Do men have breasts?
This question is very interesting. Usually people think that only women have breasts, but men also have them, but nipples, areola and breast tissue will not develop obviously. Men also have a very small amount of breast tissue, close to the nipple and areola. In general, the appearance is invisible.
2. What is male breast development?
Male mastopathy, commonly known as male mammary hypertrophy, refers to the abnormal proliferation and development of male mammary tissue. It is usually characterized by painless progressive enlargement of the breast or tenderness of the breast in the sub-areola area (annular area with deep pigmentation around the nipple), which is generally caused by imbalance between androgen and estrogen, decreased or insufficient testosterone secretion and/or excessive estrogen production.
3. What are the causes of male breast development?
The development of male mammary gland is mainly due to the increase of estrogen or the decrease of androgen/estrogen ratio. Under normal circumstances, estrogen and androgen combine with their corresponding receptors to play a physiological role, just like unlocking a lock with a key. However, in some special cases, such as diseases, there are too few androgen bonds and too many estrogen bonds in men, or although the androgen bonds are normal, the locks are broken, which leads to the development of male mammary glands.
◆ Androgen secretion is too low or the receptor is not sensitive to androgen, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome and azoospermia;
◆ Estrogen/androgen ratio imbalance, such as cirrhosis, fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, chronic renal failure, etc. ;
◆ Increased estrogen production, such as testicular tumors and adrenal tumors;
◆ Obesity, the aromatase produced by subcutaneous adipose tissue increases, leading to more androgens being converted into estrogen, which leads to a relative increase in estrogen;
The influence of exogenous drugs, such as the use of estrogen and androgen antagonists, long-term use of isoniazid, reserpine, calcium antagonists, phenytoin sodium and other drugs.
4. What should I do if there is male breast development?
If you are a parent and find that your child's breasts are bigger than normal, don't worry, because some boys will have such a situation in adolescence. Just go to the breast hospital for a detailed examination. If there are problems such as abnormal sex hormone levels and breast development, the doctor will arrange corresponding treatment according to the condition.
If it is an adult, it is recommended to go to the breast hospital to check the sex hormone level first. If there is any abnormality, please make further examination and treatment under the guidance of a doctor. If it is normal, you can breathe a sigh of relief. At least "this extra piece of meat" won't endanger your health. If it affects your social, psychological and sexual life ..., then long-term pain is better than short-term pain. Make up your mind to have an operation!
5. What tests do you need to do for male breast development?
Clinical examination of breast: inquiring about past medical history and medication history, examining breast morphology, breast skin surface, nipple areola, physical examination (including secondary sexual characteristics, testis and body shape), and determination of sex hormones and gonadotropins are helpful to distinguish primary or secondary testicular hypofunction.
◆ Breast color Doppler ultrasound examination: Breast color Doppler ultrasound can clearly display the internal structure of breast, with the advantages of real-time dynamic imaging, simplicity, non-invasive, and can clearly display the internal details, morphological structure, blood flow signals, the relationship with surrounding tissues, clavicle and axillary lymph nodes, providing basis for the diagnosis of breast diseases.
◆ Seven tests of sex hormones: The development of male mammary glands is closely related to the secretion of sex hormones. Seven tests of sex hormones can check whether endocrine disorders exist, analyze the causes from the root, and provide basis for diagnosis.
6. How to treat male breast development? Can we not operate?
For male patients with breast development, there is no specific medicine that can make breast tissue shrink or even disappear. Physical exercise can only reduce the adipose tissue in the breast, but not the breast tissue. For the male breast development caused by endocrine diseases, the purpose of drug treatment is aimed at the etiology of endocrine diseases, not breast development. Therefore, surgery is the only solution for male breast development.
7. How to do surgery for male breast development? Is the scar obvious?
In the traditional surgical treatment of male gynecomastia, the incision is usually at the junction of lateral chest or chest and abdomen. Postoperative scar is very long and obvious, and the area where breast tissue is removed is sunken into a crater. Honestly, it's really ugly.
"Osler Male Breast Micro-carving Surgery" uses a small incision in areola to completely remove the developed breast. The incision scar is small and hidden, and there is almost no bleeding. Recover quickly after operation, just stay in hospital for a day or two. This operation is an innovative surgical method combining breast surgery and plastic surgery. At present, it has been widely used in the United States and Europe, mature and safe.
8. Where can male breast development surgery be done?
Although many hospitals can do male breast development surgery, would you like to have two "big centipedes" on your chest and two "pits" on your breast? Not everyone can do male breast micro-carving surgery! Therefore, I suggest you choose Shudu Breast Hospital.
9. How long does the operation take? How to anesthetize? Does it hurt? How long will you wake up after the operation?
This operation takes about 2 hours from disinfection preparation to completion. It is usually carried out under intravenous sedation combined with local anesthesia. The anesthesiologist will drop anesthetic into your vein and fall asleep quickly. There will be no pain naturally. After that, the doctor will inject local anesthetic into the site of chest surgery. You will wake up after the operation, but usually you will rest for another 2-3 hours.
10. What are the postoperative recovery cycles and precautions?
Brush your teeth, wash your face, take a walk, surf the Internet, play mobile phones, read books and watch TV. For other special requirements, please refer to the following:
◆ Hospitalization for operation: In most cases, it needs to be carried out under intravenous sedation and anesthesia. Generally, the hospital stays for 1-3 days, and the dressing is changed every day. The doctor can leave the hospital after examination.
◆ From the second day after operation to 1 month: avoid excessive activity of upper limbs, including exercise, carrying heavy objects and sudden exertion; Need to wear elastic tights.
◆ From the second day to 3 months after operation: avoid spicy diet, drinking and smoking, which will make the incision scar more obvious and ugly. Of course, surgery is just a part of your life. How to balance the conflict between incision scar and living habits is your personal choice.
◆ The problem of elastic clothing: The doctor will give you pressure dressing after operation, but its comfort is poor. It is suggested that patients change into a more comfortable elastic vest after discharge. As long as it can achieve the effect of elastic compression, any kind of elastic clothes can be used. If you feel uncomfortable wearing elastic clothes, you can wear cotton vest or short sleeves inside and elastic clothes outside.
◆ Bathing problem: You can take a bath 5-6 days after operation. Please consult your surgeon for details. You can use a shower instead of taking a bath. The water temperature should not be too hot. You can apply soap and shampoo to avoid rubbing the surgical area. After washing, blow dry with a hair dryer, rest 10-20 minutes and put on elastic clothes.
◆ Problems with wound gauze: The gauze can be removed 5-6 days after operation, and the incision is exposed to the air. If there is a small amount of exudation, the gauze can be pasted for 2-3 days.
◆ Postoperative nipple feeling: It is normal that the nipple will feel numb after operation, and some will have occasional pain. Nerve recovery is the slowest, which may take 6- 12 months.
◆ The problem of fitness exercise: You can gradually resume exercise 1 month after operation. By no means can you take part in the basketball game immediately from the 30th day, but increase your strength and intensity bit by bit according to your recovery. How long will it take to get back to normal? Everyone is different. Only you know yourself best.
It is highly recommended to friends after operation (this is because you are no longer a patient, because your problem has been solved, congratulations! Paying attention to physical exercise, especially the exercise of pectoralis major, is very important for improving your body shape. Because the developed breast tissue and fat are removed, although the chest is flattened, flat chest is not enough for men. You can increase the thickness of pectoralis major muscle through exercise, so as to achieve the plump shape of male chest (see Schwarzenegger and Stallone).