temperature
Loquat is native to the north subtropical zone, with a warm and humid climate. The average annual temperature can grow normally above 12℃, but the average annual temperature of economic cultivation should be 15 ~ 17℃, without severe cold weather. The flowering period of loquat is in late winter and early spring, and the low temperature in winter and spring will affect its flowering and fruiting. Therefore, anti-freezing measures can be taken in advance, and trimer minerals such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate and Anbijie can be sprayed. When the temperature is -6℃, it will cause freezing damage to flowers and young fruits at -3℃. Pollen begins to germinate above 10℃, and the most suitable temperature for pollen germination is about 20℃. When flowering, as long as the temperature required for pollen germination is reached in a short time at noon, the pollen tube can be extended and fertilized, so the temperature required for flowering in loquat producing areas in South China can often be reached, and the fruit is good. Too high temperature is not suitable for loquat growth, the young leaves are dry at the edge above 35℃, the branches and roots grow slowly, and the seedlings grow poorly; In the middle and late stage of fruit development, sunburn is easy to occur in high temperature and dry weather. In addition, the temperature is too high, sugar is difficult to accumulate, and the sugar content of fruit is low.
illuminate
Loquat is native to the shady forest environment of mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, so the seedlings still have the habit of scattering light, so the seedlings should be shaded with scaffolding. However, adult trees need enough light for flower bud differentiation, fruit development, coloring and early maturity. Its strong layering also shows that it needs plenty of light. But the trunk is easily burned by direct sunlight, which makes the branches and leaves wither.
moisture
Loquat likes moist air and abundant water, and the annual rainfall is required to be above 1000 mm, and the distribution is relatively uniform. In early spring, fruit development and new shoot growth need sufficient water, and spring drought is not conducive to growth and fruiting. However, if the fruit is rainy when it is ripe, it is easy to crack, lose color, taste light and mature late. In late summer and early autumn, less rainfall, dry climate and slow growth are required, which is conducive to flower bud differentiation.
wind power
Loquat has a tall crown, dense branches and leaves, poor air permeability, shallow and narrow root distribution and weak wind resistance. Coastal areas are often hit by strong winds and typhoons, so preventive measures must be taken when choosing land to build gardens.
zone
The south and southeast of the mountain slope gently, with deep soil layer and sufficient moisture, and cold air is not easy to accumulate. It is most suitable for loquat planting, so the plant has developed root system, long service life, light freezing injury at low temperature, high yield and good quality. The west slope is prone to drought and sunburn. The northern slope is also suitable for areas without cold and freezing damage. It can also be cultivated in low hilly areas, but the red soil and loam in coastal hilly areas are shallow and prone to drought in autumn and winter, resulting in defoliation and tree decline. It is advisable to choose those with deeper soil layers to build gardens.
Loquat is the most taboo to accumulate water, so it should be cultivated on the flat ground to prevent accumulation of water and rotten roots. Should choose low groundwater level, pier up first, then plant or dig deep ditch, and do a good job of drainage.
land
Loquat can grow and bear fruit normally because of lax soil selection, but sandy, gravelly loam or clay with deep soil layer, loose soil and rich humus is better. Loquat can adapt to a wide range of soil pH, red soil pH 5.0, calcareous soil pH 7.5 ~ 8.5, but pH 6.0 is suitable.