Perennial pomegranate stump potting technology

Published on: 2006-2-4 Source: Xue Yimin, Forestry Station of Xinghua Forestry and Animal Husbandry Bureau

Potted pomegranate flowers and fruits are beautiful , the large-fruited pomegranates are quite harvestable in autumn. If cultivated into a certain tree shape, it is also a good ornamental bonsai. Using perennial pomegranate stumps for potting has the characteristics of fast growth and abundant fruits. Perennial pomegranate stumps are good potted materials

Fruit trees. Based on some of the author’s experiences, we now introduce the techniques for potting perennial pomegranate stumps for your reference. 1. The source and collection of pomegranate stumps: small old trees in pomegranate gardens, densely planted perennial pomegranates with poor growth potential in the courtyard. Perennial pomegranate seedlings in nurseries that have not yet emerged from the nursery can be used, but the upper part of the trunk of the selected tree stump should have several larger branches. The varieties

are excellent local fresh food varieties. When collecting, keep part of the backbone roots and as many fibrous roots as possible.

2. Pot soil and nutrient soil: The pot for cultivation should be selected according to the size of the root system of the pomegranate tree stump. The diameter of the pot should be at least 40 centimeters

meter. For larger stumps, large pots can be used. Use small tanks for cultivation.

Nutrient soil is prepared from a variety of materials, such as 1/2 compost soil (leguminous crop straws are piled with field soil and decomposed for half a year to one year) + 1/4 garden soil + 1/4 sand Soil, add 0.5-1kg/cubic meter of 25% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer into the nutrient soil and mix well.

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3. Upper basin

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Root pruning: The collected pomegranate stumps should be pruned before being potted. The injured lateral roots should be pruned and smoothed, and the lateral roots that are too long should be shortened to encourage them

to grow fibrous roots and try to retain them. Useful fibrous roots, cut off about 20 cm of excessively long fibrous roots.

Potting: The potting time is carried out during the dormant period. Place a few pieces of broken tiles on the bottom hole of the selected pot and put in a layer. Coarse sand, add part of the nutrient soil, spread the roots of the pomegranate stump and place it on the nutrient soil, add enough nutrient soil, tap the edge of the pot while adding, finally compact the nutrient soil in the pot, leaving 3-5 cm at the mouth of the pot Do not fill it with soil as a watering outlet. After the nutrient soil is installed, water it once.

If the nutrient soil sinks due to watering after a period of time, add some more nutrient soil.

4. Fertilizer and water management: After pomegranate tree stumps are potted, root growth must first be restored. In the early stage of growth, it is not advisable to apply heavy fertilizers. Frequently apply some light fertilizers. Add about 30 times of water to the retting organic fertilizer solution, or use 0.1% Urea solution and organic fertilizer solution are applied alternately about 10 days apart. After the tree regains its growth, the concentration of liquid fertilizer is appropriately increased. Apply 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution twice for early leaves.

Expand Then use 0.2% urea for external root fertilization to supplement nitrogen. In summer, you can use 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate liquid for external fertilization. The following year, potted perennial pomegranate stumps can be fertilized normally. During the growth period, apply diluted fertilizer once every 7-10 days. Organic fertilizer solution can also be applied alternately with organic fertilizer solution 2-3 times in the early stage. For the last fertilization in September, a small amount of nitrogen and potassium compound fertilizer can be applied to the pot soil.

The soil in the pot should not be too wet after the pomegranate tree stump is potted. The early temperature is low, and the amount of watering should not be too large if the branches and leaves are small. However, water should be watered in time after the soil is dry, and the pot soil should be kept at a certain humidity before the root function is normal in summer and autumn. Water. The weather is hot in summer, so water should be poured once in the morning and once in the evening. In autumn, the pot soil should be watered alternately with dryness and wetness, and watering can be done every other day, which is beneficial to the differentiation of flower buds and the enrichment of branches.

