The picture shows conjoined cherries found in 50 cherries. There are always three pairs of conjoined cherries. Each pair of conjoined cherries has only one stalk, and the two fruits are partially connected, but the stone is not connected. If the two kinds of fruits are separated, there is no obvious difference in taste and color compared with natural fruits, but they are slightly smaller. After investigation, I think the formation of conjoined fruit mainly has the following reasons.
First, two flowers get too close together and grow together when they bear fruit. Some people on the internet show that the conjoined fruit of kiwifruit is formed in this way. This factor has no effect on the quality and safety of food. But I don't think this is the cause of conjoined cherry, because each flower of cherry has a peduncle of 0.8- 1.9cm. In this conjoined picture, two fruits have only one peduncle, and it is unlikely that two flowers will be connected together no matter how close they are.
Secondly, the genetic mutation of seeds leads to the mutation of all somatic cells, and the gamete may or may not mutate, but the flesh (actually the real peel) of the cherry we eat belongs to somatic cells, so it is not necessary to consider the cells that have not mutated. There are many reasons for seed gene mutation, including radiation, and there are also many experiments in which radiation causes seed mutation. For example, after some crop seeds (such as peppers, etc.). ) brought to the satellite and irradiated with space rays, the cultivated fruits are not only large, but also brightly colored. Of course, some fruits will get smaller and darker. What causes the variation of fruit needs further understanding. (It should be noted that the seed's trip to heaven is only the first step to complete the "space upgrade". The really complicated work is the subsequent ground cultivation, screening and verification. This reason is unlikely to be the reason why I have seen conjoined cherries, because only four or five of the dozens of cherries I bought have conjoined characters, and seed variation will lead to most fruits being conjoined.
Third, conjoined fruits are mainly fruit tree buds. When pollinating, the temperature during flower bud differentiation is too high and the soil is dry. In the process of budding, the gene mutates, and a bloom flower will produce two pistils, which becomes this conjoined fruit. In general, sweet cherry only differentiates 1 pistil per flower, but when it is dried at high temperature in summer, 1 flower can differentiate into 2-4 pistils, and after flowering and fruiting, it can bear 2-4 abnormal fruits, such as 1997 when it is dried at high temperature in summer in Beijing, and at1997. However, the "small number" here is a lot compared with the mutation caused by gene replication errors in natural conditions, which is why I can find three conjoined cherries among dozens of cherries but not white or other strange cherries. The double pistils caused by dry and high temperature may explain the conjoined cherry I saw.
As the saying goes, "crooked melons and cracked dates are sweet", but it's not entirely true. On the one hand, fruits and vegetables are affected by adversity stress before ripening, and the accelerated synthesis of ethylene in fruits can promote the increase of soluble sugar content and promote the early maturity of fruits. Therefore, compared with those immature fruits, they are ripe and the proper flavor of fruits has begun to appear; On the other hand, too much pressure is counterproductive. There is a famous pumpkin experiment. In a growing pumpkin, the steel ring is constantly reinforced, and finally the pumpkin pulp becomes as inedible as wood.
Fourthly, during pollination, other environmental alienation, such as insufficient hormone dosage and large temperature change, will lead to fruit deformity, but the probability of such deformed fruit is not great.