Mango fruit contains sugar, protein and crude fiber. The content of vitamin A precursor carotene in mango is extremely high, which is rare among all fruits. Secondly, the content of vitamin C is not low. In addition, minerals, protein, fat, sugar, etc. It is also its main nutritional component.

brief introduction

Mango pinyin mángguǒ other names, also called mango. English name: mango Spanish name: mango scientific name: mangafera indicalinn, also known as: lemon fruit, juicy fruit, stuffy fruit, honey fruit, hope fruit, flour fruit, amber fruit, etc.

Biological classification: Eukaryotes, Plants, Angiosperms, Dicotyledons, Sapindaceae, Mango Species: Mango fruits are kidney-shaped, the main species are local mango and exotic mango, and the peel of local mango is green before maturity. When the native mango ripens, the peel color remains unchanged, while the exotic species turn orange or red. Mango pulp is juicy and sweet. Local mango seeds are large and have a lot of fiber, while exotic species have no fiber.

Edit the nutritional composition of this paragraph.

raw material

Mango fruit contains sugar, protein and crude fiber. The content of vitamin A precursor carotene in mango is extremely high, which is rare among all fruits. Secondly, the content of vitamin C is not low. In addition, minerals, protein, fat, sugar, etc. It is also its main nutritional component. Mango is one of the famous tropical fruits, also known as lemon fruit, juicy fruit, boring fruit, honey fruit, mango fruit and amber fruit. Because of its delicate pulp and unique flavor, it is deeply loved by people, so it is known as the "king of tropical fruits"

differentiate

Fruit size, shape, color, fiber content and stone size are the main basis for distinguishing mango varieties. However, there are many varieties and strains of mango. In the past, many natural hybrids were produced by using seedlings, and new varieties were constantly cultivated artificially. For example, researchers at the University of the Philippines have cultivated "seedless" mangoes through artificial genetic methods, and have achieved initial results, so there are now about 1000 mangoes in the world. Due to different varieties, the largest mango weighs several kilograms, and the smallest mango is only as big as a plum. Different shapes, such as round, oval, heart-shaped, kidney-shaped, slender, rich and so on; The colors of the peel are blue, green, yellow and red. The pulp is yellow, green, orange and other colors; Taste sour, sweet, slightly sweet, sweet and sour. Edit the characteristics and characteristics of this paragraph.

Mango (20) evergreen tree. Leaves clustered at the top of branches, leathery, oblong-lanceolate, panicles clustered at the top of branches, small and light yellow flowers, and bearing fruit after flowering. The fruit is large, oval and yellow when ripe. Sex likes warmth, not cold cream, but light. The average temperature is 20 ~ 30℃, and the growth is good. When the temperature drops below 18℃, the growth is slow, and the growth stops below 10℃. The most suitable annual rainfall range is 800 ~ 2500mm. The loam and sandy loam with low groundwater level, deep soil layer, rich organic matter, good drainage and loose texture are ideal, and grow well in slightly acidic to neutral soil with pH value of 5.5 ~ 7.5. Edit the species and selection of common mangoes in this paragraph.

The necessity of selecting mangoes

Summer is a good time to eat mangoes, which are not only delicious, but also nutritious, and are called "the king of tropical fruits".

mango

But picking mangoes also requires skill. Good mangoes taste delicious, but bad mangoes are sour and astringent.

kind

There are many kinds of mangoes, and the common mangoes on the market now are as follows: 1, green mango weighs about100g, that is, egg mango; 2. oblate yellow mango, namely Tailong mango; 3. The long mango weighing about 500 grams is called ivory awn; 4. There are also waist awns weighing about 50 grams and red awns weighing about 500 grams; Among them, Tailongmang and Yaomang have better quality, more fiber, more delicate and slightly sour taste.

select

But no matter what kind of mango you buy, you must follow a principle, that is, choose a mango with tender skin and deep color, so that it is fresh and mature. Don't pick something a little green, it's not a sign of full maturity; For mango with slightly wrinkled skin, don't feel stale and don't choose. On the contrary, such mangoes are sweeter. Although it was left for a while, its excess water was evaporated and sugar remained in the pulp, so the mango was the sweetest and smoothest at this time. In addition, it is best not to eat more than 200 grams of mango every day, because mango is a fruit rich in protein, and it is easy to get full if you eat too much. Edit this mango history.

