Cultivation method of Chimonanthus praecox
When potted Chimonanthus praecox, loose and fertile sandy loam rich in humus should be selected.
Chimonanthus praecox is characterized by drought tolerance and fear of waterlogging, such as high water content, too wet soil and poor plant growth, which affects flower bud differentiation. Therefore, potted Chimonanthus praecox should keep the soil dry, and it is advisable not to do it at ordinary times, and it should be watered thoroughly. Dog days? Water more in high temperature season to keep plants growing normally and make flower buds develop normally.
Chimonanthus praecox likes sunshine, but it can also tolerate semi-shade. Afraid of wind and cold, it can safely overwinter when the temperature is not lower than-15℃. It can be cultivated in the open field in the south of Beijing, and the flowers will be frozen when the flowering period meets the low temperature of-10℃.
Chimonanthus praecox has thick branches and is called? Chimonanthus praecox does not lack branches? Proverbs, through timely pruning, make it grow stronger branches and make it bloom more flowers. ? Generally speaking, it is advisable to prune the flowers in time after they wither and before they come out of leaves, and cut off dead branches, over-dense branches, cross branches and insect branches. Leave 2 ~ 3 pairs of buds at the base of annual branches, and cut off the upper branches to promote germination and branching.
Chimonanthus praecox is a kind of fertilizer-loving flower. Timely fertilization can promote flower bud differentiation and blossom more. Phosphorus and potassium are the main fertilizers of wax, and nitrogen fertilizer is less. The general ratio of phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen is 2: 1: 0.5. In this way, the flowers of Chimonanthus praecox are bigger, more flowers and more fragrant.
Chimonanthus praecox has fewer diseases and more pests, such as aphids, scale insects, thorn moths, leaf rollers and so on. Aphids suck juice on shoots and buds of young leaves, scale insects suck juice on branches, and spiny moths and leaf rollers bite leaves, new buds and buds.
Pests can be sprayed with 50%*** 1000 times. In order to reduce the pollution to the flower cultivation environment, it is also possible to kill insects by indigenous methods. For example, acid and vinegar solution can kill scale insects, and washing powder water can kill aphids. If the dosage is small, it can be killed manually.
Pruning method of Chimonanthus praecox
Retain trunk
Chimonanthus praecox has strong tillering ability, often sprouting a large number of long branches from the roots, but these long branches generally do not differentiate flower buds. Therefore, Chimonanthus praecox should leave a trunk of about 30 cm, then cultivate three main branches, and then branch out side branches on them.
Select the core and cut off the tip
After the crown is basically formed, the extended branches of the main branches are picked or cut off in summer to weaken their growth. Fragile branches are supported by columns to keep their vertical orientation and promote their growth. In winter, the three main branches are cut off 1/3, so that they can sprout new buds and select excellent side branches. The lateral branches on the main branch should be gradually shortened from top to bottom to make them dispersed.
Short truncated lateral branch
The flower buds of Chimonanthus praecox are solitary on branches and differentiated from axillary buds of new branches in that year. At the top of the chopped side branch, 3 ~ 4 slightly longer side branches can be formed in the upper part and many small side branches can be formed in the lower part. These lateral branches are the main flowering branches and will produce a large number of flower buds.
Fruit removal, core removal and back cutting
On the one hand, young fruits should be picked after flowers wither, on the other hand, they should be pruned in time. When pruning, leave 3 pairs of buds at the base to promote the multi-branch of Chimonanthus praecox. It is also possible to take off the terminal buds after the new branches grow 2 ~ 3 pairs of buds, and repeat coring for 2 ~ 3 times to promote the germination of secondary buds.
New tip truncation
In late summer and early autumn, the top of new shoots should be pruned to make the flower buds of middle and lower branches fully developed and full, so as to prepare for winter flowering. Generally 10 cm branchlets leave 4 ~ 5 pairs of buds.
Potted wintersweet treatment
For potted Chimonanthus praecox, two pairs of buds should be left on the annual branches after flowering, and all the others should be cut off.
Production of Chimonanthus praecox bonsai
Step 1: Choose a suitable Chimonanthus praecox plant.
Usually choose to dig wild old root piles, cultivate them in the ground and gradually cultivate them into ancient piles. The main method is to select old stumps that have been cut and germinated for many years, and prune the branches after digging them back to protect the roots. Planted in loose soil with good drainage, supplemented with light, transplanted into flowerpots after survival.
Of course, you have a beautiful old pile at home, and you can also graft the branches of Chimonanthus praecox to the old pile by grafting. After survival, it will be a beautiful pot of Chimonanthus praecox.
Step 2: Plant Chimonanthus praecox in a flowerpot.
Choice of pot: Chimonanthus praecox should choose purple sand pottery pot or glazed tile pottery pot. The seedlings of Chimonanthus praecox generally adopt round pots, square pots and hexagonal pots. , and the old pile chooses a medium-deep mashing basin or a begonia basin; Cliff bonsai mostly uses thousands of pots. The color of the basin is mainly dark purple or ochre, which better sets off the sallow flowers and increases their ornamental effect.
Soil: Chimonanthus praecox has low requirements on soil, and sandy loam with good drainage is better. Try to choose rotten garden soil or rotten leaf soil for potted plants and mix them evenly.
Planting: Chimonanthus praecox is usually planted in pots in early March. Generally, the seeds should be planted obliquely, which is convenient for modeling. Pruning can be done once before planting, and sufficient base fertilizer can be applied to the bottom of the basin when it is put into the basin.
The third step: the overall posture modeling of Chimonanthus praecox bonsai.
Pruning and bud picking are the main methods of Chimonanthus praecox, supplemented by climbing. . What are its traditional plastic arts? Screen fan plum? 、? Plum, pimple? Plums hang branches? And so on, especially the screen fan plum is the most popular. Here is a brief introduction to the production method of screen fan plum:
During March-April, use? Rolling knife method? And then what? Dragon knife method? Make the main branch twist and spiral, then cut a knife obliquely at the bend, bend it carefully, so that the upper section of the cracked xylem is supported on the lower section, hold the just bent trunk with a vertical rod, and tie it with a rope. Then make the tops of all branches face down. Mud should be applied to the incision within one month, and it should be repaired if it falls. After the basic skeleton is formed, attention should be paid to pruning and coring in time to keep the shape of the screen fan.
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