The treatment of cleft lip and palate is a series of treatments, which are indispensable. The purpose of treatment is to restore the normal shape and normal language function of the upper lip. In order to obtain satisfactory surgical results, the timing of plastic surgery is very important. Cleft lip and palate can be divided into unilateral cleft lip and bilateral cleft lip and palate. At present, it is recognized at home and abroad that the best operation time for cleft lip is 3 months after birth, that is, the baby with unilateral cleft lip and palate. After the birth of cleft palate 12 months is the best period for infants with bilateral cleft lip and palate. Cleft lip surgery is often accompanied by different degrees of nasal deformity, that is, the cleft nostril is flat, collapsed and the tip of the nose is skewed. Correction of nasal deformity should be carried out at the age of 8. In addition, children with cleft lip and palate often have uneven maxillary teeth and a fetus, which is to cover the sky. Orthodontic treatment should be carried out at the age of 12.
The specific method of cleft lip and palate scar repair surgery is to reset the ectopic orbicularis oris muscle, restore muscle continuity and realize functional repair. Pay attention to the normal height of cleft lip scar repair, people-centered, and the upper lip is symmetrical on both sides. Cleft lip is often accompanied by nasal deformity. At the same time, it is necessary to correct the deviation of nasal columella, increase the height of nasal columella, correct the collapse of nasal alar and restore the basic symmetry of nostrils.
The basic steps of cleft lip and palate scar repair are as follows:
1. Fixed-point design: Fixed-point design is the first step of cleft lip scar repair. First, find out the point of the red edge of the lip, find out the peak point D and the lowest point C of the healthy lip, then press CB=CD to determine the point B, and set the point B at the thickest part of the red edge of the affected lip. When repairing the scar of cleft lip, two points B and B are finally stitched together to form the lip peak point of the affected side.
2. Incision suture: Incision suture is an important step in the repair of cleft lip scar. When repairing the scar of cleft lip, it is required to be meticulous, light, reduce trauma, cut accurately and sew neatly. When cutting, first pinch the upper lip outside the incision with your fingers to reduce bleeding. Cut AB, BE, AB, BE and EB in turn according to the design line. After incision, the upper lip of the healthy side can descend, forming a triangular crack at BE. Insert the BEB triangular tissue flap formed on the affected side into this fissure. The wound edge of AB line is opposite to AB. Suture in layers in turn. Repair the scar of cleft lip, according to the situation, adopt the method of embedding thread or Z-shaped double triangular flap to increase the fullness of lip red. For rhinoplasty, it is generally advocated to postpone the radical operation of cleft lip scar until 13 years old.
The treatment of cleft lip and palate is a comprehensive treatment that needs the cooperation of stomatology, surgery, plastic surgery, pediatrics and even psychologists. At the same time, parents should do a good job in feeding, pronunciation training and psychological correction, which are indispensable for the treatment of children with cleft lip and palate.