The design of automobile pendants needs to be considered from many aspects, such as design expectation, use, cost, processing difficulty, materials and so on, in order to achieve the best balance and rationality. Therefore, the aluminum pendant is not a cow's thing, and it has certain advantages in reducing the unsprung weight!
At present, most middle and high-grade cars on the market use aluminum alloy suspension. The suspension made of this material has the advantages of light weight, relatively low maintenance cost, reduced vehicle weight and greatly reduced pressure on wheels, so the sensitivity, handling sensitivity and fuel consumption of the vehicle will be improved.
In fact, there are several kinds of suspension materials. Stamped steel is the most common material, but there is stress in this material (simply understood as the force inside the material, which may change the shape of the part if it is not removed).
Although aluminum alloy suspension has a good effect of reducing weight and improving handling, its mechanical properties are not as good as that of cast iron suspension, that is, its hardness is not as good as that of cast iron suspension. Therefore, aluminum alloy is used in places where the stress of ordinary cars is small, and cast iron is still used in key parts.
Cast iron is a very hard iron alloy with high hardness and high carbon content. Its disadvantages are poor toughness and brittleness. Therefore, the cast iron suspension will not be deformed, and it can be directly removed or kept as it is.
The suspension of two different materials has its own advantages. The advantage of aluminum alloy is its light weight, which conforms to the development trend of automobile lightweight, while the cast iron suspension is stronger and more suitable for some hard-core off-road vehicles.
Besides, the casting is good. First pour it on the blank, then pour it for one and a half years. This is the way to eliminate the pressure, and the blank is affected by the pressure. Generally speaking, cast steel and cast aluminum are almost the same in relieving stress. As for forged aluminum, the cost is too high to be widely used!
Advantages of hanging aluminum
In fact, the strength of aluminum for automobiles is not low. At present, the domestic output of hanging aluminum for seven series aluminum castings is very low, and most of them depend on imports, so the cost of hanging aluminum alloy is really high.
But we usually classify the part connecting the car body and the wheels as unsprung weight, so the suspension is also classified as unsprung weight, so the reduction of suspension weight is equal to the reduction of unsprung weight. So there is a saying that one kilogram is under the spring and ten kilograms is above the spring, and then for the sake of performance, there is a way to reduce the weight of each part of the spring.
However, the quality of spring is not suitable for today's lightweight development, just like today's cars, which are not as heavy as last century's cars, which is actually the reason for the sharp decline in spring quality.
As for the unsprung weight, the lower the better, of course, because the lower unsprung weight can make the chassis have greater adjustment limit, so aluminum alloy material is advocated to reduce the unsprung weight, and this method is also adopted!
The adoption of aluminum alloy suspension reduces the unsprung weight of vehicles. Tire quality has a great influence on the up-and-down movement speed of suspension. The greater the mass of the reed, the longer it takes to change the actuating direction (such as using a fixed suspension), which will lead to the decline of the ability to track the road undulation. If the weight of the car body is small, the suspension fulcrum can not be effectively fixed in the position opposite to the ground, so that the car body will float when the tires have not moved to the corresponding degree of ground undulation.
Although aluminum alloy suspension is very helpful to the performance of vehicle handling, it is generally only suitable for high-end models of luxury brands because of its high manufacturing cost. At present, about 200,000 vehicles on the market rarely or never use this suspension material, and many vehicles use cast iron or stamped steel as the main suspension material. At present, only Ford Sharp can reach the price range of about 200,000, and this all-aluminum suspension will be used for about 500,000 models.
In short, reeds are light in weight. When your car is driving on a bumpy road, the resilience of the suspension system will be faster when it is pressed down. A car with aluminum alloy suspension will become very stable after 80 yards because of its quick resilience. In addition, when the unsprung weight decreases, the power on the wheel will also increase, that is to say, the power loss transmitted to the wheel is small, and the acceleration will be improved to a certain extent.
Generally speaking, no matter what happens, we should pay attention to the use, but also consider the cost and price. Hanging aluminum alloy on some advanced cars is indeed a bright spot, which is not its original intention, but the satisfaction brought by high prices. Why not use those famous hard-core off-road vehicles? It may be a problem of strength, or the maintenance cost is too high. In a word, a good product should be balanced.