There are no ripe mangoes (20 mangoes) on the tree. Mango is a tropical evergreen tree, belonging to the genus Mangifera in Cruciferae. It is 9 to 27 meters high, with needle-shaped leaves, oily green luster, small and numerous flowers, red or yellow, and terminal panicles. These trees can live for hundreds of years. India is native to India and Malaysia, with the longest cultivation history and the largest output, accounting for 80% of the world's output. The name of mango comes from the Thai-Mi Le language in southern India. The fruit of wild mango trees is inedible. Indians first discovered this tree, cultivated it into an edible mango, and used it to keep out the tropical sun. It has a history of more than 4000 years. According to legend, a devout believer once dedicated his mango garden to Sakyamuni so that he could rest in the shade. Up to now, the patterns of leaves, flowers and fruits of mango trees can be seen in Buddhist and Hindu temples in India. Hindus believe that the five petals of mango flower represent the five arrows of Kamadwa, the goddess of love, and mango is used to worship Saraswati. From 1556 to 1605, the mughal emperor Akbar had an orchard with100000 mango trees near Delhi. Such a large-scale mango orchard was rare in the world at that time. At present, people agree that the first person who introduced mango into India was Master Xuan Zang, a monk in the Tang Dynasty, and there is a record in "Records of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty" that "Amparo was rare in the world". Later, it was introduced to Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries, and then to Mediterranean countries. It didn't spread to Brazil, West Indies and Florida in the United States until18th century. Now, there are large areas of mango forest in these places. Many countries in the world have their favorite mango varieties. Thais often say that their mangoes are the best in the world. Thais love to eat a mango called Brahman Mia, which means "Brahman who sells his wife". Legend has it that there was a Brahmin who loved mangoes and sold his wife to buy mangoes, hence the name. Indians regard Alfonso mango, Peishan mango and Bengal mango as treasures. Sri lankans like parrotfish mango and ruby mango. Filipinos appreciate mango in Garaba very much. In recent years, in order to do business, they renamed it Manila Super Mango. The economic cultivation areas of mango in China are Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Fujian, Yunnan, Taiwan Province and other provinces. The most cultivated is Hainan Province, distributed in Lingshui, Baoting and Ledong. Orient, Yangtze River, Yaxian, etc. The current annual output is about 500 tons. The annual output of Panzhihua City in Sichuan is nearly 20,000 tons, and that of Nanning, Qinzhou, Baise and Yulin in Guangxi; Xishuangbanna, Dehong and Simao in Yunnan; There are quite a few mangoes in Anxi, Zhangzhou, Xiao Yun and Xiamen in Fujian. Edit this mango feature

Mango has good color, fragrance and taste, and is rich in nutrition. Every100g of pulp contains vitamin c56.4-137.5mg, and some of them can reach189mg. The sugar content is14 ~16%; The seed contains protein 5.6%; Fat16.1%; Carbohydrate 69.3%. Eating mango is beneficial to the stomach, quenching thirst and diuresis. Mature mango can be used as speckle reducing agent and diuretic in medicine, and seeds can be used as insecticide and astringent. Mango pulp is juicy and delicious, with the taste of peach, apricot, plum and apple. Eating a few in midsummer can quench your thirst and relieve summer heat. Because mango is not convenient for fresh storage and long-distance transportation, people often process it into canned sugar water, candied fruit, fruit wine, dried fruit, jam, jelly and so on. Among candied mangoes, mango, honey mango and licorice mango have long been famous all over the world and are very popular. Dai people in Xishuangbanna like to make mangoes into mango glue to eat. The method is to cook mango, remove the core and filter it to become translucent amber pectin, which is crispy and delicious and has a unique flavor. Edit the distribution area of this paragraph

