How should necrotizing fasciitis of abdominal wall be treated and used?
First, drug treatment: the pathogens of necrotizing fasciitis caused by large doses of antibiotics are often mixed. Before the results of bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test are inconclusive, large doses of antibiotics or broad-spectrum antibiotics should be used in combination; Later, it will be adjusted in time according to the results of bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test. Commonly used broad-spectrum antibiotics are cephalosporins, metronidazole or tinidazole. Second, surgery should be performed immediately after diagnosis. It should be noted that: (1) extensive incision: multiple incisions are made to the deep fascia, and the peristalsis skin is completely opened or the incision is enlarged to achieve the purpose of full drainage. (2) Thorough debridement: Thoroughly remove necrotic tissue until the bleeding tissue is healthy, which is the key to ensure the surgical effect. Necrotizing fascia tissue deep into muscle should be removed on the premise of preserving normal nerves and blood vessels as much as possible. (3) Destruction of anaerobic environment: After debridement, the operating area was repeatedly washed with hydrogen peroxide or 1∶5000 potassium permanganate solution. The above measures can increase the redox potential difference in the incision, create an environment that is not conducive to the reproduction of anaerobic bacteria, and help control the continued spread and spread of infection. (4) Adequate drainage: placing gauze strips of Yousuo solution or gauze strips of active iodine for drainage. The gauze strip should be loosened to reach the deep part. Don't wrap it too tightly or leave an invalid hole. 3. After the operation, dressing change will accelerate the shedding of necrotic tissue. Generally, the wound is washed with chlorhexidine (chlorhexidine), hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide) or potassium permanganate solution of 1: 5000, at least three times a day, then the wound is drained, and the wound is covered with gauze strips and dressing soaked in hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide) until the wound begins to grow granulation and there is no necrotic tissue. Then the wound is drained, and the wound is covered with gauze strips and dressing soaked in salt water. Bacterial culture should be carried out repeatedly during dressing change in order to find secondary infection at an early stage. When the wound infection is controlled and the granulation is fresh, skin grafting can be used to cover the wound. 4. Strengthening the application of inflammatory mediators antagonists In recent years, it has been found that inflammatory mediators such as endotoxin, TNFα, IL- 1 play an extremely important role in the occurrence, development and changes of this disease. It is of positive significance to block the excessive release of inflammatory mediators from different levels and actively supplement the endogenous inhibitors that are seriously insufficient. At present, indomethacin, ibuprofen, anti-endotoxin monoclonal antibody, IL- 1 receptor antagonist, anti-TNFα and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cytokine regulators are commonly used. 5. Systematic support therapy is an important guarantee for successful treatment. For those who can eat under normal circumstances, give a diet rich in calories, protein and vitamins; For patients with obvious systemic symptoms and critical illness, it is necessary to correct hypoproteinemia and water-electrolyte disorder in time, strengthen enteral and parenteral nutrition support, and the nutritional calorie should be at least twice as high as the basal metabolic calorie. According to the condition, fresh whole blood or plasma should be infused. 6. Hyperbaric oxygen adjuvant therapy has the following therapeutic effects on necrotizing fasciitis: inhibiting the growth and reproduction of anaerobic bacteria; Improve the ability of neutrophils to phagocytize bacteria; The sulfhydryl group of aerobic bacteria is oxidized into disulfide group, which leads to its metabolic disorder and inhibits its growth and reproduction. Hyperbaric oxygen can cause obvious contraction of blood vessels, thus reducing their permeability and inflammatory exudation, and can quickly alleviate tissue edema; Under hyperbaric oxygen, the concentration of oxygen in blood increases, and the blood PaO2 _ 2 increases, which can quickly correct local tissue ischemia, hypoxia and metabolic disorder, promote granulation tissue regeneration, accelerate the formation and establishment of collateral circulation, help eliminate inflammation and necrotic tissue, and accelerate the improvement of local diseases. Therefore, once the disease is clinically diagnosed or suspected, hyperbaric oxygen therapy should be performed immediately while debridement and effective antibiotics are applied. 7. Complications When treating severe infection, we should pay attention to comprehensive treatment such as strengthening cardiac function and protecting renal function, be alert to and treat serious complications such as sepsis and toxic shock, and actively support patients with respiratory and circulatory failure. 8. Immunotherapy can adopt intramuscular injection of interferon-γ 1 10,000 u, 1 time /d, * * *1time. 9. Treat and control the original systemic diseases, such as diabetes. 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