Explain in detail:
1, Budweiser wipe
Erasing useless buds as early as possible in spring can reduce their consumption of nutrients, improve ventilation and light transmission conditions and improve fruit quality.
Step 2 pull the branches
Pulling branches can disperse the advantages at the top of branches, enrich the buds in the middle and rear parts of branches, increase the number of branches, and help to expand the crown and bear fruit early.
3, thinning branches
Thinning, also called thinning, refers to cutting annual or perennial branches from the base. It is suitable for the treatment of secondary branches or dense branches under cutting with closed crown, poor ventilation and light transmission and fierce competition. Thinning branches is beneficial to enhance the ventilation and light transmission conditions of crown, improve fruit quality and increase yield.
4. Choose your heart
Picking is to remove the growing point of the new tip during the growing period. (1) Picking the core at seedling stage is beneficial to the crown enlargement and thickening growth of seedlings, and improves their cold resistance and drought resistance. (2) For strong and prosperous trees, the seed setting rate can be significantly improved by removing the core from the auxiliary shoots on the fruit surface from the full flowering stage to the physiological fruit dropping stage.
5. Ring cutting
It is suitable for dealing with leafy trees or trees that are fruitless at the right age, or auxiliary branches. And the girdling can be controlled before and after, thereby improving the quality of the middle and rear buds of the treated branches, being beneficial to flower bud differentiation, flowering and fruiting, and improving the yield.
6, broken roof
That is, breaking the terminal bud, inhibiting the top and promoting germination. Taking advantage of the high germination rate of pear trees, breaking the terminal buds of annual branches before germination can promote the growth of medium and short branches, which is beneficial to the cultivation of medium and small fruiting branches and has good flowering and fruiting effects.
Step 7 take it back
Retraction, also called shrinkage cutting, is to cut the perennial branches short. Suitable for the treatment of perennial branches or weak branches. Retraction is beneficial to rejuvenating trees, improving the quality of flower buds, increasing the number of fruits and achieving three-dimensional results.
8, girdling
Girdling is girdling, that is, stripping a certain width of (ring) skin from branches. Rational use of girdling on pear trees can achieve obvious effects of inhibiting vigorous growth, promoting flower bud formation, improving fruit setting rate and increasing fruit size. Circumcision is mostly used for crown control of strong and prosperous trees and treatment of early flowering and early fruiting of auxiliary branches. If the main branch is too thick, it needs to be girdled before it is greatly retracted, which is beneficial to increase the amount of flowers and enrich the inner chamber. At the same time, girdling treatment is beneficial to early fruit and so on.
9, stroke branch
Softening the new shoots in the same year in stages during the growth period is beneficial to relax growth, enrich branches, promote flower bud differentiation and bear fruit early.
10, long play
Long release means not cutting, slow release and throwing. On the basis of pruning some branches, consciously leave some uncut branches. Mostly used to deal with leafy trees or leafy branches. Long-term planting is conducive to relaxing tree vigor, flowering early and bearing fruit early.
1 1, shortcut
Cut off part of the annual branches and keep part of the buds, that is, cut them short. Short cutting is divided into light short cutting, medium short cutting, heavy short cutting and extremely heavy short cutting. After light and short cutting, there are more short branches and fewer long branches, which is beneficial to relax the tree and form flower buds; After medium and short cutting treatment, there are more long branches and fewer short branches, which are mostly used to cultivate fruiting branches; Heavy and short joints are used to control strong branches; Extremely heavy shortcuts are used to update branch groups. Generally speaking, short cutting is suitable for varieties with strong germination and weak branching ability.
12, twist tip
That is, in the growing period, the annual erect or oblique vegetative branches are made into flourishing branches, and when semi-lignified, the base is softened several times to make it droop. Twisting the tip can slow down the growth of the treated branches and is beneficial to flowering and fruiting.