Mango is widely distributed, with more than 70 countries producing mango, 90% of which are concentrated in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Malaysia and other countries in Asia. It is cultivated in eastern and western Africa, Tanzania and Zaire, Brazil and Mexico in America, Florida and Hawaii in the United States. Mango is planted in Taiwan Province, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and southern Fujian, southern Yunnan, southeast and southwest Yunnan, and Panzhihua, Sichuan. Except Taiwan Province Province, there are about 100 counties (cities) where mangoes are distributed and produced. Guangdong mainly produces Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Gaozhou and Xinyi. Guangxi mainly produces Nanning, Longzhou to Baise, Yongning, Bobai and Pingnan, among which Baise Tiandong was awarded the title of "Hometown of Mango" by the state. Hainan is mainly distributed in Danzhou, Changjiang, Baisha, Dongfang, Ledong, Sanya, Lingshui and other counties (cities), mainly in Haikou and Qiongshan. Yunnan is mainly distributed in Wenshan, Honghe, Yuxi, Lijiang, Zhaotong, Simao and Xishuangbanna, with Jinggu, Jingdong, Xinping, Yongde, Shuangjiang, Hekou and Jinghong as the main producing counties.

Mango in Changjiang, Hainan

Mango in Changjiang, Hainan

mango

Edit the growing environment of this part.

1. temperature

Mango likes warmth, not cold and frost. The annual average temperature in mango producing areas in the world is above 20℃, and the monthly minimum temperature is above 15℃. The average annual temperature in the producing areas that can grow and bear fruit normally in China is 19. 8-24. 1℃, but the annual average temperature is 2 1-22℃, and the highest temperature in Leng Yue is above 15℃, and there are many frost-free areas almost all year round. The effective temperature for mango growth is 18-35℃, the suitable temperature for new shoot growth is 24-29℃, and the average daily temperature for fruit setting and young fruit growth should be greater than 20℃. Insufficient temperature, poor pollination and fertilization, and even inflorescence death or embryo abortion death. When the temperature is higher than 37℃, the fruit of Copanawa will be sunburned; When the temperature is lower than 10℃, the growth of new shoots and new ears stops; When the temperature is lower than 5℃, seedlings, tender shoots and ears will suffer from cold; When the temperature is about 0℃, the shoots, shoots and peripheral leaves of seedlings and trees will be damaged or even died. Young trees below -3℃ freeze to death, and big trees freeze seriously.

lamplight

Mango is a kind of fruit tree that likes light. Adequate light can promote flower bud differentiation, blossom and set fruit, improve fruit quality and appearance. Usually, there are many flowers per plant with sunny crown or open environment, and the fruit setting rate is high; Mango fruit with too many branches and leaves, closed crown and insufficient light has few flowers and fruits, and its appearance and quality are poor. We can improve the lighting conditions in the garden and trees by shaping and pruning, thus increasing the yield and prolonging the high-yield period.

Step 3: Moisture

Mango grows well in the area with annual rainfall of 700-2000 mm, and the uneven distribution of annual rainfall in South China often affects its growth and development. If the air is too dry during flowering and early fruiting, it is easy to cause falling flowers and fruits; Too much rain leads to rotten flowers and poor pollination and fertilization; Too concentrated rainfall in summer often induces serious fruit diseases; Autumn drought after harvest mostly affects the germination and growth of autumn shoot mother branches. The cultivation significance of editing this paragraph

Mango is known as the king of fruits because of its good color, fragrance and taste. Fruit is rich in nutrition, with sugar content as high as 12% ~ 20%, protein 5.56%, fat 16. 1%, carbohydrate 67.29%, rich in vitamin A, vitamin B and vitamin C, among which vitamin A is the highest. In addition, it also contains a small amount of minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and iron. Fruits are suitable for fresh eating and processing, and can meet consumers' diversified demands for fruits. Mango is a good tree species for fruit farmers to get rich because of its fast growth, early fruiting and high and stable yield. Edit the cultivation characteristics of this part.

Mango has thick main roots, deep burial, few lateral roots and slow growth. The seedling trunk is obvious, and the grafted trees are upright, spreading and in the middle due to different varieties. There are two kinds of flower buds: pure flower buds and mixed flower buds. The flowers are small, and there are two kinds of male flowers and bisexual flowers on the same inflorescence.

