First, trim the extension of the main branch.
When the extension branches of the main and side branches are weak, the upper back branches with smaller growth angles can be selected as the extension branches of the main and side branches at the 2-3 years old positions at the front ends of the main and side branches. Delete the already weak extension branch.
Second, the pruning of new main branches.
When some backbone branches are weak, they should be rejuvenated as soon as possible, and suitable clustered branches can be selected in the crown to accelerate the cultivation to replace the backbone branches. For the clustered branches cultivated as main branches, the pruning length of 1-2 years is longer to slow down their growth; Cut off new branches properly in 3-4 years, promote re-branching, control the results, and properly handle branches that are too dense and too weak to affect the cultivation of backbone branches; After 4-5 years, new trunk branches can be cultivated to form COVID-19.
Third, prune old trees with many flower buds
For trees with weak branches, few branches and many flower buds, we should shrink weak branches to promote the development of new branches, cut short new branches everywhere, relieve excessive flower buds, adjust "year and year", reduce the burden on trees and promote the good development of branches.
Four, completely aging crown pruning
When pruning old apple trees with intact crown, the principles of paying equal attention to renewal and results are mainly re-pruning, more pruning and less thinning, strengthening the recovery of tree potential, slightly retracting big branches, renewing more branchlets and stimulating more branches. Big branches should be thinned and cut less, so as not to weaken the tree and shorten its life. When cutting short branches, the drooping branches at the top should be properly retracted, and the branches at the upper part of the bud back should be left under the cut, so as to improve the opening angle of the branches, and more short branches at the middle and rear parts and strong branches with full buds downward should be left.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) pruning of trees with incomplete crown
When pruning old trees with incomplete crown and few branches, COVID-19 should cultivate them with long branches. For trees with no central trunk and few upper branches, select appropriate upper branches and cultivate the central trunk. For trees with imperfect main branches and lateral branches, false long branches can be used at the missing branches, and plants and lateral branches can be cultivated by continuous cutting.
Six, the pruning of weak branches
For weak fruiting branches, it is necessary to retract in time, renew and rejuvenate, promote germination, and gradually form fruiting branches. If the inner cavity space is large and there are no fruiting branches, the inner cavity branches can be cultivated by proper branch growth or grafting to restore the tree potential and increase the yield.
Results According to the number, size and shape of branches, branches can be divided into small branches, middle branches and large branches.
1. The main axis of small fruit branches is uniaxial, about 65438±0.5cm long, with 2 ~ 5 small branches. The branches are about 25 cm high and 20 ~ 30 cm wide. Group B branchlets are easy to form flower buds and bear fruit early, which is the main branchlets with early maturity and high yield.
2. There are 2 ~ 3 branches on the main axis of medium-sized fruiting branches, about 30 cm long, 6 ~ 15 small branches, 30 ~ 50 cm high and 40 ~ 60 cm wide, and they are 4 ~ 7 years old.
3. There are many branches on the main axis of the large fruiting branch group, the length of the branch axis is 30 ~ 50 cm, and the number of branches is more than 16, which is formed by several small and medium branches on one main axis. 50 ~ 80 cm high and 50 ~ 70 cm wide.