5. Shaping and pruning.

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Shaping: After potting the perennial pomegranate tree stump, set the stem height to about 30-40 cm. The branches on the upper trunk should be heavy Short cut, pass

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Using methods such as pulling, tying, and tying to cultivate the trunk evacuation layer, There are about 5 backbone branches, staggered up and down, and the results are cultivated on the backbone branches

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Pruning: ⑴ Summer pruning: pomegranate buds mature early. It can shoot branches many times during the growth period, making the crown branches gradually denser during the growth period. Therefore, useless buds, useless twigs, overly dense branches, leggy branches, and long branches should be removed during the growth period to make the branches stronger. ⑵ Winter pruning: Pomegranate has many branches, so the branches should be thinned. The extended branches of the main branches and the branches cultivated as branch groups should be shortened. The mixed buds of pomegranate grow on or near the top of strong short branches, so be careful to keep them for later flowering and fruiting. Where the branches are sparse, long branches can be cut back into short sections, and the empty branches can be filled in. Generally, about 3 buds are left in short sections.

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6. Flower and fruit management

Thinning flowers and fruits: Pomegranate has large flowers and a long flowering period. It begins to bloom in May and can produce several blooms. Pomegranate has bell-shaped flowers and tube-shaped flowers. Bell-shaped flowers cannot set fruit and bear fruit, only part of the tube-shaped flowers can bear fruit and bear fruit. Therefore, before flowering, in addition to viewing, bell-shaped flower buds and overly dense flower buds should be removed in time. In addition, the fruits of the first and second crop of pomegranate flowers are larger, so they should be retained to allow them to bear fruit.

After fruit setting, if there are too many fruits, you need to thin them out. The principle of fruit thinning is to leave more first-plant fruits, second-plant fruits, and a small amount of third-plant fruits. Preserve flowers and fruits: Artificial pollination during the flowering period can increase the fruit setting rate. Use a brush to dip the pollen released from blooming on the tip of the brush and then point it to the newly opened cylindrical flower stigmas in other pots. Taking shelter from rain when it rains during the flowering period can also increase the fruit setting rate. Water during the flowering period

Do not water the flowers to prevent them from burning.

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7. Pest and disease control) b$ R6 }, t$ N4 _

Rotten fruit Disease: The main disease of potted pomegranates is fruit rot. From June to August during the rainy season, high temperature, high humidity, and excessive rain often occur, causing the entire fruit to rot and fall off. Use 1:1:160 times during the growing season. Bordeaux mixture or 300 times 25% multi-bacteria spray control

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Woolly aphids: Branches and leaves grow rapidly in the early growth period of spring. Wooly aphids suck the sap from young leaves and stems in young parts, seriously affecting the growth of branches and leaves and flowering and fruiting. Protect and utilize natural enemies of aphids on pomegranate trees, such as ladybugs and lacewings. When the damage is serious, use 0.4% laundry powder to wash aphids

4 u0 m1 |) I/ There are yellow thorn moths and green thorn moths. The larvae eat leaves and affect photosynthesis; the larvae often sting the human body.

The larvae can be killed manually or sprayed with 3000 times deltamethrin solution. < /p>

Scale insects: Mainly turtle and wax scales, which suck sap from branches, causing poor growth of pomegranates. During the dormant period, when there are no leaves, the scale insects are scraped from the tree.

8. Repot: Potted pomegranates generally need to be repotted or replaced with nutrient soil after 2-3 years of growth. When repotting, pull out the pomegranate soil from the pot and remove it. Root pad and part of the root system, and then put the prepared nutrient soil into the new pot. Put the pomegranate with soil and add enough nutrient soil. After the potted pomegranate grows in the pot for 2-3 years, the root pad must be removed if the pot is not changed to a larger pot. Replace with new nutrient soil and part of the root system,

and then water it enough. 9. Overwintering: Pay attention to cold protection for potted pomegranates during the winter. When the pot soil is dry and hit by a cold wave, the above-ground parts will be affected. It often freezes to death. If possible, it can be placed indoors or in a greenhouse to survive the winter. It can be placed in the open field in a place that is not too cold. The root and neck can be protected by covering the pot soil with a layer of grass.

Before the cold wave comes, check the dryness and moisture of the potting soil. If the potting soil is dry, water it once to prevent freezing and cold.