Plastic pruning is an important measure to promote early fruiting and high yield of hazel trees, which can be divided into winter pruning and summer pruning. Pruning in winter should be carried out after defoliation and before branch germination in the following spring, preferably in February-March. The general principles of young tree pruning are: light pruning and appropriate short cutting, promoting branch expansion, increasing the number of branch groups, expanding crown and cultivating tree shape.

Light-cut and short-cut the selected main branches and extended branches, and select 2-3 side branches for each main branch, and light-cut and short-cut to form a heart-shaped crown. Cut off the branches below 40 cm from the ground from the base of the main branch. Pay attention to remove sprouted branches in time.

Pay attention to cut off the branches and sprouting branches below 40 cm, so that the crown will continue to expand. At this point, the crown was basically formed.

Extended data

Hazelnut has strong adaptability to soil, and can grow, develop and bear fruit on light sandy soil, loam, light clay and light saline-alkali soil, but the most suitable soil is sandy loam. The soil layer is more than 50 centimeters thick. It has strong adaptability to soil and acid-base soil, and can grow and bear fruit normally in the range of pH 5.5-8.0.

Hazelnut is a light-loving plant, and it is best to cultivate it in the leeward and sunny places. In warm and sunny places, high yield comes early. However, under the mountain slope of 15, any slope direction can be cultivated. Annual illumination of more than 2000 hours can meet the requirements, and the most suitable illumination is more than 2200 hours. If the annual light hours are less than 2000 hours, the germination and differentiation will be poor.

Hazelnut can resist the low temperature of -35-(-33℃) in winter, and the annual average temperature is above 6.5-7℃. The northern line of safe cultivation can be cultivated in northern Liaoning, which is suitable for winter (not lower than -30℃), the highest temperature in summer is not higher than 38℃, and the annual average temperature is below 15℃. In the growing period, the number of days ≥5℃ per year exceeds 190 days.

According to tree age, shrub size, soil fertility and fertilizer types, more organic fertilizer should be applied to barren sandy soil, and less organic fertilizer can be applied to soil with deep soil layer and high humus content.

Generally, 7- 10 kg of manure is applied to 2-3 year-old trees, 30-40 kg to 4-5 year-old trees and 50-60 kg to 6-7 year-old trees. With the increase of tree age and yield, more manure can be applied appropriately.

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