How to grow black pearl cherry?
Garden construction
1. Garden selection: Black pearl cherry likes sunshine, but is not tolerant to waterlogging and drought. Slopes with good light should be selected for drainage, and sandy loam with deep soil layer and pH value of 6-7 is the best. If the garden is built on flat or clay ground, attention should be paid to drainage and soil improvement. Before planting 1 month, ditches with a width of 80- 100 cm and a depth of 60-80 cm can be opened to improve the soil, and artificial leather, crop straws, phosphate fertilizer and pig manure water can be pressed in layers. You can also plant it according to the design density first, and then expand the holes year by year to improve the soil. The official WeChat account v y k 58 8, which likes online shopping, can receive major online shopping vouchers for free.
2. Seedling planting: it can be planted in September and February every year, but it is best to plant in summer climate 10- 1 1. Dwarfing and close planting are adopted, and the plant spacing is 1.53.0m (per mu 150 plants). Black pearl cherry has high self-pollination rate and is not suitable for pollination trees. But in order to obtain more reliable yield, pollination trees can be planted according to 1: 8. At present, Dahongpao cherry is the main pollination variety. Root water should be thoroughly poured when planting. After complete infiltration, sprinkle a layer of fine niobium soil on the tree disk, and finally cover the tree disk with weeds (2-5 cm thick) with a diameter of 1.0 m to keep the soil moisture.
Plastic trimming
1. Molding: Because it is a light-loving tree species, it is appropriate to mold a dense planting garden with a small crown and sparse layers, which takes 2-3 years to form. Its shaping method is: leave a trunk of 40-60 cm in the planting year, select 1 vigorous upright branches as the central trunk, select the other four branches as the first layer main branches, and select 2-4 branches as the auxiliary branches. When the main branch is 30 cm long, pick the core to promote the branch and choose the extended branch. At the beginning of July, adjust the angle of the main branch to make it form an included angle of 70-80 degrees with the main branch. Pick auxiliary branches at 15-20 cm to promote branching, and adjust the angle at the beginning of May to make them grow horizontally and form short bundles. In July and August, chemical control and water control measures were combined to promote flower bud differentiation. When cutting in the spring of the following year, leave a 60 cm short central trunk to cultivate the second layer of lateral branches. Three main branches and two auxiliary branches were cultured in the same way. In the third year, the third layer of main branches was cultivated in the same way, leaving two main branches. After 3 years of molding, the height of the tree is controlled between 2 and 2.5 meters.
2. Pruning: during the young tree period, summer pruning is the main method. In summer, the leafy branches can be pulled out to promote the formation of short branches and middle branches. When cutting in winter, long release is the main method to promote flowering and fruiting. High-yield trees are mainly harvested in winter, and measures such as thinning and retraction are taken to improve the lighting and ventilation conditions of trees and achieve three-dimensional effects. The weak branches are replaced by short shears, and the old branches are retracted. At the same time, the branches extending between rows are retracted, so that the rows keep a ventilated and light-transmitting area of about 80 cm. The internal long branches are properly reserved according to the situation, twisted in summer, and cultivated into regenerated branches. In addition, the buds of cherry blossoms are solitary, so leaf buds must be selected as cutting buds when pruning.
Guo Hua management
1. crown control and flower promotion: crown control and flower promotion are the key to the success of close planting garden, which can be carried out from May to August, using chemical and agricultural techniques. Common methods are: spraying 300 times of paclobutrazol 15% at the beginning of May, controlling fertilizer and water, ditching and drainage, and keeping the orchard properly dry. The angulation and coring of upright branches open in June-August.
2. Flower protection and fruit protection: The methods of flower protection and fruit protection include: planting pollinated varieties properly, releasing bees at flowering stage, and spraying mixed solution of 0. 1% borax +02% urea +0. 1-2 times. Fruit thinning can be carried out after the first physiological fruit drop in late March, mainly to remove insect fruit, diseased fruit and abnormal fruit.
3. Prevention of Fruit Cracking: Fruit cracking and fruit dropping before harvest are the main reasons for the low yield of cherries in southern China. In the year of uneven rainfall, black pearl cherry still has slight fruit cracking and fruit dropping before harvest, which can be prevented by measures such as irrigation in dry period, grass mulching between rows, large-cycle spraying of phosphorus and potassium on fruits, and application of potassium fertilizer in early spring.
Fertilizer and water management
1. fertilizer and water management in nursery: young black pearl cherry trees grow fast and bloom easily. In order to produce early and high yield, fertilizer and water management should be strengthened in the same year of planting, so that it can quickly form a high yield crown, stop growing before July and complete flower bud differentiation as soon as possible. When the new shoots are 2 cm long in the year of planting, the first fertilizer can be applied, and each plant can be applied with urine 15 g, monoammonium phosphate 10 g (or 20 g of calcium superphosphate) and 5 kg of pig manure water. After that, topdressing 1-2 times a month, and gradually increasing the amount of fertilization with the expansion of the crown. Stop topdressing after mid-June, control water and vegetative growth, and promote flower bud differentiation. At the beginning of September, basal fertilizer was applied once, and each plant could be applied with 20 kilograms of human and animal manure and 250 grams of calcium superphosphate. In the second year, the output of dense planting garden is considerable, and potassium fertilizer should be added. Fertilize three times a year. For the first time, the germination accelerating fertilizer was applied in early February. Urea100-150g, potassium sulfate 50g and pig manure10kg were applied to each plant. The second time is to apply post-harvest fertilizer in early May, with urine per plant 150g and human and animal manure 20kg. For the third time, base fertilizer was applied in the middle and late September, and 20 kilograms of human and animal manure and 500 grams of calcium superphosphate were applied to the plants.
2. Fertilizer and water management in high-yield garden: the dense planting garden enters the high-yield period in the third year, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be properly controlled and more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied. Fertilize three times a year. For the first time, the germination accelerating fertilizer was applied at the end of 10 in 65438. Apply potassium fertilizer to people at one time to facilitate the absorption and expansion of fruits. At the same time, nitrogen fertilizer can be applied, and 3600 kilograms of pig manure water, 40 kilograms of urea and 30 kilograms of potassium sulfate can be applied per mu. At the beginning of May, the second post-harvest fertilizer was applied to restore the tree vigor and provide nutrients for flower bud differentiation, mainly nitrogen, and 4,400 kg of pig manure water and 30 kg of urea could be applied. The third time in late September, basic fertilizers, mainly organic fertilizers and phosphate fertilizers, were applied to accumulate nutrients for the next year's growth, and 5000 kg of pig and chicken manure water and 80 kg of calcium superphosphate could be applied.
3. Orchard ploughing and moisturizing: the orchard is ploughed once a year in winter, and weeded with herbicides for 2-3 times every March-65438+1October. In March and April, cover the tree tray with weeds or crop straws and make rows. When there is drought for five consecutive days, irrigate it properly to keep the soil moist and reduce fruit cracking. In September, combined with fertilization, reaming and soil improvement, weeds and other organic substances were pressed into the garden. Pay attention to digging holes and draining water from May to August to reduce soil moisture, so as to promote flower bud differentiation and control crown.
How much is a catty of black pearl cherry?
The price of black pearl cherry is around 16-45 yuan, and the price will be different due to different regions and quality. The specific price depends on local conditions and is for reference only.