1, variety selection

In fact, raspberries look like strawberries and taste sour and sweet, but they taste different from strawberries and have different growth carriers. There are many kinds of raspberries, such as red raspberry, black raspberry, red Baoyu, April bubble, June bubble, tray, double-season raspberry and so on. There are about a dozen or twenty kinds in total, but the best variety we planted artificially is double-season raspberry or black raspberry, which can be harvested twice, and the yield of black raspberry is stronger than other raspberries, with higher yield, better nutritional mechanism and taste.

2. Fertilizer and water management

Although raspberry used to be wild, I think it has any requirements for nutrition and water beauty. In fact, it can only show that it has strong adaptability and can still survive and bear fruit in harsh environment. If you want to grow raspberries with higher yield than usual, then you must manage the fertilizer and water well.

First of all, talk about fertilization. Besides the base fertilizer, we need topdressing twice. The base fertilizer is mainly farmyard manure, which needs proper amount of urea and phosphate fertilizer. The first topdressing is at the time of flowering, mainly using nitrogen fertilizer, which can prolong the flowering period, and at the same time spraying some non-toxic chemicals in the second period to promote the growth of fruits. The second fertilization is one week after fruit setting. At this time, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are mainly used to promote the growth of fruits and roots, so as to prepare for high yield in the coming year.

3. Branch management

We all know that the branches and leaves of raspberries are constantly growing and will extend outward, so we should pay attention to the density when planting, so that it has enough space to extend the branches and leaves, and then some new branches and leaves will grow after planting raspberries, so that we can cut off the older, fragile or diseased branches and leaves and reduce unnecessary nutrient loss.

When the new branch grows to 40-50 cm, we can take off the top of the new branch, and after about five days, several lateral branches will grow. Increasing the number of branches of raspberries is also a way to increase production. After each raspberry is harvested, we need to prune the branches and leaves of the raspberry again. This time, I mainly want to have a high yield next year, so I need to cut off the branches that have already borne fruit, and then wrap them with plastic wrap so that the new branches can grow and bear fruit again in the next year.

4. Disease control

The most common diseases of raspberries are stem rot and powdery mildew. Stem rot mainly harms the new branches of raspberries. At first, there were many black spots on the stem, and then slowly the branches were damaged. In the worst case, the whole plant withered. The control method is to spray 500 times of thiophanate methyl solution or 500 times of 40% ethyl phosphate solution or 500 times of thiram solution.

Not to mention powdery mildew, it can be controlled with 25% triadimefon wettable powder 1000- 1500 times. The main pests are moths and beetles. We can trap them or spray them directly with chemicals. The commonly used chemicals are trichlorfon and dimethoate.

5, harvesting and preservation

Raspberries need to be harvested in batches, only those ripe fruit trees are harvested at one time, and those semi-ripe and green raspberries are reserved for the second and third harvest.

When harvesting ripe fruits, we should also pay attention to distinguish the good from the bad. Harvest must be timely, and you can spend a little time in the morning, but not too late. If it is too late, raspberries will rot or fall to the ground, so we should grasp the harvesting time. Finally, raspberries are fragile and the preservation time is relatively short, so existing insurance technologies can be used to keep them fresh, such as low-temperature preservation and inflatable packaging. if

Extended data:

Control of main pests and diseases

The main common diseases of raspberry are stem rot, willow bat moth and raspberry perforation moth.

1, stem rot

Stem rot damages the basal branches of raspberries, usually on new branches. At first, a dark gray scald-like lesion appeared near the ground from the new tip, which was about 1.5-2.5cm long and 0.6- 1.2cm wide. The lesion spread rapidly around, turned brown, and black spots of different sizes appeared on the surface of the lesion, and the xylem turned brown and necrotic. With the expansion of the disease area, the leaves and petioles turn yellow and wither, and finally the whole plant dies. The high temperature and rainy season is the peak of the disease, and it is the most common in June-August in our region.

Prevention and cure method

(1) Clear the garden in autumn, cut off diseased branches and burn them centrally.

② At the initial stage of the disease from May to July, spraying 500 times of thiophanate methyl solution, 500 times of 40% phosphoramido solution or 500 times of thiram solution.

③ Selection of disease-resistant varieties. Relatively speaking, black raspberry is more disease-resistant than red raspberry, and it is more suitable for planting in southern China.

2. The willow-leaf bat moth

Hepialus willow is the main pest of raspberry, which seriously affects the second yield. Its larvae began to eat new shoots in early July (from the end of May to June in some areas), and the entrance was 40-60 cm from the ground, and most of them ate downward. Hepialus willow often comes out to eat phloem outside the wormhole, mostly for a week or so. Bitten sawdust is stuck with feces with silk and surrounded by trees for a long time, and the injured branches are easy to break and dry up and die.

Prevention and cure method

(1) Cut off the damaged branches and burn them centrally before adult emergence.

② 2.5% deltamethrin can be sprayed for 2000-3000 times in the early stage of larval activity from mid-May to early August, which can achieve good control effect.

3. Raspberry perforation moth

It's harmful to red raspberries. Overwintering at the base of the basic branches in autumn, climbing the new shoots at the stage of leaf spreading, eating the buds, eating the buds, and then drilling into the new shoots, resulting in the death of the new shoots. After emergence, adults lay eggs in flowers in the evening. Larvae will bite berries at first, and then quickly move to the base for the winter.

Prevention and cure method

① Clear the garden after picking fruits in late autumn.

② Spraying 80% DDVP 1000 times solution or 2.5% deltamethrin 3000 times solution to kill larvae in early spring leaf stage.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Raspberry (Raspberry)