Cherry or cherry, also known as wedge peach, cherry and so on. , is a general term for some plum plants, including subgenus Prunus, subgenus Prunus, subgenus Rosaceae and so on. Fruit can be eaten as fruit, with bright color, crystal beauty, red like agate and yellow like solidified fat, which is particularly rich in nutrition. Fruit is rich in sugar, protein, vitamins, calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium and other elements. The main producing area is Yantai, Shandong.

Chinese name: Cherry Latin scientific name: Cherry, alias: Cherry, Cherry, Peach, Wedge Peach, Cherry, Niutao, Cherry Pearl, Korean Peach, Agate Kingdom: Plant kingdom: Angiosperms: Dicotyledonous Plants: Rosaceae: Cherry main producing areas: Shandong, Yantai,

Introduction to Cherry Cherry Cherry is also known as wedge peach, cherry, wedge peach, English peach, ox peach, cherry pearl, Korean peach, agate, Zhu Ying, Letao, table peach, plum peach, yami, carriage return, cherry and so on. It is the general name of some plants in the genus Prunus, including subgenera and genus Prunus. Flowers are called cherry blossoms, and fruits can be eaten as fruits. It is called "cherries" in Hong Kong, which is translated from the plural form of Cherries in English.

English name: Cherry

Japanese name: サクランボ

Plant characteristics: deciduous shrubs. The plant height can reach 8m, and the shoots are hairless or hairless. The leaves are ovoid to ovoid, 7 ~16cm long and 4 ~ 8cm wide, the apex is gradually pointed, the base is round, the edges have double serrations of different sizes, there are glands on the serrations, the top is hairless or slightly hairy, and the bottom has sparse hairs. The petiole is 0.8 ~ 1.5 cm long, pubescent, and there are two glands near the top. 3 ~ 6 flowers form a raceme, the flower diameter is 1.5 ~ 2.5 cm, and the first leaf is open; Pedicel is about 65438 0.5 cm long and pubescent. Calyx tube cylindrical, pubescent; Sepals ovoid or oblong-triangular, reflexed after flowering. At the beginning of March, the leaves are slightly red, clustered every 3 ~ 6 flowers, with white petals and many stamens. Ovary glabrous. Drupe, nearly spherical, without ribs, red, about 65438 0 cm in diameter, flowering in March-April. The fruiting period is May, bright red is about to drip, flowers are like rosy clouds, fruits are like corals, and they are precious fruit trees. Its crimson skin is called "Zhu Ying". Those with yellow skin are called "wax cherries", those with small red fruits are called "cherry beads" and those with purple and yellow spots are called "purple cherries". Among them, wax cherry is the sweetest. Growth and distribution of cherry blossoms

Peach is warm and sunny, and it is born in the sunny place on the hillside or beside the ditch. Suitable for cultivation at an altitude of 300 ~ 600 meters and a latitude of 33 ~ 39. Being afraid of waterlogging and drought, big cherry is afraid of wind and freezing. It is suitable for planting in areas with annual average temperature above 10 ~ 13℃. The temperature changes little in early spring, and it is cool and dry in summer, with moderate rainfall and sufficient sunshine. The warm temperate East Asian monsoon continent has a semi-humid climate with moderate annual temperature, abundant rainfall, long frost-free period and early final frost period. The annual average temperature is about 12℃, the rainfall is more than 700 mm, and the frost-free period is about 250 days, which is suitable for the cultivation of big cherry.

The cherries cultivated as fruit trees in China include China cherry, sweet cherry, sour cherry and hairy cherry. Cherry ripens early and has the reputation of the first fruit in early spring, which is called "the first branch of 100 fruits". It is said that orioles especially love pecking this kind of fruit, hence the name "cherry". Although the fruit is as small as a pearl, it is bright in color, exquisite as agate and precious stones, and tastes sweet and slightly sour. It can be eaten fresh, preserved or decorated with other dishes and foods, and it is very popular.

China's cherry production is 35 million Jin, and the average per capita is only 29g, which is equivalent to three big cherries or 15 ~ 17 cherries in China. It can be seen that cherry has a broad market prospect. The sweet cherry varieties cultivated in China are mainly European and American varieties, which perform well in northern China. Because European sweet cherry generally needs a low temperature below 7.2℃ for 900 ~ 1400 hours to complete winter dormancy, it can not be cultivated in large areas in southern China. Therefore, China cherry is still the main cultivated variety in southern provinces of China. At the same time, there are few excellent cherry varieties in China, and the cultivated varieties generally have many shortcomings, such as small fruit, sour taste, fruit cracking before harvest, fruit dropping and so on. The successful breeding of black pearl, an excellent cherry variety in China, has made up for these shortcomings.