The mango tree

There is no natural dormancy of roots, and there are three peaks in the growth of young roots from 12 to February of the following year, that is, spring shoots before germination, Zhixia shoots before germination, and summer shoots before germination to autumn shoots. Adult trees have only two obvious peaks, which alternate with branches, and the root growth is at a low point in spring and summer. The growth of new shoots started from February to March and stopped in June11~ 65438+February. There are four kinds of buds: spring, summer, autumn and winter. Flower bud differentiation is mostly from 1 1 month to the following year 1 month, early-maturing varieties11February, and late-maturing varieties1~ February. Flowering, the flowering period of tropical and early-maturing varieties is 165438+ 10 to February of the following year, the southern subtropical and middle-maturing varieties are from February to March, and the late-maturing varieties are after mid-March. Fruit drop has two peaks, and fruit drop occurs 20 ~ 30 days before harvest. Mango needs 1 10 ~ 150 days from ovary expansion to maturity, and the fruit ripens from the middle and late May to August and September. Mango growth requires that the annual average temperature be above 20℃, the monthly minimum temperature be above 15℃, the optimum temperature for new shoot growth be 24 ~ 29℃, and the daily average temperature for fruit setting and young fruit growth be 20℃.

Mango anthracnose, powdery mildew, bacterial black spot, mango gummosis, mango stem rot. Pests include thrips, mango leafhopper, mango horizontal tail moth, mango leaf gall midge, mango stem borer, mango weevil, longicorn beetle and pine wood nematode. Edit the species and varieties of this paragraph.

Mango cultivars can be divided into two types according to embryology: single embryo and multi-embryo. Indian awn and its descendants, such as autumn awn, coconut awn and Haydn awn, belong to single embryo type. Lu Zongmang, Tai Mang and Ivory Mang belong to polyembryonic type. Edit the harvest, processing and market in this section.

The maturity of mango is often judged by the skin color changing from turquoise to yellowish or purplish red, the fruit point or pattern is obvious, the fruit shoulder is round and full, the pulp changes from white to yellow or orange, and the seed shell becomes hard. At the same time, it can also be judged by the proportion of fruit: the fruit is mature when it sinks into the water. In order to improve the commercialization of fruits, postharvest fruits are usually classified, preserved and packaged. Mango can be processed into fruit sauce, fruit juice, fruit powder, candied fruit and various pickled products besides fresh food. The planting area of mango in Chinese mainland is about 6,543,800 mu, and the output is 600,000-700,000 tons. The mango planting area in Taiwan Province Province is about 300,000 mu, and the output is about 2 1 10,000 tons. The output of mango is far less than that of citrus and banana. Mango can be eaten fresh and processed into various products, which is deeply loved by consumers. As long as we choose the excellent varieties needed by the market, strengthen the preservation and commercialization after harvest, and develop the processing industry, the market prospect of mango is promising.

1。 Don't eat mango after meals, and don't eat it with spicy substances such as garlic, otherwise it will make people yellow. At present, its mechanism is not clear, but this is a secular experience. According to modern reports, there are cases of nephritis caused by eating too much mango, which should be paid attention to. 2。 Mango leaves or juice can cause dermatitis to people with allergies, so pay attention. 3。 Mango, one of the few fruits rich in protein, is easy to get full if eaten too much. Traditionally, it can benefit the eyes and moisturize the skin, which may be the reason why it contains carotene. Its nucleus can also be used as medicine, which can detoxify, eliminate food stagnation and lower blood pressure. 4。 According to the analysis of dietotherapy in traditional Chinese medicine, mango belongs to the fruit that is flat and sweet, quenching thirst and promoting fluid production. Eating raw can stop vomiting and cure seasickness, and the effect is the same as sour plum. People who are not used to sailing and have bumps and chest tightness may wish to take mango as a "medicine". When pregnant women feel bored, they can eat mango meat or mango soup. The only thing to note is that mango is wet and poisonous. If you have skin diseases or tumors, you should remember to avoid them. 5。 Dampness is one of the six evils in traditional Chinese medicine. Skin diseases such as eczema, abscess and pus discharge, gynecological diseases such as leucorrhea, and internal medical diseases such as edema and beriberi can all be described as "dampness". People with wet constitution may get worse if they eat wet and poisonous foods such as mangoes. On the contrary, some people worry that eating mangoes will increase acne, but this idea is overdone. When mango is not ripe, the pedicel will ooze white juice, which may be the cause of allergy. In any case, people who cough due to deficiency of cold (itchy throat with white phlegm) should avoid eating, so as not to make their throats itch. Asthma patients should also fast according to the doctor's advice. In fact, not only Chinese medicine has this charge, but also western medicine has included mango in the list of taboos for asthma. According to my personal experience, even if I don't have sensitive people, eating a few mangoes at a time will make me lose my voice in real time.