The height of a free spindle-shaped pear tree is generally 50~60 cm. The central trunk is upright and stout, and there are 12~20 small branches on it, which extend around in a uniaxial direction. The distance between main branches is about 20 cm, the opening angle of main branches is 70~90 degrees, the distance between main branches in the same direction is more than 50 cm, and the length of main branches is more than 1.5~2.0 meters. Small and medium-sized fruit branches are planted directly on the main branches. The height of the tree is 2.5~3.5 meters. The suitable density is 80~ 1 10 plants/mu. Early-maturing varieties are more suitable for this tree.

Second, the main points of training

? 1, fixed stem. After the finished seedlings are planted, the cuttings are dried at the height of 70-80 cm. When preparing for cutting in winter, if the seedling height is more than 1.5 meters, it is not necessary to cut in winter, and it will be bent at the height of 80 cm before and after germination in the next spring, and the growing point will be replaced. By cutting buds and forcibly pulling branches instead of pruning, the growth of main branches can be promoted, and the growth of main branches at the bottom can be increased, which is conducive to building a good tree skeleton and preventing the phenomenon that the upper branches are strong and the lower branches are weak due to excessive drying.

? Annual trees are cut down in winter. When the new shoots are less than 80 cm, they can be lightly cut to promote growth, and when the branches are longer than l meters, they can be cut slowly. If the growth of the central trunk is too small, it can be cut off to accelerate the growth, and the main branch can be cultivated after the vigorous new branches grow in the second year. If the length of the central trunk is greater than 1.5m, it can be released slowly without cutting, and cut 50cm in the next spring without pulling, so as to promote the branching amount and control the upper part to promote the growth of the lower part.

3. Cut it in winter after two years. The basic cutting method is the same as that of that year, lightly cutting the branches with intervals and putting the branches that intersect for a long time until the tree is completely built.

? Third, matters needing attention

? 1, carving buds to promote hair growth. Spindle-shaped trees have no sense of hierarchy, so every spring, two full buds with suitable directions should be selected among the extended branches cut from the central trunk to sprout, so as to promote new shoots as the main branches.

2, open angle, ventilation and light transmission. The opening angle of main branches should be treated differently, and annual branches should be opened in time. When the branch length reaches the center of row spacing, it can reach 70~90 degrees at a time; If the branch is short, you can first open the bottom angle, then the length is equal to the center distance and then pull it to the standard angle. Pear trees are usually opened and pulled in early autumn. In order to prevent splitting, the bottom corner can be opened in advance by bracing, pulling and hanging in the summer.

3, reasonable pruning. Free spindle pruning is mainly based on thinning, and the branches of the current year should be as short as possible. It is mainly to cut and lengthen the branches lightly and make full use of the space to arrange branches, so as to achieve the goal of early fruit and high yield. ? Pucheng Fruit Industry Bureau? Fu Shegang? a surname

? First, the tree structure

The height of spindle-shaped pear trees is generally 50~60 cm. The central trunk is upright and stout, and there are 12~20 small branches on it, which extend around in a uniaxial direction. The distance between main branches is about 20 cm, the opening angle of main branches is 70~90 degrees, the distance between main branches in the same direction is more than 50 cm, and the length of main branches is more than 1.5~2.0 meters. Small and medium-sized fruit branches are planted directly on the main branches. The height of the tree is 2.5~3.5 meters. The suitable density is 80~ 1 10 plants/mu. Early-maturing varieties are more suitable for this tree.

Second,