Chicken breast is a wedge-shaped protrusion on the front wall of the chest, which looks like the sternum of a bird, hence its name. Pectus excavatum is one of the common thoracic development deformities in children. It is a sunken deformity on the front chest wall that looks like a funnel. The main manifestation is that the sternum in the middle of the child's chest drives the surrounding ribs to collapse inward into a funnel shape, causing the organs in the chest to be compressed or even displaced, and the heart and lung development and function of the child to be seriously affected.

1) The causes of these two deformities are:

1. Congenital developmental abnormalities - During the fetus or infant period, the development of the sternum, vertebrae, and ribs is unbalanced, resulting in thoracic deformity.

2． Malnutrition - Infants and young children do not receive adequate nutrition after birth and suffer from certain malnutrition diseases, such as rickets in children. Over time, this can affect the development of the sternum, leading to thoracic deformity.

3． Secondary to diseases within the chest - such as certain congenital heart diseases, the enlarged heart compresses the chest wall, forming a pectus pectus deformity. Flat chest deformity caused by chronic empyema, etc.

2) The harm of these two deformities

Generally, mild thoracic deformities have little impact on the physiological functions of the human body. Preventive measures should mainly be taken to prevent their continued development. If the thoracic deformity is severe, especially pectus excavatum, the organs, heart and lungs in the chest are compressed to varying degrees, and may even cause the heart to shift, and the pulmonary ventilation function is also affected. If it develops further, serious illnesses such as respiratory tract infections may easily occur. .

3) Diagnosis and treatment of these two deformities:

1. Diagnose pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum through thoracic inspection. In order to determine whether there are indications for surgical treatment, we also Necessary chest X-ray examination and heart and brain function tests should be performed. Cases of pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum combined with severe cardiopulmonary dysfunction are rare. Children with minor deformities can be corrected with age and physical development. This situation does not require special treatment and can be observed after 3-5 years of age, and attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of the primary disease rickets.

2. For severe deformities, especially those with pectus excavatum and severe cardiopulmonary dysfunction, surgical treatment should be given. This type of surgery should be diagnosed and treated by experienced doctors in specialized hospitals.

4) Treatment of pectus excavatum

Traditional treatment methods: Surgery to correct pectus excavatum began in foreign countries in the 1970s, and this type of surgery was also carried out in my country in the 1980s. Surgery for young children gradually matured in the 1990s. In the past, the conventional method for treating pectus excavatum was to incise a window of approximately 10 cm vertically and horizontally in the anterior chest, remove the deformed ribs, and then fix them with steel pins. The operation involves large trauma and bleeding, and because the integrity of the child's thorax is destroyed, the lung function is seriously affected in a short period of time, causing bronchial obstruction, atelectasis, and severe hypoxia.

In addition, after surgery, since the corrected ribcage has not grown and been fixed, the operation would have failed due to the influence of spontaneous breathing movement on bone growth. This type of surgery is difficult to manage perioperatively, has high surgical risks, and has many complications. Traditional treatment methods at home and abroad mostly use steel needle sternum elevation, but the effect of this surgery is not ideal. The current improved surgery through practice uses the double plate sternum lifting method, which significantly improves the surgical level and achieves good results. In fact, the effectiveness of surgery also depends on the level of medical equipment, such as ventilators, monitors, pulmonary function monitoring methods, etc. With the continuous development of medical technology, the improvement of advanced medical equipment and personnel training, the complications of this type of surgery have been significantly reduced. However, surgery for children in the younger age group still has certain risks, and there will still be certain risks. Complications occur.

5) Current treatment methods

The most advanced thoracoscopically assisted pectus excavatum correction in China-

The method is to perform surgery under one side of the chest in children. A small incision of 2 cm is made in the mid-axillary line, and a thoracoscope is used to dissect and guide the chest cavity. Then, a self-made correction device is inserted through the opening to the opposite side and then turned over to achieve the correction purpose. The surgical incision is about 15 to 20 centimeters long. The diseased costal cartilage needs to be cut off and the sternum osteotomy needs to be performed. The operation causes large injuries and bleeding, and the children suffer from obvious postoperative pain and slow recovery. No matter what kind of surgery is performed, the ribs must be cut off, which destroys the integrity of the thorax, causing surgical risks of lung infection, atelectasis, hypoxia and brain damage.

6) New surgical method to treat pectus excavatum without thoracotomy

Now some doctors use non-thoracotomy method to treat pectus excavatum: only two incisions are made on the child's anterior chest wall A small opening of 2 cm is used to shape the patient's chest with a steel plate, then pad it behind the patient's sternum and turn it over. The two ends of the steel plate are supported on both sides of the patient's ribs to correct the child's pectus excavatum deformity. The new surgical method without thoracotomy has less damage and less bleeding. During the operation, the steel plate can be shaped according to the patient's different degree of thoracic deformity, which is more suitable for individual differences and makes the surgical effect better. The patient suffers little pain after the operation and can leave the bed the next day. The hospitalization time is short and the hospitalization cost is low. It is a good modern method for the treatment of pectus excavatum.

7) Age suitable for surgery

Pectus excavatum is a congenital skeletal developmental malformation. It is not caused by calcium deficiency and malnutrition as people often think. Its cause is not yet clear. .

In the 1970s, the youngest patients undergoing such surgeries abroad were about 4-5 years old. At present, the optimal age for surgery depends on hospital conditions and the level of the surgeon.

Experts believe that based on the characteristics of children's bones, the best time to correct pectus excavatum is between 2 and 4 years old. Surgery at a younger age will not affect children's development. At present, most of the results of this kind of surgery for children aged 1-3 years are very good.

8) Non-surgical treatment of chicken breast

1. Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart, relax your body, close your eyes slightly, and gently raise your arms forward to the top of your head. Inhale, pause for a while, let your arms fall naturally, and exhale deeply, several times a day, 10 minutes each time.

2. Do push-ups or raise your arms with dumbbells in front of you 3-4 times a day, 10 minutes each time.

3. Do push-ups on the single and parallel bars on an empty stomach every morning, but do not overexert yourself.

4. Jogging can help enhance visceral activity, expand breathing volume, and improve thoracic dysplasia

I can help you. After you set my best answer, I Baidu Hii Teach you.