The function of the chassis is to support and install the automobile engine, its parts and assemblies, form the overall shape of the automobile, and accept the power of the engine to make the automobile move and ensure normal running. The chassis consists of four parts: transmission system, running system, steering system and braking system.
automobile chassis
First, the transmission system is introduced. The transmission system is generally composed of clutch, transmission, universal drive, main reducer, differential and half shaft.
First, the role of the transmission system The power generated by the automobile engine is transmitted to the driving wheels through the transmission system. The transmission system has the functions of deceleration, speed change, reversing, power interruption, differential speed between wheels, differential speed between shafts and so on. Working with the engine can ensure the normal running of the car under various working conditions, with good power and economy.
Second, the type and composition of transmission system can be divided into mechanical transmission, hydraulic transmission, hydraulic transmission and electrical transmission according to different energy transmission modes.
1. Schematic diagram of overall composition and layout of mechanical transmission system (see figure 1).
1- clutch 2- transmission 3- universal joint 4- drive axle 5- differential (fig.
1) Layout of front-mounted, vertically-mounted and rear-wheel-driven engine Figure 4×2 Traditional layout of automobile, the engine is vertically mounted at the front of the automobile and driven by the rear axle. The power of the engine is transmitted to the drive axle through the clutch, gearbox and general gearbox. In the driving axle, the power is transmitted to the driving wheel through the main reducer, differential and half shaft.
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2) Schematic diagram of engine front, vertical and front wheel drive. The front, vertical and front axle drives of the engine connect the transmission and the final drive together, eliminating the universal transmission between them, as shown in Figure 2.
2. Schematic diagram of typical hydromechanical transmission (as shown in Figure 3).
1- hydraulic torque converter 2- automatic transmission 3- universal transmission 4- drive axle 5- main reducer 6- transmission shaft Figure 3 Schematic diagram of hydraulic mechanical transmission Hydraulic transmission (here refers to single-finger hydraulic transmission) uses the kinetic energy change of liquid medium in the process of circulating between driving element and driven element to transmit power. Hydraulic transmission device is connected in series with stepped mechanical transmission, which is called hydraulic mechanical transmission.
3. Schematic diagram of hydrostatic transmission system (as shown in Figure 4).
1- clutch 2- oil pump 3- control valve 4- hydraulic motor 5- drive axle 6- oil pipe Figure 4 Schematic diagram of hydrostatic transmission system Hydraulic transmission, also known as hydrostatic transmission, transmits energy through the change of hydrostatic energy of hydraulic transmission medium. It is mainly composed of an engine-driven oil pump, a hydraulic motor and a control device.
4. Hybrid electric vehicle adopts electric drive (as shown in Figure 5).
1- clutch 2- generator 3- controller 4- motor 5- drive axle 6- conductor Figure 5 The electric drive adopted by hybrid electric vehicles is that the engine drives the generator to generate electricity, and then the motor drives the drive axle or directly drives the driving wheel with a reducer.
Third, the layout of the transmission system The layout of the common mechanical transmission system is mainly related to the position of the engine and the driving type of the car. Can be divided into:
1, front and rear drive -FR: front and rear wheel drive of the engine. This is the traditional layout.
(Photo/Text/Photo: Pacific Auto Network Q&A called Beast)