle flowers like loose and fertile slightly acidic soil and avoid waterlogging. When potted, it can be made of humus soil, peat soil, sandy soil and garden soil, and a small amount of decomposed cake residue is added as base fertilizer to make culture soil. Flowering plants turn over the soil once a year, when bougainvillea sprouts in early spring.

When changing pots, use scissors to cut off dense and aging branches. ? 5. Fertilizer? In addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer in the basin soil, topdressing should also be carried out in the growing season. When changing pots, according to the plant size, 10- 15 cake fertilizer can be applied to each pot, and then 1 times pancake fertilizer water is applied every half month, and 0. 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added, which can not only accelerate its vegetative growth, but also promote its flower bud differentiation. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are mainly applied after germination. At the same time, spraying 0. 1%-0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the leaves, spraying 1 times alum fertilizer water every week in full bloom, and spraying 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves. ? 6. plastic trimming? Bougainvillea has a strong growth potential and needs pruning every year, and it is re-sheared and updated 1 time every five years. The time can be carried out every spring or after flowering, and the dense branches, dead branches, weak branches and cross branches can be cut off to promote the development of new branches. After falling leaves and flowers during flowering, they should be cleaned up in time. Remove the residual flowers in time after flowering. Picking the heart in time during the growth period to promote the development of lateral branches is conducive to the formation of flower buds and the flourishing of flowers. You can cut the old plants short. Leaf flowers have climbing characteristics, which can be used for binding modeling, and can be made into garlands, flower baskets, flower balls and other shapes. If necessary, scaffolding can be set up to make various shapes, such as patterns. ? 7. Flowering control? If you want to see bougainvillea on National Day, you can put the flowerpot in a dark room in advance, because it is a short-day flower. The time is around the beginning of August, and the potted leaves are placed in an environment that does not leak light. Every day from 5 pm to 8 am, there is no light at all. This is maintained for 50 days, and water is sprayed every day to cool down. Water normally, and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium liquid fertilizer or hoof fertilizer every week. So you can see gorgeous green leaves on National Day. ? Attention:? 1.？ In summer and winter, because plants grow slowly or hibernate, fertilization should be stopped to avoid fertilizer damage. ? 2.？ Do not apply concentrated fertilizer or raw fertilizer (organic fertilizer that is not fully decomposed) to prevent roots from being damaged, leaves from falling off and even the whole plant from dying.

Breeding and cultivation

Cutting, high pressure and grafting are often used for propagation. The suitable cutting time is from March to June. High-pressure propagation takes about a month to take root. Transplanting bougainvillea

Spring is the best. Pick your heart during the growth period, promote flower bud differentiation and sprout lateral branches. The optimum temperature for potted plants in temperate zone is 15 ~ 30℃. ? Like warm and humid climate, not cold-tolerant, belonging to short-day plants, can not differentiate flower buds under long-day conditions, like light, not tolerant of shade. Southern China can overwinter in the open air, while northern China can be used as a greenhouse for potted flower cultivation. The requirements for soil are not strict, but the soft and fertile soil is suitable for potted plants, and it likes big water and fertilizer and is extremely drought-tolerant. Insufficient water supply during the growing period is easy to fall leaves!