Cultivation method of Melaleuca Melaleuca
Melaleuca leuca has developed taproots, few lateral roots and thin roots, and the taproots go deep into the soil layer. When heel in is a big seedling, if there are not many taproots, lateral roots and fine roots, it will inevitably affect its water absorption function, leading to water imbalance in the body and death. Therefore, to solve the problem of maintaining water balance in plants after transplanting, we should not only move from the perspective of transplanting technology, but also pay attention to cultivation and maintenance, and treat them comprehensively.
Cultivation is the preparation stage of transplantation, and the cultivation method is: first potted, then planted in the ground. The purpose of pot culture is to change its root system, that is, from deep direct root system to developed shallow fibrous root system. Its practice: 1, cutting method. Cut off the semi-mature non-flowering lateral branches of Zhao Yue, which are 10- 12 cm long and have slightly mature branches at the base of 1 year. Six cuttings are planted in semi-sandy mud, and they can take root in a day or so by building a shed to keep humidity. After the rich root group develops vigorously, it will be on the pot. 2. Sowing method. 4. Harvest ripe fruits in the same month, mix seeds with fine sand, then sow, cover with fine soil to keep humidity, germinate for about 35 days, and interplant seedlings in time. When the height of the seedlings is about 15 cm, put them in a pot filled with soil and choose a big pot to grow. The soil for potted plants is sandy loam or light loam. The purpose of soil selection is to facilitate moving pots, keep the soil intact and protect the roots from damage. After the seedlings are potted, they should be placed in the shade. When the seedlings grow normally, they can be placed for half a day or all day. A proper distance should be kept between seedlings, and the distance between seedlings should be adjusted in time with the growth of seedlings to keep the plants spherical. Pots should be padded with red bricks to prevent the roots of seedlings from penetrating through the drainage holes and infiltrating into the soil layer, thus losing the role of potted plants. Fertilize once a month during potted plants. In April of the following year, the height of the seedling is about 60 cm, so it can be cultivated in seedbed without potted plants, that is, planted in the ground. He should also use sandy loam or light loam as the soil for planting seedbeds, so as to keep the soil balls intact when raising seedlings. The row spacing of plants can generally be 12. ~ 150 cm, after planting on the ground for about 1 year, the seedlings can be transplanted out of the nursery when the height is greater than 120 cm. Most roots of seedlings cultivated in this way are concentrated in the base 5. Within cm (see color photo 5), so that the relatively complete root system can be preserved when the value is transferred, which is the key to the survival of transplantation.
Key points of planting and maintenance of Melaleuca trees
1, pruning
Although after the above culture, well-developed and complete fibrous roots can be preserved. However, the water balance will not return to normal soon after transplanting, and pruning before emergence is an effective measure to reduce water transpiration. It is beneficial to maintain the water balance in plants, especially in the hot summer with large evaporation, and pruning is more important. Pruned branches
Leaves, accounting for about one-third of the whole plant, are mainly internal branches (shady branches) and new shoots. When transplanting in winter and spring, the top branches with flower buds should be kept, so as to blossom in summer after transplantation and achieve the recent greening effect.
Step 2 raise seedlings
The soil should not be too wet or too dry. The size of the soil ball should be 40~50 cm in diameter and 30~40 cm in column height, which is cylindrical, and the bottom of the pot should not have a shape. Immediately after seedling raising, it should be wrapped with straw or other materials and lightly unloaded to prevent soil balls from being scattered and exposed, which is an important link for survival.
Step 3 plant
80x80 cm is suitable for tree holes, and the base fertilizer should be well applied, and the soil miscellaneous fertilizer should be1; Apply 1 to the bottom, and add 5 cm thick pure land for compaction to avoid the root system from burning due to contact with fertilizer. Take out the soil ball bag, put the plants in the hole so that the soil ball is flush with the ground, then fill it in layers so that there is no gap at the bottom, and water it immediately after planting.
4. Maintenance
After planting, water 1~2 times a day, thoroughly irrigate the soil layer, and at the same time spray water on the branches and leaves to keep them moist, which plays an important role in reducing water transpiration and maintaining water balance in the plant. Spraying water on branches and leaves is another important link in survival after planting. Some plants have loose soil and can survive by spraying some water on their branches and leaves. They should be transplanted in June-September, when the weather is hot and the evaporation of water is large, so the number of spraying water on branches and leaves should be increased appropriately. Fertilization is very important for the rapid recovery of plants. Dilute nitrogen fertilizer can be applied once every 0/5 day after planting, and high-quality organic fertilizer can be applied once a month later. In the future, high-quality organic fertilizer can be applied every year 1~2 times. After the flowering period every year, pruning once, controlling the growth height and keeping the tree beautiful can promote the germination of more new branches.
Growth habit of Melaleuca Melaleuca
Melaleuca enjoys a warm and humid climate, is resistant to scorching sun and heat, with a low temperature of -5℃ and a high temperature of 45℃, and the suitable growth temperature is about 25℃. The requirement for moisture is not strict, but it grows faster under wet conditions. The south of the Yangtze River can be cultivated in the open field, and it blooms twice a year in spring and summer under natural conditions. The northern region needs greenhouse cultivation in winter, and it should be maintained in sunny places to avoid cold wind. Artificial forcing flowers can bloom on New Year's Day and Spring Festival. Because it is difficult to transplant evergreen trees, seedlings of snakes with soil are often used for transplantation. Climate conditions must be guaranteed for planting in the open field. The growth environment of Melaleuca should be improved by soil fertilization and other improvement methods to promote growth. It is easier to manage after survival, mainly to prevent frostbite at low temperature, control plant growth through pruning, and achieve H-shaped greening and greening effects through pruning into various patterns. Potted soil should be cultivated with loose, permeable, water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining soil, and soil snake seedlings should be planted in pots and watered regularly.
Breeding and seedling raising are mainly based on sowing, and the seeds are very small, so it is necessary to seed them with sand dressing, and they can germinate in 10 days. When the seedling height is 3cm, it can be transplanted. Cutting should be carried out in June-August, and the cuttings are semi-mature branches, about 8- 10cm long, and the base of the cuttings slightly covers 1 annual mature branches.
The cultivation substrate likes fertile and moist acidic soil, but it can also tolerate barren and dry soil. Potted soil with loose permeability and water and fertilizer conservation should be used.
Planting is not resistant to transplanting, and the seedlings are planted with clods, 1 potted plant is 20cm, and the spacing between plants is 80cm. Apply thin fertilizer frequently during the fertilizer and water growth period, and do not apply fertilizer in winter. Potted plants can keep the soil moist in spring and autumn, water should be strengthened in midsummer, and the ground around the pot should be sprinkled with water.
Plastic has strong curing and germination ability and is resistant to pruning. Seedlings can be trimmed into various patterns according to the needs of greening, and the seedlings are supported by bamboo to prevent lodging. Potted plants should be pruned 1 time every 3 years to promote flowering. Uses: ground planting and potted plants are suitable for landscaping, ornamental trees, street trees and landscape trees, and can also be used as windbreaks, cut flowers or large potted plants. After pruning, they can become noble bonsai.