1, wear glasses.

(1) Advantages: convenience, economy and safety.

(2) Disadvantages: it is inconvenient to exercise and the appearance is unacceptable to some people.

(3) Indications: ① Unwilling or unsuitable to adopt other correction methods; ② Astigmatism, and other correction methods are not effective; ③ Some special environment, working or reading conditions; (4) Need frame glasses as a beauty requirement; ⑤ Need frame glasses for safety protection; ⑥ In some treatments, temporary use or frequent adjustment of parameters is needed.

(4) Contraindications: ① It is impossible to wear frame glasses stably due to physiological diseases; ② Wearing frame glasses due to psychological problems or mental problems may cause injuries.

Monofocal lens is a kind of common frame glasses in clinic. There are bifocal lenses, trifocal lenses and progressive lenses for patients with adjustment problems. The focal length of the upper half of a bifocal lens is a distant object, and the focal length of the lower half is the reading distance. Progressive lenses can increase the visual range of objects and are suitable for early presbyopia people who do not require a large field of vision when they are nearsighted. Teenagers with obvious exotropia or exotropia in myopia can wear progressive lenses, which may aggravate symptoms and affect binocular visual function.

2. Corneal contact lenses (commonly known as contact lenses)

(1) soft contact lens

Advantages: the lens is soft, comfortable to wear, beautiful and easy to adapt, and it is more convenient to exercise after wearing. In addition to correcting ametropia, some specially designed soft lenses can be used for beauty and special purposes, such as color contact lenses, artificial pupil contact lenses, bandage lenses, drug slow lenses and so on.

Disadvantages: Improper wearing or nursing often leads to complications such as conjunctivitis and corneal inflammation.

Indications: It can be used to correct myopia, and some children can be used to restore binocular vision and promote visual development. Children or the elderly who are unable to take care of themselves must use them under the close supervision of doctors and guardians if necessary.

Contraindications: those who have any active acute inflammation in the eyes, systemic lesions that affect wearing, excessive tension, poor personal hygiene, poor compliance and can't be checked regularly, allergic to nursing solution or poor hygiene in living and working environment are prohibited or used with caution.

(2) Rigid contact lens (RGP)

① Advantages: good air permeability and high imaging quality.

Disadvantages: it takes time to get used to the strong foreign body feeling when you first wear it.

Indications: It is suitable for wearers of any age who need it but have no contraindications. For those who are too young or too old, safety monitoring should be increased due to their sensitivity to problems or operational compliance. Myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism and anisometropia, especially irregular astigmatism caused by keratoconus and corneal scar, can be given priority.

Contraindications: general contraindications of contact lenses (acute keratoconjunctivitis, severe dry eye and pterygium and other active eye diseases); Long-term exposure to wind and sand, high pollution and chemicals; Those who wear glasses to engage in strenuous and antagonistic sports; Eyes are highly sensitive and unwilling to go through the adaptation period; Intermittent wearers who only have sports, entertainment and other time; Pilots, policemen, firefighters and other special professionals; Hyperthyroidism, diabetes, psychosis; Poor personal hygiene habits and poor compliance.

(3) Orthokeratology mirror (OK mirror)

It is a kind of rigid breathable contact lens with reverse geometric design, which can flatten the curvature of the central area of cornea in a certain range, thus temporarily alleviating myopia to a certain extent. But this effect is limited, generally suitable for people below 600 degrees, and the effect is reversible. Once you stop wearing it, myopia will return to its original level, and it can't really cure myopia. Clinical trials have found that wearing orthokeratology lens for a long time can delay the progress of adolescent axial length. Based on the indications and non-indications of general contact lenses, it is emphasized that underage children need parental supervision and treatment. For the fitting of difficult cases such as high diopter, doctors with rich clinical experience need to consider it as appropriate.