There are two kinds of wild cherries, Asia and Europe, which are unrelated to each other. Later, other cherries were cultivated. Mainly distributed in the northern hemisphere in the world, China is mainly produced in Shandong, Anhui, Liaoning, Hebei, Shaanxi, Gansu, Henan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Sichuan and other places. Born on the sunny side of the hillside or beside the ditch, it is often cultivated, with an altitude of 300 ~ 600 m. The cherry in Ancun, Heishan, yinan county, Linyi City, Shandong Province is famous at home and abroad. Every year, the Cherry Blossom Festival is held in late April of the lunar calendar, and tourists from all over the world come in an endless stream! This kind of fruit is abundant in Zhenning Buyi and Miao Autonomous County, Anshun City, Guizhou Province, China. Cherry in Taihe County, Anhui Province was always tasted as a tribute by the royal family during the Qing Dynasty.

Archaeologists unearthed cherry seeds in ancient tombs of Shang Dynasty and Warring States Period. Three thousand years ago, in the Book of Rites, it was recorded that "in midsummer festival, peaches are recommended to sleep in the temple first". The "peach" here is cherry. Cherry has been listed as a tribute of the imperial court in history. The famous cherry varieties in China are sweet cherry in Xichang, Sichuan, drooping cherry in Nanjing, Jiangsu, dwarf cherry in Zhuji, Zhejiang, Taishan cherry in Tai 'an, Shandong, and Taihe cherry in Taihe, Anhui. Among them, Sichuan sweet cherry is famous for its sweet taste, thin skin, juicy and small fruit. Every March, there is an endless stream of tourists. Sichuan is the best cherry in Huangcao Township, Baima Town, Miyi County, Panzhihua. It is exported to other big cities in China every year and is deeply loved by the masses.

The first American cherries to enter the China market came from California. On June 8, 2007, the first batch of 1080kg 2 16 boxes of cherries imported from the United States in China arrived in Shanghai by air recently.

Variety type

The varieties of cherry are: red light, early red, pioneer, big purple robin, early plum and early big fruit.

Among them, Hongguang and Xianfeng are the most common varieties, and they are also two high-quality varieties in cherry. The color of red light is reddish, and the short and ripe "red light" tastes slightly sweet and sour. Pioneer has a deep red color and a long fruit stalk, and the mature "Pioneer" tastes pure and sweet. Black pearl is a rare variety with slender fruit stalks, hard pulp and high sugar content.

Soft-preserved eggs (yellow and white) have slender handles, soft meat, soft skin and high sugar content.

Selection of planting, gardening and planting varieties

Cherry in China is weak in cold resistance and likes warm and humid climate, so it is suitable for cultivation in the place where the annual average temperature is 15 ~ 16℃. Sweet cherries like cold and dry. The natural dormancy period of cherry is about 80 ~ 100 days. The chilling requirement of sweet cherry for complete dormancy below 7.2℃ is 1 100 ~ 1300 hours. Sour cherry needs 1200 ~ 2500 hours. China cherry has a short dormancy period, and it is easy to sprout new buds when the temperature warms up in late winter and early spring. In case of "late spring cold" (frost or snow), the organs of flowers are frozen, which even seriously affects the yield and even fails to harvest seeds. Therefore, in the development, we must pay attention to whether the time when the local low-temperature cold wave strikes every spring coincides with the flowering period, and we should not plant cherries in places where adverse weather (frost, snowfall, strong wind) occurs in successive years of flowering. Even in places where disastrous weather rarely occurs, it is necessary to choose suitable small terrain for planting when building gardens.

The annual rainfall suitable for cherry growth is generally 700 ~ 1000 mm, and how to solve the problem of "spring drought" should be fully considered in building gardens in some areas in the south. Because in the early stage of fruit growth, drought will cause serious fruit drop and affect fruit growth and development.

Cherry is a light-loving tree species, while China cherry is more shade-tolerant, but it has good light, early fruit ripening and good coloring.

Cherry is suitable for cultivation in deep, fertile and loose sandy soil. The pH value of soil is generally 6.0 ~ 7.5.

The vertical distribution of cherry roots in China is generally concentrated in the soil layer about 20 cm deep, which requires loose soil and good irrigation and drainage conditions. Heavy clay is not suitable for planting cherries. As cherries are not easy to transport, the garden should be built in a place with convenient transportation. [3]

Planting density should vary according to varieties, rootstocks and soil conditions. On the fertile flat land, China cherries were planted in a Y-shape with a density of 1×3m and 220 plants per mu. If natural clumping or natural happiness is adopted, it can be planted in the size of 2 ~ 3m× 3 ~ 4m. The density can be appropriately increased in the young age, and thinning measures should be taken after the garden is completed.

Planting time is generally divided into autumn and spring. It should be planted in cold, dry and windy areas of Yichun in winter and before seedling germination in spring. It can be planted in warm places in winter and autumn.

Before planting, the soil should be deeply turned and cooked, and planting holes should be dug. Apply 25-50kg organic fertilizer to each hole. After mixing fertilizer with soil, plant seedlings and water the roots immediately. [4]